...more demand in corn to feed animals. However farmers have been producing corn and soy beans for other reasons, mainly to create bio-fuels out of them. And to make matters even worse, governments are seeing bio-fuel as a solution for the increasing global warming situation. They are making a solution for global warming and creating another problem food is getting more expensive. The reason behind this is because farmers get subsidies from the government thus leaving the production of their crops as food behind. This makes it more expensive for other farmers to feed animals that will later lead to food in the market. These are 2 big problems that are happening right now because we want to protect the environment but we all know that we do not want to go hungry doing it. What is unfortunate in this situation is that high tariffs are shutting out producers of alternative products that can be turned into bio-fuels, most notable sugar cane, from the U.S. and EU. One of the most notably sugar cane producers (Brazil) confronts import tariffs of about 25% in the U.S. and 50% in the EU. These import tariffs raise the price of sugar and makes it uncompetitive with corn and soy beans thus breaking the chance of converting sugar into bio-fuels and ethanol. It is an unfortunate situation because sugar is seen as a more environmental friendly raw material for bio-fuels seeing that the fiber removed...
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...plans to move into the national market by introducing a fleet of alternative-fuel vehicles into its existing fleet. While alternative fuels are still not widely available outside major metropolitan areas, we believe adding alternative-fuel cars to our fleet in areas where alternative fuels are readily available will increase our customer base and open new markets. This is particularly true in large east coast metropolitan areas that consider themselves to be environmentally proactive, such as Atlanta, Boston, New York, and Washington D.C. With the extremely high price of gasoline, there is a much higher demand for alternative-fuel cars, so by providing an option to our customers for these types of vehicles, Lotus will be able to tap into the green minded customer markets that already exist in these cities. Our team believes that introducing this fleet into Lotus’ already existing fleet will add a new dimension to the company and provide the growth we need to compete in these new markets. Our team will explore the advantages and disadvantages of the most widely available types of fuels and automobiles. We will also discuss the economic impact this fleet will have on Lotus. After exploring these options, we will provide our Chief Financial Officer with the types of cars and fuels best suited for these markets. These recommendations will be based on the range of the automobiles and the availability of the fuels within that market. Our recommendation will take into account both the environmental...
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...to provide access which being environment friendly and achievement of an optimum mix of primary resources for energy generation. Fossil fuels will continue to play a dominant role in the energy scenario in our country in the next few decades. However, conventional or fossil fuel resources are limited, non-renewable, polluting and, therefore, need to be used prudently. On the other hand, renewable energy resources are indigenous, non-polluting and virtually inexhaustible. India is endowed with abundant renewable energy resources. Therefore, their use should be encouraged in every possible way. 1.2 The crude oil price has been fluctuating in the world market and has increased significantly in the recent past, reaching a level of more than $ 140 per barrel. Such unforeseen escalation of crude oil prices is severely straining of the developing various economies the world over, particularly those countries. Petro-based oil meets about 95% of the requirement for transportation fuels, and the demand has been steadily rising. Provisional estimates have indicated crude oil consumption in 2007-08 at about 156 million tonnes. The domestic crude oil is able to meet only about 23% of the demand, while the rest is met from imported crude. Page 2 of 18 1.3 India’s energy security would remain vulnerable until alternative fuels to developed based on indigenously...
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...INTERMEDIATE VOCATIONAL COURSE Second Year NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES For the Course of Rural Engineering Technician State Institute of Vocational Education Directorate of Intermediate Education Govt. of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad. 2005 Author Sri Shali Habibulla M.Tech (Ref & A/c), Hons. C.H.E. M.I.S.T.E. Department of Rural Engineering Technician Govt. Junior College (Boys) New, Town, ANANTAPUR - 515 001. Editor Sri K. Jagadish Junior Lecturer in R.E.T. Govt. Junior College Vmedugula - 531027. Vizag (Dist.) PREFACE The main objective of vocational education is to train the students at +2 level for meeting the demands for the skilled manpower in both organised and unorganised sectors and also to provide an alternative channel for those who aimlessly persue higher education and to prepare them for self reliance. The State Institute of Vocational Education (SIVE) in collaboration with the Board of Intermediate Education, Andhra Pradesh has developed curriculum for 43 vocational courses in the field of Engineering & Technology Agriculture Health & Paramedical Business & Commerce Home Science and Humanities Accordingly the text books have been developed by SIVE as per the restructured curriculum by utilizing the services of various professional teachers in the respective fields. I am sure that this book will be immensely useful to the vocational students and teachers in understanding the concepts. I wish to place my sincere thanks on record...
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...personal reflection on the business simulation on ethics-lx, where I had to take three strategic decision choices for specialty grocery retailer – SmartMart, with an aim to retain their market leadership position as retail supplier of sustainable food products, while at the same time being true to their mission statement of total stakeholder management. | Contents SmartMart Simulation – The Main Content 3 Reflection on Decision Making 3 Changing Store Format 3 Adopting Bio-Fuel 4 Pursuing Organics 2.0 Standard 5 Conclusion 5 Bibliography 6 Certificate of Completion – SmartMart Simulation on Ethic-LXTM 7 SmartMart Simulation – The Main Content The simulation exercise puts the incumbent in the shoes of a leadership trainee at Corporate Strategy division of SmartMart, a retail grocery chain that combines the mission of environmental stewardship with entrepreneurial spirit in an effort to add value to all their stakeholders. SmartMart is going through a watershed moment where mass market adoption of organic products has set them up against price-leader competitors, eroding their margin and exclusivity of their organic products. In an effort to utilize their core competence to maintain market leadership, SmartMart has thrown their business model up for questioning and challenging, and the incumbent has to make three key strategic decisions around the topics of change in store-format, adoption of bio-fuel and pursuing a new organics label with stricter compliance...
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...Bio-Carbon Capture by Beema Bamboo By Dr N. Barathi, Growmore Biotech Ltd Climate change has become one of the major challenges for mankind and the natural environment. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions released into the atmosphere in ever rapidly growing volumes are recognised to be responsible for this change. Carbon dioxide is one of the major green house gas which can be effectively brought down fast by trees that grows fast by absorbing co2. Beema Bamboo is one of the fastest growing plants on earth, grows one and half feet a day in India. Beema Bamboo acts as a carbon sink for CO2 emission of Chennai. When fossil fuels are burnt, carbon is removed from below ground (gas and oil wells and coal mines) and release into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide (CO2). This is a greenhouse gas that increases the risk of global warming. In contrast, Bamboo (like all other plants) removes CO2 from the atmosphere and incorporates it into plant tissue, both above and below the ground. “Bio Carbon Capture” by bamboo is an approach to neutralize the fossil fuel emissions, based on capturing Carbon di-oxide from the atmospheric air by the process of photosynthesis by fast growing clones of bamboo-Beema, specially developed for high biomass production as bio-carbon sink. The carbon di-oxide can then be prominently stored in the woods of bamboo or can be used for generating Carbon Neutral Energy. Though the carbon di-oxide capture is done by all plants and trees, the special Beema bamboo...
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...countries such as Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and sub-Saharan Africa, people cannot afford the high food prices. World Bank has also reported that there are 36 countries where do not meet the demand of the standard of the food security, and 21 are in Africa. In India, government announced that the food prices already increased by 21% over a year; meanwhile lentils and sugar prices had increased by 30%. i. Consider the rising food prices factors, and discuss these under demand side factors and supply side factors Under the demand side, first reason for the increasing food prices is that the income of domestic people increases in both China and India due to rapidly economic growths. So the demand for normal good rises, such as food, particularly meat and grain. Also, grain is the composite good, which could not only be consumed by human, but also be needed to feed livestock. Therefore, the large demand quantities of grain straightly result in increasing grain prices. Food is also the necessity, so the food prices are inelastic. That means in spite of increasing food prices; the quantity demanded of food is still large. Secondly, bio-fuels are increasing being utilized in some countries such as The United State and parts of European countries. Consequently, the great quantities of grain are needed for fuel processing factories, which also increase the food prices. Under the supply side, terrible weather conditions and shortage of grains in global grain stockpiles lead to...
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...Md. Arafater Rahman Bhuiyan Assistant Professor Department of business studies Bangladesh University of Business & Technology Subject: Letter of Transmittal Dear Sir, With due respect we, the undersigned students of BBA 28 intake, section 07 of a group have Case study on “Why did global food price rise” under the course: International Business. This case study has enabled us to gain how to increase global food price rise. So it becomes as an extremely challenging and interesting experience. Thank you for your supportive consideration for formulating an idea. Without your Inspiring this case study would have been an incomplete one. Lastly, I would be thankful once again if you please give your judicious advice on effort. Yours’ sincerely, On behalf of my group Md. Mahmud Hasan ID No- 11123101283 Department of Business Studies Acknowledgement Every case study big or small whatever, is successful largely due to dedicated people who have always given their valuable advice. I sincerely appreciate the support and guidance of all those people who help us to complete this case study. I am Md. Mahmud Hasan. Extreamly grateful on behalf of my group to my course teacher Md. Arafater Rahman Bhuiyan who gave a case study task to complete with good direction. And also, grateful unknown economic online blogger who wrote articles on his blog & we got some important information. I also grateful to my group...
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...there needs to be compliance officers stationed in each factory to oversee the working conditions and manage any problems. Question 2 The suppliers don’t want to lose Wal-Mart’s business so I can see where they would cut corners not to lose it, such as longer work hours, less pay, shorter breaks, no days off, etc. A majority of these factories are located in poor countries where the work ethic is not held to a high standard as it is in other more modernized countries. Question 3 In reading the article it seems that Wal-Mart is moving in the right direction as far as performing audits, but as you can see there are ways the companies can get around that. Having 40.3 percent of factories at “high-risk” is to me, unacceptable. Giving them 120 days to correct the violations is a good practice, but more unannounced audits should be performed and should be more frequent to make sure they are in constant and continuous compliance. Question 4 I feel that Wal-Mart should not be doing business in those countries. Those companies cannot be trusted to adhere to rules and regulations established by Wal-Mart. I feel in the long run it will end up costing Wal-Mart more money because of unethical behavior. They would need to spend enormous amounts of money to set up a system where these companies can be monitored and policed. That would mean bringing in their own people instead of relying on that particular factory to hire compliance officers. It was disheartening to me to...
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... Lacking economy of scale (size of the company). 2. Increasing environmental awareness among customers. 1. Virgin Atlantic lacks economy of scale because of the size of the company and limited routes available. To be able to compete effectively and gain greater profits through economy of scale, Virgin Atlantic has to expand by opening new routes. The implementation of this will require strategic financial planning and adjustment of the company structure. It is likely that this process will take several years; however, this change is necessary to increase Virgin Atlantic’s competitiveness. 2. With the increased concern about the environment among customers, bio-fuel has been tested by Boeing for a few years in order to lower carbon emission caused by airplanes. Virgin Atlantic can be the first company to use bio-fuel aircrafts as the company is currently using an environmentally friendly strategy. This strategy can strengthen the brand image of the...
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...sources of power to meet our urban and rural energy need. This will in no small measure support our national grid and reduce rural-urban drift. The heavy dependence on gas generated by the Nigeria National Petroleum Co-operation (NNPC) to power our turbines at our gas plants often exposes the country to power outage due to high cost of maintenance and vandalism. Applying biomass technology to generate power can help the country develop its energy sector more rapidly as the raw material needed to feed the Bioenergy plants are almost everywhere in the country some are mere waste such as agricultural and domestic waste. The focus of this paper is on the use of bioenergy to alleviate the poverty rate in Nigeria especially in the rural areas where there is large amount of Lands and biomass material. Developing the bioenergy strength of the country also creates wealth and employment opportunity in the country; generate electricity and the production of domestic cooking gas across the rural and urban settlements in the country. 1. INTRODUCTION Energy is the mainstay of Nigeria’s economic growth and development. It plays a significant role in the nation’s international diplomacy and it serves as a tradable commodity for earning the national income, which is used to...
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...What is bio gas--Biogas typically refers to a mixture of gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Biogas can be produced from regionally available raw materials such as recycled waste. It is a renewable energy source and in many cases exerts a very small carbon footprint. Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion with anaerobic bacteria or fermentation of biodegradable materials such as manure,sewage, municipal waste, green waste, plant material, and crops.[1] It is primarily methane (CH 4) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide (H 2S), moisture and siloxanes. The gases methane, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide (CO) can be combusted or oxidized with oxygen. This energy release allows biogas to be used as a fuel; it can be used for any heating purpose, such as cooking. It can also be used in a gas engine to convert the energy in the gas into electricity and heat.[2] Biogas can be compressed, the same way natural gas is compressed to CNG, and used to power motor vehicles. In the UK, for example, biogas is estimated to have the potential to replace around 17% of vehicle fuel.[3] It qualifies for renewable energy subsidies in some parts of the world. Biogas can be cleaned and upgraded to natural gas standards when it becomes bio methane. Biogas is a biofuel and it generally refers to the gas produced from organic matter as it is broken down by biological means. You can build a biogas plant for your home, community...
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...requirement of more food and other resources. There becomes a problem within our resources, “For most of the past decade, the world has been consuming more food than it has been producing” (Turk, and Bensel, 2011). Within developing countries they produce much of the grains that we import into the U.S. With the consumer good demands such grains are being used for livestock, which raises the prices of imported goods from local stores. The more the price rises within stores, the wealthier our importers get. Due to these demands of grain production the countries who supply them end up not being able to produce enough grain for livestock. In some areas grains are grown for a specific use for production of bio fuels for cars. “Increasing demand for food, feed, and bio fuels has been a major driver for deforestation in the tropics” (Turk, and Bensel, 2011). The demands for such items increase within six months to the year. The more it increases the more suffering the livestock deals with. Although it’s extremely important to feed every living creature especially...
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...A I. Introduction 3 II. Brazil 4 a. Short history 4 b. Brazil during the oil crisis in the 70’s 6 III. Ethanol as bio-fuel 7 a. Extraction process 7 b. Energetically self sufficient ethanol plants in Brazil 8 c. Energy from Ethanol 9 d. Flex-Fuel Vehicles 10 IV. Economic Effects of Ethanol as Bio-Fuel 10 a. Brazil not endangered by a new oil crisis 10 b. Export 12 c. Vertical industries 13 d. Environmental benefits 14 V. Ethical and Social Implications 15 a. A market not dominated by oil barons 15 b. Independent economy 16 VI. Brazil in a global economy and ethanol in the US 18 a. Future of ethanol as bio-fuel in Brazil 18 b. Ethanol in the United States 19 c. E85 21 VII. Conclusion 22 VIII. Works Cited 23 I. Introduction Fuel, at its simplest, makes us go. It is a necessity to modern day life. Even if everyone were to walk, rather than drive, there would be a need for it. This is one thing that is in common around the world. The dependence on oil based gasoline has many of the most powerful countries forking out quite a bit for their fuel. This is, of course, the case in the United States. There is no doubt that this country needs an alternative fuel, or to cut back on its use of the current fuel. However, because we are so dependent at this time on oil based gasoline and other fuels, Americans tend to be a bit hesitant of truly switching over to some of the other products. We need examples. We need to know...
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...the world where would we get our energy, or fuel for our vehicles amongst other things that oil is responsible for making. One alternative to using crude oil is the invention of electric cars or hybrids as we see on the road everyday most common is the Toyota Prius. It was best explained that "the plug-in hybrid still faces the same battery issues that have plagued electric car development (R. J. Kopp, 2006)." These vehicles will not only put an end to dependency on oil but help provide for a cleaner environment as well. The only problems that we have not yet been able to solve with these vehicles is how far they can go on a single charge, so far we can’t go to far on a single charge. Another good form of energy is the renewable resources brought to us through the use of corn and other products that make up biofuels. You see all the time driving down the road and you see usually on a school bus or big semi the sticker that says this vehicle runs on bio-fuel. Bio-fuel is used in airplanes and some modern vehicles as well. Even though this is a great idea for a sustainable use for fuel it just so happens to cause a negative impact on nature causing this to be potentially more harmful than the use of fossil fuels a.k.a., oil. However the knife in the back of change could be pointed at anyone in particular but its all really about the almighty dollar and with out our deep dependence on foreign oil, there seems to be no new hope for a sustainable source of alternative fuel not as long...
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