...Tax Payer a. I am thinking whether the 1920s was a period of progress or decline from the point of view of. Chuck Lee, Chinese Head Tax Payer. According to the evidence I saw, Chuck Lee paid a $500 head tax to enter Canada in 1906. However, sometime after 1926, he went back to China to get married. After his marriage, his wife continued to live in China due to the immigration laws of Canada which at the time, were prohibiting Chinese immigration. The Chinese Immigration Act was a law to keep Chinese from entering Canada. However, for the Chinese already in Canada, they were allowed to take trips back home for a maximum of 2 years, no more. b. I think. describe the topic from your viewpoint. Be an actor...
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...Exam Notes WW1: Causes and Start of War (4): Industrialism: * As European countries increased production by using machines, they needed to sell these goods outside there own countries because there were now able to produce more then their own people could consume * The economic competition led the European people to look for colonies Imperialism: * The desire to control colonies around the world * Colonies were important to Europe because they provided natural resources and markets for export * Main two areas of the world Europeans competed for colonies were Africa and the Middle East Nationalism: * Belief that your country is the best and deserves more then other countries * Natural extension of the economic competition created by imperialism and industrialism * People in each country were willing to go to war to prove that there country was superior Militarism: * Increase in a countries armed forces to intimidate its rivals Unification of Italy and Germany: * Several short war’s fought * Never existed before 1870s as unified states * Italy unified by Kingdom of Piedmont, Germany unified by Kingdom of Prussia * Happened during industrial revolution Germany and France Rivalry: * Unification of Italy and Germany created a rivalry between Germany and France * In wars France was defeated and became Germany What is a dreadnought? - A ship that impressed people and was used in war ...
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...century, that was when welfare officers, or as they were sometimes referred to as welfare secretaries, were created. Welfare officers were mostly women, who were only concerned with the protection of women and girls, and their creation was a result of the conditions of the workplace, the stress that was being put on workers due to the expansion of the business's franchise and as their role grew the aim of moral protection for women and children was challenged by a need for higher output by the employers. Personnel management was pushed forward by WW1 due to women being recruited in high numbers to do the jobs of men that had left for war, which meant there had to be negotiations with the trade union about upping their employee levels to counter act the problem that their new hired workforce was unskilled at the job they were placed in and during that time personnel was being pushed forward by government schemes to get the most out of their employees. By 1916 it became mandatory to have a welfare officer in factories that manufactured explosives and was encouraged for munitions factories to have a welfare officer, at this time there was over 1,300 welfare officers. It was only until the WW2 that welfare and personnel workers were brought on at full-time at all locations that were manufacturing war materials because the Ministry of Labour and National service had insisted on it, just like in WW1 when welfare workers were placed in munitions factories. This was due to the government...
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...Lecture 1 July 4, 2012 • Popular Music in the United States: o Lies in the African-American Population o West African music was brought into America and was thrown into a mixing pot that the slave population count themselves as Americans. o Blues is the beginning of Jazz, Rock and R&B • Congo Square –Passage from book: History of Jazz o An eligible black man sits with a large cylinder drum using his fingers and edge of his hand he jams repeatedly on the drum head which is around 14 diameters and probably made from animal skin. ____________________ with rapid sharp strokes. A second drummer holding his instrument between his knees joins in, playing with the same ______ attack. A third black man seated on the ground _________ instrument the body of which is rashly fashioned from the calabash. Another calabash which has been made into a drum and a woman beats at it with two short sticks. One voice then another voice, then other voices join in a dance of scene contradictions __________ give and take ___________ one handed performance spontaneous yet on closer inspection ritualize and precise is a dance of massive proportions, a dense crowded _________ performed in circular groups perhaps five or six hundred individuals moving in time to the pulsations of the music some swaying gently and others aggressively stumping their feet. A number of women in the group begin chanting. This scene could be Africa, in fact it is 19th century in New Orleans scattered first handed...
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...1.) Compare and contrast the two types of totalitarian governments that arose after 1917, that is, communism and fascism. What were the origins of these governments, their accomplishments, and their failures? What accounts for the fact that the masses mobilized to support these movements? Elaborate. Communism is founded by Karal Marx and Friedrich Engels. Communism is Classless society, government-less and automatic system based on the common ownership and social sameness. There is no one is rich or poor people in a communist system. It stands for a stateless society where all are equal. On the other hand, Fascism was founded in Italy by Benito Mussolini. Fascism is the glorification of the state and it considers state on top of everything; believes in nationalism where state control everything. Communism means state ownership and fascism means state control. Fascism became popular between 1919 and 1945. Communism became popular after the Revolution of Russia in 1917. Fascism began to rise in Europe directly following the First World War because there was a fear of Socialism. The first nation where fascism rose to power was in Italy with Mussolini and his government. He created this ideology as the exact opposite of socialism and the way to combat the rise of socialism. He saw the rise of the Soviet Union and was afraid that they would move across Europe to force communism. Fascism has the government supporting private business instead of the government . In the...
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...F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby (1924) and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese (1846) display and examine the differing powers of hope depicted through the theme of love. The Sonnets are rich in passion, individuality and sincerity, while the novel is uncertain, bleak and corrupted. By deconstructing the texts, one can examine the influence context has in demonstrating their values and opinions on these issues. In the Sonnets, Elizabeth Barrett Browning considers the perfectionism that her patriarchal Victorian society expected from places on women and in doing so she examines the limitations that transpire within. EBB’s passionate representation of love is somewhat paradoxical as she rejects the inherent Petrarchan sonnet structure and challenges many of the values connected to these forms. Her series of sonnets are social and political arguments that reflect themes of personal experiences as a woman, rejection of idealised platonic love and her desire to represent transcendental love. Nonetheless her inspiration arises from her context and the Romantics as she draws upon the impulse to alter the attitudes towards women and to validate human love. She connects lifeless desired objects into subjects “dauntless, voiceless fortitude” (Sonnet 13) which make her feebleness as a sonneteer, but concurrently indicating her strength as a woman and as a lover. In her struggle to maintain female subjectivity and feminine desire she refuses to be passive and...
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...1 Preliminary draft The First Global Emerging Markets Investor: Foreign & Colonial Investment Trust 1880-1913 David Chambers and Rui Esteves∗ September 2011 Abstract: The Foreign and Colonial Investment Trust (FCIT) is the oldest surviving closed end fund in the world today. Its early success was related to its identification of a missing market, namely, the provision of a wholesale diversified investment vehicle for the investing public. Whilst much research has been conducted on aggregate international capital flows in this period, little work has been undertaken on the prime investment institutions. This micro-study seeks to fill this gap by undertaking detailed quantitative analysis of the leading investment trust investing widely in emerging markets during the first era of financial globalisation before WWI. The history of this flagship investment trust over more than three decades up to 1913 provides an insight into the relative success of this institutional innovation as well as into the risk and returns of investing in global emerging markets over a century ago. ∗ David Chambers (d.chambers@jbs.cam.ac.uk) is at Judge Business School, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1AG, United Kingdom. Rui Esteves (rui.esteves@economics.ox.ac.uk) is at the Dept of Economics, Oxford University, Manor Rd Building, Oxford OX1 3UQ, United Kingdom. We thank Foreign and Colonial for access to their archives...
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...The WR suffers from a few major teething problems, and struggles to survive. C Phase B 1924-28: ‘The Golden Twenties’. Things are on the up for the WR, as it recovers from its earlier problems. But beneath the surface, there are still weaknesses. Phase C 1929-1933: With the Wall St. Crash and the Great Depression, the WR comes ‘crashing’ down! Of course, during each phase, the Nazis were experiencing their own political rollercoaster ride. Broadly speaking, whenever the WR was enjoying success, the Nazis were not, and vice versa. More about that later. What was the Weimar Republic and why was it set up? A lot of students struggle to get to grips with this, but it’s really very simple! The Weimar Republic is the name of a new government that was set up in 1918 to rule Germany. Before 1918, Germany had been a monarchy. The ruling monarch was the Kaiser - Kaiser Wilhelm II. In 1918, there was a revolution in Germany, and the Kaiser abdicated. It was Germany’s defeat in WW1 which pushed the...
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...drove mns in 90s. industry influences customer choice. Rsetless - ho can we improve, how can we move forward, what can we do better, how can we innovate. Brand recognition. M&S 1. Value proposition and how was it provided? 2. What went wrong? Not tackling fundamental issues which were building up. Didnt lose many customers but lost touch with them. Over stock problem which led to heavy discounting, and didnt learn lesson as same thing happened again. Firm was pretending that everything was ok and short term issue for too long which later came as a suprise when dividends were cut. Competitors moved off shore, cheaper products of same quality and later even better quality. MNS had to take detail out of their product. Had to get Buying right as otherwise company couldnt recover. Suppliers tried to help as they were moving offshore but MNS didnt react fast enough. Didndt have fantastic product anymore. Ignored innovation in food. Lost direct command over the supply chain. 3. What is your assessment of Luc's approach? Took advantage of people feeling sympothy, as even competitors asked how they can help and Luc had some good advise from different sources. Fighting back. all 60000 of stuff were really motivated to fight back even though commercial results werent as expected. Long term strategy - focus on fundamental strengths. Get rid of what wasnt needed. refocus on core activity in uk and core customer. Create more effective balance...
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...HIMANSHU SAHNI MAHESH DILIP REDDY European culture & history LESSONS OF HISTORY: * Historical truth & historical books doesn’t always actually say or what it meant in the books. * They books are changed from time to time according to the situations and conditions. Example of Christopher Columbus who discovered America has been discussed in the class, where the actual evil intentions of Columbus were discussed who started his journey in search of India and discovered America. Here the myth is said as a history but the factual reality is left behind. Perennial philosophy: The perennial philosophy says about the whole world’s religious traditions as sharing a single, universal truth on which the foundation of all religious knowledge and doctrine has grown. In the perennial philosophy the several representations of different countries such as kundalini of India where the seven chakras represents seven energies present around the spine, Greece and the Caduceus / Homer and the Odyssey, Egypt and the Uraeus-Cobra & vulture, South America’s the oroburos, Chinese Dragon and the European alchemy which representation has different meaning has been discussed. Europe and Christianity: The Catholic doctrine teaches that Catholic Church was founded by Jesus Christ. It interprets the Confession of Peter as acknowledging Christ's designation of Apostle Peter and his successors to be the temporal head of his Church. In 380...
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...millionaire Jay Gatsby and his quixotic passion for the beautiful Daisy Buchanan. Considered to be Fitzgerald's magnum opus, The Great Gatsby explores themes of decadence, idealism, resistance to change, social upheaval, and excess, creating a portrait of the Jazz Age that has been described as a cautionary tale regarding the American Dream. 1.2 State of Problem The Great Gatsby provides a critical social history of America during the Roaring Twenties within its narrative. That era, known for unprecedented economic prosperity, the evolution of jazz music, flapper culture, and bootlegging and other economy struggle that was the result of the materialism and capitalism damaging on social behavior, led to the widespread social distress. 1.3 Theoretical Framework Using literary criticism to interpret what is the ideal life of America in 19th century and what is the dream of American people after World War I. as a Marxist interpretation of the novel makes especially clear, reveals its dark underbelly instead. Through its unflattering characterization of those at the top of the economic heap and its horrifying examination of the ways in which American dream not only fails to fulfill its promise, but also contributes to the decay to personal values of society. One of the most effective ways of analyzing the capitalist culture in GREAT GATSBY is by showing the debilitating effect of capitalist ideology even on those who are its most successful product, and so it does...
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... * Stevens in sympathetic to those that are oppressed ; steps up and opposes lincoln’s plan; doesn’t think the oppressed have been helped enough through concrete measures. Big supporter of freedman’s. * Sumner was beaten by canes in the senate chamber – personal animosity toward slavery and democracy in the south * almost like restarting over; a do-over * idealism and political motive * wanted to create a republican party in the south * Wanted to * Punish southerners * Protect freedmen * Strengthen republican party * 14th amendment * granting citizenship to African americans; can vote and hold office * outlawed black codes * righting wrongs that had popped up * some African americans were actually elected to senate; although this doesn’t last * 15th amendment * can’t deny someone the right to vote based on race * designed to reinforce democratic party taking over the south; new political role in the south * “Redemption “ * Around 1870, things look like they’re making progress * Grant elected president in 68, steps out of the way and let’s congress do what it wants * General amnesty act (1872) * Granted...
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...International Security Lecture 1 March 30th, 2015 The politics of security knowledge What is international security? We could start thinking about the security council of the UN But also about the invasion of Afghanistan (chapter 7 UN in order to secure the international security) We can also think about security in terms of the invasion of Iraq in 2003. This was a unilateral act of war, but sure it can also mean other things We can think of the national security agency, the agency in charge of spying all the signals and communications to a certain extent. What’s interesting about the NSA, it is seen as a threat to the security of the privacy. Lately, with the reports of the UN development programme, we start talking about HUMAN security (not military security, but rather the security of individuals, having a livelihood that’s acceptable). Whether security is international or not, it can be a rather confusing word The protection of values we hold dear. We search for it, we pursue it, we achieve it, we deny it to others. * what is to be secured? Is it the security of states? Or individuals? * What is the actual threat that we’re facing? Primarily to be dealing with military threats, or are there other types of threats we are facing. Essentially contested concept A concept that ‘inevitably’ involves endless disputes about their proper uses on the part of their users – Walter Gallie There can be ambiguity (one persons freedom-fighter is the other’s...
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...deadlock resulting from high levels of defence. The stalemate developed from four major reasons: i. The Faults of the Schlieffen Plan ii. The Faults of Plan XVII iii. Problems with Communications and Tactics iv. Problems with the High Command • The Faults in • There was an incredible reliance on speed – quick defeat of the France and a slow response by Russia Schlieffen • Unexpectedly strong resistance by Belgian forces – sabotaged Plan railway lines • Strong resistance from French • Troops were diverted from the West to the Eastern front • The “hammer swing” was shortened, so they approached Paris from the East which was expected • The Treaty of London was disregarded as a scrap of paper • Germans weren’t adequately trained for modern warfare strategies • The Faults in • French underestimated number of soldiers available to Plan XVII Germany • French were preoccupied with revenge for Alsace-Lorraine • Insufficient forces were given to the French left wing • Too much attention was on offensive tactics • Officer training was poor • Belgian and British armies were small • Napoleonic Wave Assault (continuous assault) occurred in open countryside=decimation • Problems • Rail was quick, but too few tracks were available to be used with Tactics • Guerilla attacks frequently destroyed the rail infrastructure and • Muddy conditions...
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...technically a member of the Jewish community. 1894 June – Parent’s engineering company go into liquidation, the family move to Milan while Einstein remains in Munich with distance relatives to finish his schooling. 29th December - Einstein leaves school early with a medical certificate, joins family in Milan. He had no school leaving certificate but a letter from his maths teacher confirming his excellent maths abilities. 1895 Essay “On the investigation of the state of the Ether in a magnetic field” in summer sent to his uncle Caesar Kock in Belgium. Einstein’s family plan for him to study engineering. 8 – 14th October – Einstein fails the entrance exam for the Swiss polytechnic in Zurich despite outstanding results for maths and science (he was two years below the normal age of 18.) However the mathematical and science part of his exam impresses Professor Weber enough for him to invite Einstein to attend his lectures. 26th October - Enrols at Technical...
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