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Whats Facebook

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Sociale media

Facebook, Hyves en Youtube zijn begrippen die niet meer weg te denken zijn uit ons dagelijks leven. In deze paragraaf wordt eerst de definitie van sociale media en social networking sites belicht. Daarna wordt het ontstaan van het grootste online sociaal netwerk besproken.

Sociale media & social networking sites

Het aantal gebruikers van sociale media is in de laatste jaren explosief gestegen. Uit een onderzoek (CBS, 2011) blijkt dat maar liefst 91% van de Nederlandse jongeren in de leeftijd van 16 tot 25 jaar actief gebruik maken van sociale netwerken. In de literatuur worden er verschillende definities van sociale media gegeven.

Volgens Scott (2010) is de definitie van sociale media; “Social media provides the way people share ideas, content, thoughts, and relationships online. Social media differs from socalled “mainstream media” in that anyone can create, comment on, and add to social media content. Social media can take the form of text, audio, video, images, and communities” (p. 38).

Een andere definitie van sociale media, gegeven door encyclopedie Opmax is; “Social media is de verzamelnaam voor alle websites waarbij de gebruikers (en niet een redactie) zelf de waarde van de website creëren.” (Encyclo, online Encyclopedie).

Facebook is één van de vele social networking sites. Deze social networking sites maken onderdeel uit van sociale media.

Volgens Ellison, Steinfield en Lampe (2007) is de definitie van social nework sites het volgende; “Social network sites (SNSs) (…) allow individuals to present themselves, articulate their social networks, and establish or maintain connections with others.”

Deze beschrijving behandelt de drie doelen van social network sites. Allereerst is het een manier om jezelf te presenteren. Daarnaast is het een manier om je sociale netwerk in kaart te brengen, en om relaties te onderhouden.

Facebook

Op 4 februari 2004 lanceert Mark Zuckerberg de website; TheFacebook.com. In eerste instantie kunnen alleen studenten van Harvard University een profiel aanmaken. Deze site is gelijk populair. Binnen één maand heeft de helft van de studenten een profiel. Om de site verder te promoten sluiten Eduardo Saverin, Dustin Moskovitz, Andrew McCollum en Chris Hughes zich aan bij Mark Zuckerberg. In maart 2004 wordt TheFacebook uitgebreid en kunnen studenten van Standford, Columbia en Yale zich ook aanmelden. Geleidelijk wordt de website toegankelijk voor alle universiteiten in Canada en de Verenigde Staten.

Facebook, zoals wij die nu kennen, wordt opgericht in juni 2004. De onderneming verplaatst haar activiteiten naar California en Sean Parker wordt benoemd tot directeur. De onderneming liet “The” uit de haar naam, toen zij in 2005 de domeinnaam Facebook.com kocht.

In de maanden erna blijft Facebook groeien. Op 26 september 2006, tweeënhalf jaar na oprichting, wordt Facebook toegankelijk voor iedereen met een geldige emailadres boven de 13 jaar en ouder.

Facebook beschrijft zijn bedrijfsprofiel als volgt: “Facebook’s mission is to give people the power to share and make the world more open and connected. Millions of people use Facebook everyday to keep up with friends, upload an unlimited number of photos, share links and videos, and learn more about the people they meet.” (www.facebook.com)

Facebook is momenteel de grootste social networking site van de wereld. De mijlpaard van één miljard actieve gebruikers[1] werd op 14 september 2012 bereikt.

Belangrijkste personen Facebook 2012

De belangrijkste personen achter Facebook zijn tegenwoordig Mark Zuckerberg, de oprichter van de social networking site, en Sheryl Sandberg. Beiden zijn zeer invloedrijke mensen in de financieel-economische wereld. Zuckerberg werd in 2010 door het Amerikaanse tijdschrift Time verkozen tot “Person of the Year 2010”.

[pic]
Figuur 1: “Facebook’s People” http://www.frankwatching.com Sandberg stapte in 2008 van Google over naar Facebook. Nadat Sandberg aan boord was van Facebook, begon zij snel met het uitzoeken van een manier om het bedrijf winstgevend te maken. Voor haar toetreding was Facebook vooral gericht op het maken van een “gave” site met de gedachte dat de bedrijf vanzelf winstgevend zou worden naar mate meer mensen gebruik zouden maken van de site. Het idee van Sandberg was om geld te verdienen met discrete advertenties op de site. Het idee werd uitgevoerd en bleek een schot in de roos. Facebook werd in 2010 winstgevend. In juni 2012 werd Sandberg verkozen tot lid van de raad van bestuurd. Zij werd hiermee de eerste vrouw in de raad van bestuur. In 2012 wordt Sandberg ook genoemd in de “Time 100”, de jaarlijkse lijst van de 100 meest invloedrijke mensen in de wereld, samengesteld door de Amerikaanse tijdschrift Time.

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[1] Actieve gebruiker: een gebruiker is volgens de definitie van Facebook actief als deze tenminste één keer per maand inlogt.

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