...Material Gender and Sex Worksheet Answer the following questions in 50 to 150 words each. Provide citations for all the sources you use. • What is gender? What is sex in biological terms? Are gender and sex the same thing? Explain why or why not? Gender can be defined as the behaviors, attributes and roles associated with being either a woman or a man (Flintoff & Squires, 2008, para. 1), whereas sex refers to the atypical combinations of features that usually distinguish male from female (American Psychological Association, 2011). Sometimes gender and sex can be used interchangeably to some, but to me, I do not think they have any significance between the two. Such as in the case of a transgendered person, they may have the same attributes to that of a woman, like behavior (gender), but yet they present physical features of a man (sex). • How do gender and sex contribute to the concepts and constructions of masculinity and femininity? Gender and sex contribute to the concepts and constructions of masculinity in ways that feature strength and courage to name a few. As to femininity, gender and sex can come in forms of nurturing or emotional. These characteristics can be switched as I mentioned in my example of transgendered individuals. • Do our concepts of gender and sex contribute to the ways we embrace gender and sex in diversity? I believe so. Our concepts of gender and sex have been embedded into our culture for many years to where it has always...
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...about when you see a woman working and paying bills? Or what about when you see a stay at home husband cooking and cleaning, what comes to mind then? As you reflect on your reaction and often wonder why they are performing tasks that has been predetermined as something of the opposite sex. Gender roles are socially constructed. It is what society has designed to be of the norm. Marriage is a legally recognized union between two people, usually man and woman. Gender is the expectations that one forms of others based upon them being females or males. When we think about gender roles in marriages, we think about a specific tasks that a husband and wife must perform. In earlier...
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...|Gender Identity | |Hormonal and Behavioral Interactions Affect Determination of Gender Identity | |To explain how hormones affect gender identity and sexual behavior or examine how the interaction between hormones and behavior can be | |somewhat complicated. It would be easier to explain if we could say that behavior is caused unequivocally by hormones in the body. What | |has been established though is that elevated levels of hormones increase the chance of certain behaviors, and certain behaviors increase | |the likelihood of change in hormones. What also has been established is that hormones carry messages and that they can affect facets of | |the body at different times (Kalat, 2001). When the body requires a certain process to be done or needs a certain protein made, the | |brain emits a signal to make a certain type of hormone. Those signals are sent through other kinds of hormones that are also in the body.| |Puberty is the time when hormones disperse and levels rise. The testosterone levels in males are usually higher than the estrogen levels | |and that’s when tissue and muscle growth give rise to masculinity. In females, the estrogen levels predominate resulting in femininity. | |At any rate, the lessened or heightened amount of either of these hormones in the...
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...Zundl ISS Women Leadership 14 September 18, 2014 Personal Reflection Society plays a big role on how individuals act and perceive their environment. Its society the one that chooses what certain sex is supposed to act. Once an individual goes outside questions the norms, society makes that individual an outcast. The reason behind is because people love to be loved back just to become accepted by society. Society has a great impact on gender and how an individual is expected to act based on societal rules. Judith Lorber in her essay “Night To His Day” explains how individuals try to put a gender once a baby is born, those expectations of gender then creates gender stereotypes of how an individuals should act and respond to societal cues based on their gender. Lorber’s essay is an explanation to some extent of how living and being Hispanic has influenced my way of thinking towards the role of women in society. Since an early age a Hispanic girl is taught that is incumbent for her to stay home and take care of the children and man, however, that machista way of thinking aggravates what I stand for which is succeed in life and not be the typical stay home housewife. Living in such environment made me realized that I wanted to stand out from the norm. That the kitchen and woman role that society designates to women were not for me; instead, I wanted an education in which I have a leadership role and stand beside men as equal. Taking that stand and identifying myself as a liberal feminist...
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...‘Dad’s new role’ as an example of how gender is changing in the twentieth century. It will discuss how gender has changed over time through individualisation and detraditionalisation and why sociologists are still focusing on gender issues. The father’s role at home is under negotiation, according to Coltrane (1998) the role father’s play at home is being negotiated between men and women, trying to come to new ways to solve family work roles. Even though most people agree that men and women are equal, gender is still one of the major determinants of one’s life chances. Gender is also individualised, Beck (1992) writes, individualisation is the dual process where , under conditions of reflexive modernity, individuals are disembedded from historical social forms and commitments including those related to class and gender and then re-embed in new ways of life in which they must produce, stage, and roughly assemble together their lives themselves. In other words the individual is presumed to be actors, designer and stage director of his or her own biography identity. Gender refers to a set of culturally defined characteristics which determine society’s view of people as ‘masculine’ or ‘feminine’. Oakely (1970) pointed out that across cultures and historical periods there were considerable differences in the ways in which women and men were expected to behave, she also stated that across cultures and history that performance of gender could differ...
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...Part 3: Final Paper: Gender characteristics of different cultures impact specific community structures such as life at home, the work environment, and everyday activities Graham Jones Ms. Lookadoo Communication 1113 In recent research, it has been found that the roles of men and women are controversial. The controversy has risen because men and women have different norms, and these norms are present in many every day situations. Men and women are supposed to be view as equals in society, but many people refuse to inhale this idea. Women and men are equals, but there are some obvious differences in their characteristics that allow people to think otherwise. In communication, the gender characteristics of different cultures impact specific community structures such as life at home, the work environment, and everyday activities. Life at home is a very interesting topic when it comes to gender characteristics. Working class couples take on different roles when it comes to household chores and in many instances women end up monitoring or even redoing the men’s job anyway (Sassler, 2013). This goes to show that women do a disproportionate share of the housework. The research is evident that in two out of every three couples, the woman stays at home during the day, which puts her in the position to take advantage of cooking and cleaning around the house. Most women are being set up and given a disproportionate amount of the household chores. Meanwhile...
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...attempted to explain why gender differences occur in crime, but to what extent, is the question that will be answered within this essay. This will be done by also assessing the value of other theories and arguments in order to see how useful the chivalry thesis is in understanding gender differences. The chivalry thesis suggests that more sexism on the part of the criminal justice system, such as the male-dominated police and courts, means that women are treated more leniently than men. There is much evidence for the chivalry thesis, for example according to the Home Office, women are consistently treated less severely by the law, with first offenders about half as likely to be given a sentence of immediate imprisonment than males are. In addition, female offenders are generally regarded by the police as a less serious threat than men, and are therefore more likely to benefit from more informal approaches to their offences, particularly for minor offences, such as cautions or warnings rather than being charged. In addition, women do receive more cautions than men, but this is partly because they commit relatively more minor offences like shoplifting, and they are more likely than men to admit their offences, which is necessary before the police can issue a caution. As a result, the criminal justice system will appreciate their honesty and let them off with lighter punishments. Hence, showing how the chivalry thesis can be useful in explaining gender differences in crime. Furthermore...
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...Gender Roles in India: How do the Men and Women of India live the way they do? Gender roles in India are very controversial as seen from the eyes of a westerner. Many though however view this as culture and tradition. In India, the women are controlled almost completely by the men in their families. They also have to pay a lot of respect to the men in their culture in general. The women must follow the commands of her father first, after him her husband, and lastly her son. Although she must obey these men the restrictions do not end there. After a woman’s husband dies she does not have independence and she is not allowed to remarry. These are the values that are taught to the woman in India and are respected by the men in the country. Starting off with the value of respect, it dates back to the caste system. Generally most Indian communities do not respect the fact where families do not accept lower caste systems into their own. The caste system can be described as segregation in a way. The categories of segregation are Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra. The Brahmans were considered the priests and educated class, the Kshatriya were considered the land owners, rulers and fighters of their town, they dominated the government, and their superiority level was just under the Brahmins. The Vaishya were considered the trader class and the Shudra were servile laborers. What the caste system did was that it...
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...| Assignment 5: “Communication Dilemma—Getting Credit” (Reeves Chapter 7) | | | 1. Propose some lessons we can learn from gender communication in business. Communication between men and women can be considered cross-cultural communication. People in different cultures speak different dialects. Before clarifying some distinctives in gender communication, several basic assumptions must be accepted. 1. Men and women do have different conversational styles. 2. Both styles of communication are equally valid. 3. The goal in gender communication is not change the style of communication but to adapt to the differences. Gender Communication in Business Communication is necessary in all aspects of human endeavor. The subject of gender communication is not new, we all know that there are differences in the way women and men communicate. And these differences are shown in the work place as well. This phenomenon does not deal with the thing that men and women are equal. It is different from that. The concept I’m telling about the perception of men and women for the same situation would be different because they both have different communication style. Research says that “Starting in childhood, girls and boys are generally socialized to belong to distinct cultures and thus, speak in ways particular to their own gender’s rules and norms” (Johnson, 2000; Tannen 1986, 1990, 1995.) This pattern of gendered socialization continues throughout our...
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...feminism, marxist feminism, and difference feminism. Aside from all agreeing that society is patriarchal, these versions of feminism disagree on two levels; the extent of patriarchy in society and also what needs to be done to create gender equality. Firstly, liberal feminism. Liberal feminists believe all humans should be treated equally; however they believe that women aren’t treated equally to men in society. Liberal feminists suggest that to create greater gender equality laws that are unfavourable to women need to be changed in order to present women with greater opportunities. Oakley distinguishes between sex and gender, referring to sex as the biological differences between males and females such as their reproductive role, whereas she refers to gender as culturally constructed differences between masculine and feminine roles and identities assigned to males and females. Liberal feminists therefore disagree with the functionalist Parsons who believed that males and females perform the roles they are biologically suited to do, contrarily believing that they only perform these roles due to their socialisation into a patriarchal society. Liberal feminists do however believe that there has been a move towards greater gender equality, also known as a march of progress view. They believe that the gradual change in equality can be attributed to changing laws such as the equal pay act of 1970 and cultural change away from gender stereotypes....
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...private sphere of consumption and the home. This is where conjugal roles come in; these are roles played by the husband or boyfriend and wife or girlfriend in a married or cohobating couple. The item suggests that some sociologists see the family as a march of progress where as others see it as unequal and patriarchal. Functionalists, like Talcott Parsons, saw the division of labour as biological and he claimed that they were beneficial to the family and wider society. Elizabeth Bott named the divisions through ‘joint and segregated conjugal roles’. The joint roles were more common amongst middle class and young families, these roles were joint. Whereas the segregated roles were more common amongst working class, these roles were divided. Parsons named these gender roles as expressive and instrumental functions which become clearer during the industrialisation. The husband performs the instrumental function, in being the ‘breadwinner’ of the family to provide financial support, and the wife performs the expressive function, in being the housewife. Parsons reckons that these functions are natural and they benefited the whole family. This view was also supported by the New Rights. However, this view has been criticized as it is traditional and that in the modern family these roles are fading. Therefore, this proves that in society today, the functionalist’s views are seen as insignificant as it fails to represent the gender roles in the family today. Additionally, item A suggests...
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...The Rules of Being a Woman For many years, women have been looked at as inferior in comparison to men. Our anatomical differences seem to have come with an instruction sheet on how each gender is expected to behave and live their lives. Lorber suggests rather than looking at just the physical sex organs of our body to determine how we are expected to act, people should look at “behavior and only then look for identifying markers of the people likely to enact such behaviors…” (729). Society has constructed multiple gender roles and when they aren’t met, you would be considered straying away from the norm. Women have always been degraded on due to the stereotypes society has created for them. Some of these stereotypes include the idea that women are domestic, sexual objects, and weaker than men. And between society and those women that have been affected by these stereotypes, we have slowly but gradually figured out how women have overcome these gender roles. In Jessica Grose’s article “Cleaning: The Final Feminist Frontier Why men still don’t do their share of the dirty work” she gives us an overview of the amount of men and women who participate in household chores in the following statistic, “…about 55 percent of American mothers employed full time do some housework on an average day, while only 18 percent of employed fathers do.” So although this percentage has gotten better, assuming back then women were more degraded on when it came to housework, women still take the trophy...
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...LeslieMarie Soliven Ms. Lenton English 100s Mon./Wed. (8:00) Defining gender roles Have you ever noticed the difference in the way kids are categorized in gender? Like blue for boys, Pink for girls and trucks for boys, dolls for girls? Kids are brought up differently based on their gender because of their “Gender roles”. Gender roles are defined as a set of behaviors that indicates one’s gender or the image projected by their masculine and feminine qualities, which are also society’s standards for men and women. Gender roles are what determine our future without us noticing it. The things we do as children impact our future more than we think, so boys and girls should be treated the same from the start. Gender identification is the acknowledgment of what particular gender you or any other individual associate with. There is a distinctive influence that comes with gender identification and society tends to influence to the core of breaking down the gender of an individual into male or female. When we were young, our parents made us play with specific toys based on our gender, for example boys had to play with tools, leggos and cars while girls had to play with dolls and kitchen supplies. As children it seems like the right thing to do to play with the toys within our gender but as we grow older we realize that the reason why boys have to play with tools and leggos and girls have to play with kitchen supplies and dolls is because our future is being chosen for us...
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...something bigger – that we belong to a community. In our world today, we are also encouraged to set ourselves apart from everyone else, to be our unique; our own person, but being different is something that is not generally accepted, the very notion that society brings forth, that we need to be our own person, society also contradicts because you can only be so different – it is as if there is a certain level of difference that can be tolerated, and anything beyond that comfort zone is deemed to be wrong. Today, it has become evident that more people have gathered the courage to defy society’s comfort zones and rise above them. Now, we see an increasing number of homosexuals that are becoming more open about their sexuality, but the question there is, are they coming out of the closet explicitly? Or is it simply an implied action? In the Philippines, we have local scenes that vividly showcase homosexual pride. We see this through the pubs that welcome gay acts to perform every now and then, the parlors whose staff consists primarily of gay stylists, even through the media we see how homosexuality is showcased through the rise of gay showbiz personalities such as Boy Abunda and Vice Ganda. All these examples do in fact show that homosexuals are given great respect in these fields, and that they have been accepted by the majority of the masses, but these people, they have come out to us in a different way – there was no profound declaration of their sexuality, they simply showed it to...
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...When you think of a gift for a little girl, what comes to mind? A Disney Princess DVD? A mountain of pink cupcakes? A toy convertible for Barbie? These are the things that most of us have come to believe that all girls like. These are also the products marketers have created for girls… Notwithstanding the foregoing, there is an ongoing debate about gender-based marketing and in particular with gender-based marketing being focused on young children. . One of the events that triggered this debate was when LEGO came out with a product line for girls called Friends. The TV ad shows wonderful town of Heartlake where “Stephanie” and her friends get to enjoy “all the things girls love”: interior decorating, getting pedicures and baking cupcakes. The sets feature taller and shapelier feminine figurines that lock into pink, purple and pastel green settings, such as a dream house, a splash pool and a beauty shop. LEGO has created this product based on four years of behavioral research. This research purportedly led them to the conclusion that girls like everything pink, romantic and cute [5]. The product has generated outrage. The company was accused by many parents of feeding kids the gender stereotypes and locking them in to blue and pink roles in very young age. Marketing to children is even more of a grey area than marketing to women. When it comes to child psychology the foundation of any debate is the question as to whether their tastes are a product of either nature or...
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