...The city of Wichita has an important decision to make. This decision is vital to each and every person living in or around Wichita. It will affect many people and will adversely affect their health in many ways. Many people have been to a convenience store and purchased a bottle of water, or a restaurant where they ordered a glass of water but few people ever consider what’s in the water. If a customer were to order a glass of water at a restaurant they would expect a glass of clean unadulterated water. For example when you order a glass of tea, several questions are going to follow. “Sweet or Unsweet?”, “Would you like a lemon in your tea”. Almost each and every drink ordered at a restaurant would have a few basic questions with the exception of water. There is not a single question or modification that can or should be made to water. However, what if the waiter asked you, “Do you want some chemical in your water?” Many people would be shocked or even confused on how or what to answer. Still you have another group of people that would firmly say no, and those people may even wonder if they chose the right establishment to patronize. This is the decision that the city of Wichita is pondering. This decision is to decide whether or not to add the chemical, fluoride to the water supply. Fluoride is usually found naturally in low concentration in drinking water and foods. The concentration in seawater averages 1.3 parts per million (ppm). Fresh water supplies generally...
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...people of varying age groups and occupations. The large majority however tend to be young singles and couples, in particular females aged between 14-35 years. Generally bottled water consumers can be described as being more health conscious, contemporary and socially aware. SO WHY DO PEOPLE DRINK BOTTLED WATER? YOU NEED IT Regardless of the seasons and the weather, your need for water remains the same. Remember that 95% of human blood is water. HEALTHY CONCIOUS LIVING In these health conscious days water makes a great contribution to overall hydration.It is fat and kilojoule free and a great thirst quencher, which makes it a great choice for the health conscious consumer. Many people wish to get back to basics and drink something that is refreshing and pure. Some people also wish to avoid certain chemicals used in the treatment of public water supplies, such as chlorine and fluoride, and are therefore turning to the chemical free alternative. CONVENIENCE With the development of more widespread leisure and activities and the expansion of travel, for business and pleasure, consumers are increasingly turning to the convenience of bottled water for their refreshment. TASTE One of the main reasons why people buy bottle water is its taste! With the variation in tastes of the different local water supplies across the country, more people prefer the consistent refreshing taste of bottled water. MORE FACTS ON BOTTLED WATER......
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...Outline • Introduction • History • Physical properties • Nature sources of element • Methods of purification • Commercial and industrial uses • Characteristics • Fluorine’s effect in human body • Environmental effects of fluorine • Citation Self introduce of fluorine Hey everyone! I am so glad have this opportunity to introduce my self to you all. My name is Fluorine, usually people use the symbol F stand for me, and my atomic number is 9. Tell you a secret, my weight is 18.9984. My address in periodic table is period 2, group 17, located in P block. I am also a family member of halogens. And this is my Electron configuration [pic] I got to say that I am not a good boy, I thought I am one of the toughest elements. There is a thing that make me really proud of myself-- I am the most electronegative element,It makes me almost can react with anyone! So people do need lots of care to handle me duo to my extremely reactive and poisonous. So after a brief introduce, do you have interest on me? I believe you do, just keep reading and you gonna know more things about me! HISTORY Around 1670 Fluorine compound was first record to used. They found out that bohemian emerald(CaF2) can etch glass. So Chemists start wonder what cause the material have the ability of etching glass. The first report was made by Andreas Sigismund Marggraf in 1764. He found out when fluorite was heated with sulfuric acid, the resulting solution is...
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...Liquid and Viscous Products: Worksheet The principal display panel of a label must be located on that part of the container normally displayed to the user. The label must contain three basic mandatory statements which must, where applicable, appear in a prescribed manner: Product Identity Declaration. Net Quantity Declaration. Dealer Name and Principal Place Of Business. The product identity and net quantity declarations must appear on the principal display panel. The following sections will discuss these mandatory statements in detail. What To Put on a Label Product Identity Declaration (Common Name) The label must identify the common name of the product in terms of its generic name or function. Except in cases where the product is a test market product, a local product, a specialty product, or a product for which knowledge of a specific language is required, the product identity must be given in both English and French. The product identity declaration must be located on the principal display panel. The product identity declaration must be clearly legible, and meet the requirements for minimum type height. Net Quantity Declaration The net quantity declaration must be located on the principal display panel. The net quantity must be displayed clearly and prominently in distinct contrast to any other information shown on the label. The numerical portion of the net quantity must be in bold face type and meet the minimum type height requirements. ...
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...toothbrush effectively and without damaging the gums. Aggressive tooth-brushing can wear down the enamel and affect the gums. c) Communicate to students that they will need to demonstrate the right way to brush. d) Discuss ways to apply fluoride such as by drinking fluoridated water, by applying fluoride gel, and of course by using fluoride toothpaste. How to Brush: 1. Take a soft or medium toothbrush and hold it firmly at 45-degree angle in your fingertips – not in the palm (Hendrick, 2009). The name of this method is “Bass.” 2. Apply a pea-sized amount of toothpaste with fluoride, about the size of the tip of the baby finger. 3. Brush gently in a circular motion cleaning the front and back side of each tooth. According to Van B. Hayward, DMD, professor in the department of oral rehabilitation in the School of Dentistry at the Medical College of Georgia, “When the protective layer of enamel erodes or gum lines recede, a softer tissue in your teeth called dentin can be left exposed.” Since dentin is connected to the tooth’s inner nerve center, when it becomes exposed, the nerve center can become unprotected and sensitive causing pain (Hendrick, 2009). To prevent caries and prevent gum damage, it is important to practice good oral hygiene, which means brushing properly at least twice a day for two or three minutes and flossing regularly. Flossing Flossing is a skill that can help us...
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...Why Is Water So Important ? [pic] | | |by Alick Bartholomew | | | |Water is the essential component of all life. It comprises 70% of the Earth's surface, 75% of | |the human body, 90% of blood and sap. 97% of Earth's water is in the oceans, 2% is frozen in icecaps, 1% is fresh, but much of | |this is inaccessible, deep in the Earth. From what is | |left, we use 98% for industrial purposes and agriculture, only 2% for the nutrition and health | |of every living organism. | | | |Water's reputation as a powerful solvent | |derives from its particular electromagnetic and chemical qualities, which make it able to break | |down substances into their constituent parts, and | ...
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...SCH4U – The Chemistry of Covalent Bonding Date_____________________ Orbital Hybridization One of the most influential chemistry books ever written was The Nature of the Chemical Bond by Linus Pauling (1901-1994). Published in 1939, Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1954. Pauling received a second Nobel Prize for peace in 1962. Pauling made tremendous contributions to the field of chemistry, and was an outspoken activist against war and nuclear weapons. If you consider the energy level diagram for carbon it presents a problem to the VB theory. If bonds are formed between orbitals that contain unpaired electrons, how many bonds does it appear carbon can form? | | 2 | | 1 | | Since Carbon only has 4 different 4 valence electrons, according to the Aufbau principle, the 2s orbital is filled first, and then the 2p sub shell has 2 orbitals with unpaired electrons. This suggests that Carbon can only form 2 bonds. However Carbon is clearly able to form 4 bonds, as evidenced by any carbon compound (e.g. methane, CH4). Linus Pauling suggested that carbon is able to create four unpaired orbitals by promoting one electron from the 2s orbital to the empty 2pz orbital. This hybridizes the one 2s and three 2p orbitals together. This configuration is called ‘sp3’. Like s and p orbitals, the ‘shape’ of sp3 orbitals can be defined by a probability density map of electron location around the nucleus. The shape of a sp3 orbital looks like this: Since carbon...
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...brush your teeth properly or what can happen if you don’t? How are you supposed to know if you aren’t taught? That is why I will be discussing what materials you need to have for good dental hygiene, what the proper technique is to make sure your teeth are clean, and the harmful effects of not keeping your teeth clean. The first step to good dental hygiene is making sure you have the right materials. A toothbrush is the most important tool you will need. When picking out a toothbrush, you should look to see if the bristles are soft, hard, or maybe in-between. If your teeth are sensitive, you should pick the soft bristles because you could damage your gums if they are too rough. You also need to check to see if your bristles start to fray. If your bristles start to fray that means your toothbrush is old and no longer effective and it’s time to get a new one. Another material you need is floss; floss is just as important as a toothbrush because it gets all the leftover food out from in between your teeth that can cause bad breath or cavities. Toothbrushes are made for the flat surfaces of your teeth and floss is used to get the extra buildup from in-between your teeth. The last important tool needed is toothpaste; without toothpaste you wouldn’t be able to clean your teeth. When looking for toothpaste you should check to see if it has fluoride in it because fluoride is an extra liquid that stays on your teeth all night and helps prevent cavities. The second step is to make sure...
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...Colgate Max Fresh 1. After P&G lunched Crest, fluoride toothpaste on the U.S market, CP had some problems with distribution therapeutic products, because of P&G`s patent on this technology. As a result, CP hat to concede this market to Crest. During the next period of time Colgate was focused on developing its business internationally and quickly got a success in the most global markets. After 1990s all producers could use fluoride in their products. In 1997 CP launched Colgate Total as a premium product with a 12 hours teeth protection. This product was very popular on the market. But CP wasn`t going to stop improving their product. In late 2002 a new toothpaste formula was invented. This product was launched as Colgate Max Fresh. This product was really unique; it utilized its patented technology of dissolvable mini breath strips as a point of differentiation. CMF provided protection against a full range of oral health problems and it was a convenient alternative to traditional mouth fresheners. Cavity/fluoride protection was a key benefit for the customers, but Colgate presented their product firstly for freshening a breath and secondly for whitening. The importance of whitening segment was growing, CP considered it can be the “the price of entry” with any premium – priced product launch. The technology of strips was very strong on the market, but because of high manufacturing costs on the emerging markets, CP should have created cost-optimized formula. The next...
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...Practicing Oral Health i. Why did you choose this health behavior? The main reason I choose this behavior is because I think taking care of your mouth is the upmost important thing to do as it can affect other parts of your body. I have always taken care of my teeth to avoid the dentist as much as possible and keep cavities at a bare minimum. Oral hygiene is important to keep up with because nobody wants to have rotten teeth. We all want a perfect smile without stained or cavity filled teeth so why not take care of them right the first time so never have to get false teeth. For me, oral hygiene is one of the first things I ever think of and I hope other people feel the same so they can have long lasting teeth and avoid the dangerous cancers and gum diseases. The potential epidemiology of oral hygiene can always lead to a disaster of things by simply ignoring it or putting things in a mouth that causes negative health issues. The epidemiology of oral health is influenced by age, sex, origin which is associated with oral cancer risk and established risk factors including alcohol and tobacco use, for example. Additionally, possible associations between oral cancer risk and oral hygiene, diet, nutritional status, and sexual behavior as well as the influence of genetic factors on oral cancer risk are considered (NIDCR Home). Oral health also has an effect on other persistent diseases. Because of the failure to tackle social and material determinants and incorporate oral...
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...Pediatric Dentistry LLC, the premier children’s dentist serving the La Crosse, WI area, is a passionate advocate of good dental care. One reason why it’s important for children to see a dentist on a regular basis is to start the early prevention of cavities. During that first visit, which is recommended to occur before the child’s first birthday, parents will receive information on proper brushing and flossing techniques, fluoride use, and diet options to fend off cavities. Another benefit of regular appointments to the children’s dentist is tracking the development of teeth and gums. The caring and friendly staff at La Crosse Pediatric Dentistry LLC take a preventative approach by identifying any problems, including signs of tooth decay, overcrowding and other potential concerns....
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...EXPERIMENT 1 DETERMINATION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN IN WATER INTRODUCTION The dissolved oxygen content is an important index when considering its suitability for town supply. A good clean potable water will give dissolved oxygen value close to the theoretical value for the saturated solution of oxygen in water. When there is pollution from organic matter and other trade effluents, the dissolved oxygen is up in various biochemical oxidation processes and its is only slowly replaced through surface absorption. Such water will give a low dissolved oxygen content until oxidation is completed. Adequate dissolved oxygen is necessary for the life of fish and other aquatic organisms. The methods described below for the determination of oxygen in water is based on that devised by Winkler. When manganese hydroxide is precipitated in the water sample it is quickly oxidized to higher hydrated oxides (probably in the four valent state) by the dissolve oxygen. Iodine, equivalent to the dissolved oxygen content, is then liberated on acidification in the presence of iodine, and it may be titrated with standard thio‐sulphate. INTERFERENCES AND PRE – TREATMENT Most oxidising and reducing substances e.g dissolved organic substances, nitrite ions, higher‐valency manganese compounds, active chlorine, sulphide and sulphite ions, iron (II) and irons interfere. The influence of the dissolved organic substances can be excluded by conversion of the manganese hydroxides...
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...Why Choose Our West Chester, PA Dental Practice Our West Chester, PA dental team is dedicated to helping you achieve the results you need. We can help you and your family improve your appearance, regain functionality, and boost your oral health. We can also do all of that while helping you stay comfortable and relaxed! Our patients enjoy coming to K.C. Sykora DDS - Family and Implant Dentistry because of the high-quality, comfortable care they receive while they are here. Come visit us for your dental needs if you are looking for a practice that employs the latest technology, a friendly staff, and top-notch dental techniques. The Latest Technology We use the latest technology to help you get the top-quality dental care you deserve. We use...
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...knowledge. However, the extent that the knowledge can understand is greatly limited because it doest not come with experience. The academic knowledge is not well enough to complete with real world. It was a great opportunity to experience of practical related work to an appraisal of Colgate toothpaste Company. 1. Background Though we are the student of school of business in under graduate program (Bachelor of Business Administration) We have to do innovate our potentiality to develop our skill in various sources such as Report making, preparing financial statement of different kinds of organization. It is our academic part to prepare a report on “Factors influencing consumer behavior specially focuses on Colgate toothpaste” that’s why we prepare it. 2. Significance It enhances our knowledge base. It gives us a broad idea about marketing analysis. 1.3. Scope of the report Today's business world is a place of challenge. Challenge and problem can come from anywhere & anytime. Marketing prepare people to cope with the competition. 1.4. Objective of the Report 1.4.1 Broad Objective: To identify the factor those influence the consumer behavior to buy a product or service. 1.4.2 Specific Objectives: The broader objective may be broken down into further specific objectives enlisted as follows: o To know the using time of Colgate tooth paste o To find the price suitability based on the economic situation of Bangladesh o To find the...
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...CASE Procter & Gamble, Inc. Scope As Gwen Hearst looked at the year-end report, she was pleased to see that Scope held a 32 percent share of the Canadian mouthwash market for 1990. She had been concerned about the inroads that Plax, a prebrushing rinse, had made in the market. Since its introduction in 1988, Plax had gained a 10 percent share of the product category and posed a threat to Scope. As brand manager, Hearst planned, developed, and directed the total marketing effort for Scope, Procter & Gamble's (P&G) brand in the mouthwash market. She was responsible for maximizing the market share, volume, and profitability of the brand. Until the entry of Plax, brands in the mouthwash market were positioned around two major benefits: fresh breath and killing germs. Plax was positioned around a new benefit-as a "plaque fighter"-and indications were that other brands, such as Listerine, were going to promote this benefit. The challenge for Hearst was to develop a strategy that would ensure the continued profitability of Scope in the face of these competitive threats. Her specific task was to prepare a marketing plan for P&G's mouthwash business for the next three years. It was early February 1991, and she would be presenting the plan to senior management in March. ■ COMPANY BACKGROUND Based on a philosophy of providing products of superior quality and value...
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