...Sex and drugs and rock and roll Hypothesis: the 1960’s were the most influential decade when popular culture changed the world Of the many significant events in the 20th century, the two world wars, the cold war and Vietnam, space exploration and the dramatic impacts of automation and technology on everyday life, culminating with the popularity of personal computers and the birth of the internet towards the end of the millennium, arguably no other decade had as significant an impact on popular culture as did the 1960’s. What we witness is a transition from a conformist society at the start of the decade to a counter-culture of anti-war protests, pushes towards racial and sexual equality, free love and drug influences like never before. As...
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...In what significant ways has this tradition changed over time? Explore whether it has been faithful to its founding traditions or not. What major challenges does it face for the future? How might the history of its own tradition (founders, theology, movements) help clarify the way forward as it meets the challenges it faces? THE METHODIST CHURCH The Methodist tradition today has changed in its fundamental views because of controversial challenges, such as: evolutanary theory, racial issues, homesexuality, and interpretation of scriptures. The Methodist Church was chartered in 1784 by John Wesley in the United States. John Wesley created the Methodist church when he saw the need to provide his followers with structure after the Anglican Church abandoned its American believers. Since then, the Methodist church has changed its traditions to enhance its fitness in the modern society. The Church has encountered various challenges, which have both helped and hindered clarifying the way forward. John, his brother Charles, and several other students at oxford formed a group which was based on three pillars which enhanced the formation of Methodist church. These pillars include; devotion in their studies, prayers, and helping the underprivileged; these formed the pillars of Methodist church. However, the Methodism started facing challenges due to varied view from the people which at last led to its formation as a separate church (Southey 1925, 67). Three branches of American Methodism...
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...The Social Events of the 1950's, 60's, 70's, 80's, and 90s Introduction Over the past 50 years, there have been many changes within the social movement in the United States. Some of these changes have been for the better and some not so great. These changes were made with the hopes and dreams of making life better for all cultures, species, families, and environment. Now the question is, how did these change come about, and what were these changes about? Social Life of the 1950's In the early 1950's was a new beginning for the United States. With the end of the Great Depression and World War II, people felt that they could start living, and have things they thought they would never have, like a home, cars, a wife or husband, and children. With the new beginning, families started moving from large city life to the suburbs, for the reason that life in the suburbs was considerable less hectic and peaceful than what city life was like. Due to the Great Depression, many men and women put off getting married or starting families for the reason of lack of money or homes, and with the War, many were afraid they might not come home. However, with the new feeling of security and peace couples were able start the family they always wanted and so began the Baby Boom years. People moving to the suburbs triggered...
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...Hip Hop was a new movement involving many young adults of many different ethnicities, but it mainly focuses on African American and Hispanic youth. If there wasn’t any people supporting Hip Hop there wouldn’t be that genre today. Hip Hop is one of the many ways used as a form to express how Black and Hispanic felt as a minority. Hip Hop was used to express feelings and talk about the daily struggles minorities had to go through. Many different people have different ideas of Hip Hop and how they define it. Many may say that Hip Hop is not a form of music because it expresses negative thought. It talks about murder and racial disputes. Indeed those negative thought are talking about what blacks and minority’s communities have to face in their...
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...music can be seen encompassing many aspects of life for many individuals. It is a form of mass communication that speaks directly to society as a cultural form", and often reflects a collection and pattern of personal experiences. Hip-hop or rap, an art form and culture nearly thirty years old originating from The Bronx, New York, has provided a forum for Black and Latino youth to express their respective cultures and speak on a number of issues. Today, Hip-hop is a global phenomenon that appeals to almost all ethnicities and is synthesizing a new culture that goes beyond race, education, and income. Hip-hop has been under continual metamorphosis since its 1970’s inner-city inception. Some of the original artists like Kurtis Blow chose to lament everyday life in the ghettos. Others, Sugar Hill Gang among them, took a more dance inspired approach to the music. But for both these and other artists from the early years of rap through the late 1980’s including KRS-One, Public Enemy, Queen Latifah and LL Cool J, fast beats and socially relevant lyrics were among the primary components of the music. By the 1990’s a new face of rap music emerged. It began with Ice T and later gained popularity with artists such as NWA (Niggaz Wit Attitude) whose first album shocked and titillated the rap world with their obscene lyrical content and unabashed “gangsta” style, since then dubbed by the media as “gangsta rap.” Despite the growing acceptance of Hip-hop within white America and...
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...Big Question How did Americans challenge the rigid social expectations that characterized the early Cold War period? What was the relationship between domestic changes of the 1960s and the US's changing foreign policy? Section 1: Short Answer (30 points) Write multi-sentence responses for the prompts below. Be specific and give examples from the history we have learned. A. Read the statement below and then analyze what it is saying about being a young person in the United States in the 1960’s. Use these questions to help you write a commentary of 3-5 sentences: (10 points) * What events and changes in American society does the writer refer to? * How is this document an example of the ‘youth culture’ at the time? "When we were kids the United States was the wealthiest and strongest country in the world; the only one with the atom bomb. . . . As we grew, however, our comfort was penetrated [filled] by events too troubling to dismiss [forget about]. . . . The Southern struggle against racial bigotry [racism], compelled [took] most of us from silence to activism. Second . . . the Cold War, symbolized by the presence of the Bomb, brought awareness that we ourselves, and our friends, and millions of abstract "others" . . . might die at any time." —Port Huron Statement, Students for a Democratic Society The writer is referring to how America changed as he grew up. He grew up during a time when America was the wealthiest nation, but there was racism in the south. ...
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...Can they be considered a new social minority? What policy should the community use to control this problem? I decided to write my research paper about the gang activities during the deindustrialization because I think it is very important for political scientist to research how economical and political changes may impact the society and public policy. In my work I answer such questions as what challenges the urban administration experiences during the globalization and how to respond to them. This topic has its actuality today because gangs are becoming a new social “underclass”. (Taylor, 1990, p. 81) What does it mean? With the end of industrialization era a lot of job opportunities disappeared for a new generation of youth. Moreover, gang bands usually act as well-armed economic groups. As the result, many young males were involved in street gang activities such as drug dealing and other criminals. Once those young ones fall in criminal they stay involved in gang activities even when they become adult. (Hagedorn, 1991, p.529) It is remarkable to notice that Mass Media also had its role in growing new population of gangs. The Hollywood industry usually shows images of rich, famous gangsters in contrast of limited real life opportunities. This may encourage many young men from poor neighborhoods to follow those “norms” and sell drugs instead of getting education for good career. The interview of African-American young males in Chicago showed that their role...
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...It is widely agreed among historians that the Gay Liberation Movement was only slightly successfully in obtaining social equality, and almost entirely unsuccessful in obtaining political equality for the 1970’s and 1980’s. These advancements came almost entirely from the style of protest that was adopted during the time period by gay activist, and it's resonation with the American people. Following the Stonewall Riots of 1969, the Gay Liberation Movement adopted the style of protesting that had become popular during towards the end of World War II in GermanyThese ideas were popularized by Oscar Wilde, who had discovered them from a pamphlet titled The Early Homosexual Rights Movements. These new forms of revolution were based around peaceful...
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...the 'perspective' of theory and theoretical approach of the researcher only tease out particular aspects of a social phenomenon. By holding the topic of subculture constant, social scientific theory can be put into question. This essay examines subcultures from the 1950's to the present in order to revisit assumptions about theory. The Punk subculture is examined specifically through semiotic analysis within a broader Sociological framework in order to find out what a more subjective approach to theory over this time period can reveal. In the past, subcultural theory described subcultures as fairly uniform and static. Theorists referred to the 1960's and 1970's within a Modern paradigm which objectivist in nature understood subculture as a problem to be fixed. Subcultural delinquency was seen as noise and as unnatural. More recent subcultural theory describes subcultures as transient, informal and hybrid. But subcultures have always been about’ youth, about times of economic uncertainty, employment pressures and reliant on class distinction (Van Krieken et al. 2006, pp517-518). Meanwhile, in Postmodern society we see the so called 'disappearance' of subcultures which have become dispersed and commoditized by a youth distracted by consumerism and media images (Muggleton2000, pp48-50). Subcultures are defined as subordinate to the dominant culture and as having alternate beliefs. The groups that rebel are often referred to as reflective...
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...male supremacy and women are looked down upon. The fundamental rule in society is to follow God’s law and obey His commandments. Harsh, remorseless punishment is inflicted on those who stray from God’s laws. Now compare the Puritan society to today’s society. The American culture is ruled by momentary yet popular trends. Colored skinny jeans, snap-backs, unnecessary fashion glasses and neon clothing can be seen almost anywhere on the street (Lutz). Also modern culture has astronomically altered social norms. Women used to be the ideal caretaker of innocence and purity, but now women dress in revealing clothing and are preyed on by the indecent society. Proper mannerisms have vanished and young people have become straightforward and sometimes even rude. Respect for elders and wisdom has dwindled (The Revolution in Manners and Morals). What is the cause of this cultural shift? In Boston during 1684, a group of strict Puritan religious leaders wrote a letter to the community addressing the issue of dancing. Men could dance together and women could dance together, which was viewed as a natural expression of joy. Also children could dance with their parents’ permission. However if a male and female danced together it was seen as an inexcusable sin before God (An Arrow Against Profane and Promiscuous Dancing). Puritan religious leaders warned those who danced with the opposite gender and those who encouraged their children to dance with other children of the opposite gender would...
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...Community policing has surged forth since the 1970s as an increasingly important strategy for investigating and preventing crime activity, and enhancing community involvement and safety. It is a philosophy and an organizational strategy that helps the police and the community to work closely together in many different and inventive ways to solve the problems of crimes, illegal drugs, fear of criminal activity, physical or social disorder, neighborhood decay, and the quality of life in the community. Community policing is rather difficult to define. Although community policing does not have a singular definition, there are several various elements of community policing. A major definition used to define community policing is: Community policing is more of a philosophy than a specific tactic; a proactive, decentralized approach designed to reduce crime, disorder and fear of crime by intensely involving the same officer in a community for a long term so that personal links are formed with residents (Champion, 1997). This definition helps to explain the key elements of community policing. The most common features involve cooperation between police and community residents, willingness to work toward mutual goals, and a general desire to improve community safety through more effective crime control. Introduction The overall aspect of policing has been in existence for many decades. For many of these years, the view of the police officers and what they do has remained pretty much the same...
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...Table of Contents I. A Classroom in the Basement 2 A. The Mixture of Students 2 B. Unfair to Who 2 C. Segregation 3 II. Where We Came From 3 III. Facing a Change In What Is School 4 A. Who are these students? 4 B. Where is the Curriculum Hiding? 5 C. Myth Busters 6 IV. What’s right isn’t always popular, and what’s popular isn’t always right- Gandhi 7 A. Teachers Facing Challenges 7 B. Changes in Solutions to Challenges 8 References 9 A Classroom in the Basement The Mixture of Students Who are these students that are placed in make shift classrooms, a hall storage closets, a portable outside or even the basement? They are the changing face of students according to the National Center for Educational Statistics of the 49,676,964 students nationwide, 55.9 % are White 20.5% are Hispanic , 16.9 % are African American, 4.5 % Asian, 1.2% Native American. (NCES 2004-2005) Ten million students speak a language other than English in the home. (Oakes & Lipton 2007) The previously mentioned statistics, show how student populations have changed to become more ethnically, linguistically, and economically diverse. It is important to recognize each and every student as an individual with needs and talents all their own. Creating a need for Multicultural Education, cultural background can have a significant influence on the way in which students receive, respond, and produce information. If we treat everyone the same we end up being exactly the...
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...cultural genre to having a larger audience not made up of solely African Americans. It has gone from the slums, to the suburbs, and into larger corporate rooms. McDonald’s, Addidas, Nike, Coca Cola, Sprite, and other corporate giants have capitalized on this phenomenon. Although critics of Rap music and the Hip-Hop culture seemed to be fixated on the messages of sex, violence, and harsh language Hip- Hop has potential to unify individuals and promote change. This genre of music has transformed generations across the country. Hip- Hop possesses a level of maturity and a sense of cultural belongingness that has become a protest form for people all over the world. The art form, now simply known as Hip- Hop, began with three New Yorkers: Busy Bee Starski, DJ Hollywood, and DJ Afrika Bambaataa; they are credited for creating the term Hip-Hop. It all began in the early 1970’s with house parties and basement beat shaking music in upstate New York. The beats were very melodic, Africanized, and soulful. Hip-Hop is music for Blacks and Latinos who were isolated from the main stream popular music Rock and Roll. It housed several components: Rapping (MC’ing), Break dancing, Graffiti, and Street types of sport games. Black and Latinos celebrate themselves in these different art forms and it has now grown to a world revolution. According to Terri Adams, when the term Rap was first used by African Americans it...
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...This article is about the cultural movement. For the music genre, see Hip hop music. For other uses, see Hip hop (disambiguation). Graffiti of "hip hop" in Eugene, Oregon Hip hop is a form of musical expression and artistic subculture that originated in African-American and Hispanic-American communities during the 1970s in New York City, specifically the Bronx.[1][2][3] DJ Afrika Bambaataa outlined the four pillars of hip hop culture: MCing, DJing, B-boying and graffiti writing.[4][5][6][7] [8] Since its emergence in the South Bronx, hip hop culture has spread to both urban and suburban communities throughout the world.[9] Hip hop music first emerged with disc jockeys creating rhythmic beats by looping breaks (small portions of songs emphasizing a percussive pattern) on two turntables, more commonly referred to as sampling. This was later accompanied by "rap", a rhythmic style of chanting or poetry presented in 16 bar measures or time frames, and beatboxing, a vocal technique mainly used to imitate percussive elements of the music and various technical effects of hip hop DJ's. An original form of dancing and particular styles of dress arose among fans of this new music. These elements experienced considerable refinement and development over the course of the history of the culture. The relationship between graffiti and hip hop culture arises from the appearance of new and increasingly elaborate and pervasive forms of the practice in areas where other elements of hip hop...
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...withstand the rigorous wear and tear of the skateboarding sport and it was the only company providing a customizable shoe product. During the 80’s Vans saw some success from marketing in the movie industry, but soon found themselves in bankruptcy after investments in the athletic show market. In 1995, Gary Schoenfeld was named CEO. He shifted manufacturing to Asia due the high manufacturing costs in the U.S. and to introduce a greater range of styles. By lowering costs, Vans would be able to increase margins and be exposed to new distribution channels. Vans man’s product line brought in $182 MM, but women and children’s, combined, offered greater than $100 MM revenue. By maintaining their grass roots beginning, Vans can increase their presence in the men’s, women’s and kids product lines. Humble Beginnings Vans is an American manufacturer of shoes founded in 1966 by Paul Van Doren with his brother James and two other partners. They broke the mold with their brick and mortar stores that only sold sneakers. Their customers included the Southern California surf set of the 1960’s and the skateboarding rebels of the 1970’s. Both of these groups included a younger segment of consumers from twelve years old through early twenties, including high-school students and the younger skater generation. Vans attracted the skateboard groups, even though the public perception of the skateboarding movement was aligned...
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