...Why looks are the last bastion of discrimination ! By Deborah L. Rhode Published: Sunday, May 23, 2010 In the 19th century, many American cities banned public appearances by "unsightly" individuals. A Chicago ordinance was typical: "Any person who is diseased, maimed, mutilated, or in any way deformed, so as to be an unsightly or disgusting subject . . . shall not . . . expose himself to public view, under the penalty of a fine of $1 for each offense." Although the government is no longer in the business of enforcing such discrimination, it still allows businesses, schools and other organizations to indulge their own prejudices. Over the past half-century, the United States has expanded protections against discrimination to include race, religion, sex, age, disability and, in a growing number of jurisdictions, sexual orientation. Yet bias based on appearance remains perfectly permissible in all but one state and six cities and counties. Across the rest of the country, looks are the last bastion of acceptable bigotry. We all know that appearance matters, but the price of prejudice can be steeper than we often assume. In Texas in 1994, an obese woman was rejected for a job as a bus driver when a company doctor assumed she was not up to the task after watching her, in his words, "waddling down the hall." He did not perform any agility tests to determine whether she was, as the company would later claim, unfit to evacuate the bus in the event of an accident...
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...Sean Walker Anders Enc 1101 15 August 2013 Counter-acting the “Looks” Discrimination In the essay “Why Looks are the Last Bastion of Discrimination” Rhodes makes the argument that while discrimination against individuals based on race, religion, sexual orientation, etc. have been addressed, discrimination based upon one’s physical appearance has largely been ignored until recently. She gives several examples of specific cases where individuals were terminated from or passed over for employment based on issues of weight. Though some of these cases have much validity it is important to remember that there are certain professors where a major qualification is appearance. Certainly we will never see the day where fashion models are hired solely on their ability to walk down a runway. The key to eliminating “looks” discrimination is to focus on situations where said discrimination is actually non-essential to the job. In “Why Looks are the Last Bastion of Discrimination”, the author notes a particular case of discrimination, “In Michigan, for example, a Hooters waitress sued the chain after she was told to lose weight and improve her looks. Lawyers For hooters argued that employees at the restaurant – who wear tank tops and tight shorts – are entertainers as much as servers,” Rhodes, Debra L. 246. This passage denotes a situation in which attractiveness is directly related to the job. The women working at Hooters are not only needed to be effective waitresses but to also be...
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...Comprehension Q1. Why, according to Rhode, are looks "the last bastion of acceptable bigotry? A1. According to Rhode, looks are not the last bastion of acceptable bigotry. Q2. Why does the government allow organizations to engage in appearance discrimination? A2. The government allows organizations to engage in appearance discrimination to indulge their own prejudices. Q3. What forms of discrimination do unattractive people face? A3. Unattractive people are less likely to be hired and promoted. They also earn lower salaries, even in fields in which looks have nothing to do with the professional duties. Q4. Why do people object to banning discrimination based on appearance? How does Rhode address these objections. A4. Banning discrimination based on appearance because of people who are diseased, maimed, mutilated, or deformed where exposing themselves in public. Rhode address these objections if they expose themselves in public view, under the penalty of a fine of a dollar for each offense. Q5. According to Rhode, how effective are laws that prohibit appearance discrimination? What positive effects might they have? A5. The laws are unevenly enforced; they have had a positive effect by publicizing and remedying the worst abuses. Purpose and Audience Q1. Does Rhode assume that her readers are aware of the problem she discusses? How can you tell. A1. Yes, because she say, We all know that appearance matters but the pride of prejudice can rejected...
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...Comprehension Q1. Why, according to Rhode, are looks "the last bastion of acceptable bigotry? A1. According to Rhode, looks are not the last bastion of acceptable bigotry. Q2. Why does the government allow organizations to engage in appearance discrimination? A2. The government allows organizations to engage in appearance discrimination to indulge their own prejudices. Q3. What forms of discrimination do unattractive people face? A3. Unattractive people are less likely to be hired and promoted. They also earn lower salaries, even in fields in which looks have nothing to do with the professional duties. Q4. Why do people object to banning discrimination based on appearance? How does Rhode address these objections. A4. Banning discrimination based on appearance because of people who are diseased, maimed, mutilated, or deformed where exposing themselves in public. Rhode address these objections if they expose themselves in public view, under the penalty of a fine of a dollar for each offense. Q5. According to Rhode, how effective are laws that prohibit appearance discrimination? What positive effects might they have? A5. The laws are unevenly enforced; they have had a positive effect by publicizing and remedying the worst abuses. Purpose and Audience Q1. Does Rhode assume that her readers are aware of the problem she discusses? How can you tell. A1. Yes, because she say, We all know that appearance matters but the pride of prejudice can rejected...
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...One observation I made about the authors response to prejudice in “Just Walk On By” was that the author, Staples, seemed accustomed to the racial discrimination he often faced. He started to view these incidents of prejudice as quite commonly occurring. A second observation about the authors response to prejudice is that he chooses, perhaps unconsciously, to remain a shadow to the subject. Staples states, Timid, but a survivor. Lastly in “Why Looks are the Last Bastion of Discrimination”, Rhodes seems to feel that appearance related bias exacerbates disadvantages based on gender, race, ethnicity, age, sexual orientation and class. She doesn’t seem to understand why not simply ban prejudice based on appearance. One question I had about the narrator in “Girl” was what situation was she placed in to result in being told such belittling comments and instructions? Perhaps getting these orders from a master? A question I had about the paragraph structure was why was it just one large run on sentence blurb of writing? Why not any sentence structure at all? My opinion of “Just Walk On By” was that I thought it was a rather sad reading considering that such events that Staples had experienced actually do occur in everyday life. I view it as a disgrace. I was appalled to hear in “Why Looks are the Last Bastion of Discrimination” all the events in which people were targeted for their appearance alone. Especially in the work force. Mostly the only qualities that should matter when...
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...How could a Titan God mould mankind out of clay? This is something Prometheus was capable of; he was someone very similar to Victor Frankenstein. Frankenstein by Mary Shelley is the story of a man, Victor, who is far more intelligent than others and fascinated with the creation of life. After much time, he creates his monster that rejected by Victor and society. From his rejection, he plans to get revenge on Victory and mankind alone. There are many thematic ideas that arise during this novel. However, the two main themes are risky knowledge and secrecy which makes the novel easier to identify with. The consequences of arrogance are portrayed through the intelligent person which is seen mostly through Victor who goes above and beyond what the average person. The value of technology and invention is obviously observed through Victor’s creation “the monster”. Lastly, the loss of relationships is a main issue that not only Victor experiences. In Frankenstein, there is much value still alive today through the issues of risky knowledge and secrecy which is revealed by arrogance of intelligence, value of technology, and loss of relationships. The issue of arrogance through the intelligentsia is developed in several places throughout the novel. Victor is most easily identified with this issue because of his starvation for knowledge which he satisfies at the University of Ingolstadt. “My departure was therefore fixed at an early date; but, before the day resolved upon could arrive...
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...People Section I: What is more cliché than the statement, “[i]t hurts to be beautiful” (Rhode, The Beauty Bias)? However, I find it more truthful to say, “[i]t hurts not to be beautiful” (Rhode, The Beauty Bias). Our society places a high level of importance on appearance and if you are unfortunate enough to not fit the mold then that becomes a problem. Men and women are forced to meet a set of standards that society will view as acceptable. However, women are more often discriminated against for their looks and are held to higher standards than men. It is as if the media industry and our culture “will never be satisfied and will always expect more” (Smithy). Our country, with the exception of “only one state and six cities or counties,” has no laws or policies forbidding discrimination based on appearance (Rhode, The Beauty Bias). This is ridiculous seeing as how I believe that the beauty bias is becoming one of the most common forms of discrimination today. Our society has become that of a clown. Our painted faces, hiding our true selves, are turning our world into a show. Who can put on the best performance and allow others to laugh at those who have been sprayed in the face with the unkind prejudices from the flower called society? Deborah L. Rhode clearly depicts the issue of the beauty bias in our society through many examples and reinforces the idea that so many individuals before have had; something in our society needs to change. Section II: The Beauty...
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...AP3: Homework over break We are reviewing the different modes (or ways) or writing. Thus far, we have discussed narration, description, and exemplification. We will continue on with exemplification and introduce process writing. 1. Read our last exemplification essay: “Why Looks are the Last Bastion of Discrimination” on page 429. Answer the “Style and Structure,” “Style and Structure” and the “Combining the Patterns.” 2. Process writing: Read the background information on how to write a process essay: pages 263-278. Either print out the notes below (see the page below) or copy them by hand and fill in the blanks. 3. Process: Read Malcolm X’s “My First Conk” on page 281. Do the Purpose and Audience and style and structure questions. 4. Process: Read Piven, Borgenicht, and Worick’s “How to Decorate Your Room When You’re Broke” on page 290. Do the Purpose and Audience and style and structure questions. I hope you have a very happy and restful break. You deserve it! ( See the page below for the notes for process writing. Process writing (pages _____________) I. Overview: A process essay __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A. Puts events in ___________________________ order ...
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...Doubtless we all need a lot more time for sheer sloth and slack than we ever enjoy now, regardless of income or occupation, but once recovered from employment-induced exhaustion nearly all of us want to act. Oblomovism and Stakhanovism are two sides of the same debased coin. The ludic life is totally incompatible with existing reality. So much the worse for “reality,” the gravity hole that sucks the vitality from the little in life that still distinguishes it from mere survival. Curiously—or maybe not—all the old ideologies are conservative because they believe in work. Some of them, like Marxism and most brands of anarchism, believe in work all the more fiercely because they believe in so little else. Liberals say we should end employment discrimination. I say we should end employment. Conservatives support right-towork laws. Following Karl Marx’s wayward son-in-law Paul Lafargue I support the right to be lazy. Leftists favor full employment. Like the surrealists—except that I’m not kidding—I favor full unemployment. Trotskyists agitate for permanent revolution. I agitate for permanent revelry. But if all the ideologues (as they do) advocate work—and not only because they plan to make other people do theirs—they are strangely reluctant to say so. They will carry on endlessly about wages,...
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...PORTUGUESE AND LUSO-ASIAN LEGACIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA, 1511-2011 28-30 September 2010 Singapore (ISEAS) and Melaka (UiTM) THURSDAY, 30 Sept. VENUE: LISBON HOTEL, MELAKA LISBON 2 MEETING ROOM PANEL 10 Malacca / Melaka: The Ongoing Challenges of Understanding the Past Chair: Dato’ Dr Mohd Yusof Ahmad Director, Institute of ASEAN Studies and Global Affairs (INSPAG), FSPPP, Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia Commentators: Prof Badriyah Haji Salleh Faculty of Human Sciences, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia Dato’ Prof Dr Qasim Ahmad Faculty of Administrative Science and Policy Studies (FSPPP), Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia Abstract of paper presented: Enemies, Friends, and Relations: Portuguese-Eurasians during Malacca’s Dutch Era and Beyond Mr Dennis DeWitt Management Consultant and Author, Selangor, Malaysia Introduction The Portuguese and the Dutch were age-old enemies and remnants of the historical political and religious competition between the two nations can still be found in the culture and heritage of the Portuguese-Eurasian community in Malacca. Margaret Sarkissian said it best when she observed that whenever the history of the Malacca Portuguese-Eurasian community touches on the Dutch era, people from this community would invoke the brief tale of the cruelty of Dutchmen who “inflicted a period of religious persecution upon the hardy Portuguese, reduced them to subsistence fisherfolk, forced...
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...Journal of American Studies, 45 (2011), 1, 113–129 f Cambridge University Press 2010 doi:10.1017/S0021875810001271 First published online 19 July 2010 Jazz as a Black American Art Form : Definitions of the Jazz Preservation Act JEFF FARLEY Jazz music and culture have experienced a surge in popularity after the passage of the Jazz Preservation Act (JPA) in 1987. This resolution defined jazz as a black American art form, thus using race, national identity, and cultural value as key aspects in making jazz one of the nation’s most subsidized arts. Led by new cultural institutions and educational programs, millions of Americans have engaged with the history and canon of jazz that represent the values endorsed by the JPA. Record companies, book publishers, archivists, academia, and private foundations have also contributed to the effort to preserve jazz music and history. Such preservation has not always been a simple process, especially in identifying jazz with black culture and with America as a whole. This has required a careful balancing of social and musical aspects of jazz. For instance, many consider two of the most important aspects of jazz to be the blues aesthetic, which inevitably expresses racist oppression in America, and the democratic ethic, wherein each musician’s individual expression equally contributes to the whole. Balanced explanations of race and nationality are useful not only for musicologists, but also for musicians and teachers wishing to use jazz as an example...
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...12:06 Page 1 WOMEN, GENDER AND WORK People are not defined solely by their work, nor is it possible to ignore the effects of factors outside the workplace on a person's status at work. To seek equality at work without seeking equality in the larger society – and at home – is illusory.Thus an examination of the issues surrounding women, gender and work must be holistic. That means considering the role of productive work in life as a whole and the distribution of unpaid work as well as the myriad questions relating to employment. This important anthology brings together the thinking of leading philosophers, economists and lawyers on this complex subject. Selected recent articles from the multidisciplinary International Labour Review are assembled for the first time to illuminate questions such as how we should define equality, what equal opportunity means and what statistics tell us about differences between men and women at work, how the family confronts globalization and what is the role of law in achieving equality. There is an examination of policy – to deal with sexual harassment and wage inequality, for example, as well as part-time work, the glass ceiling, social security, and much more. A major reference on the best of current research and analysis on gender roles and work. Martha Fetherolf Loutfi has been Editor-in-Chief of the International Labour Review, a Senior Economist for the Brandt Commission and in the ILO’s Employment and Development...
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...Introduction To Sociology II notes by Mutangi G T Sociology is the study of human social life. Because human social life is so expansive, sociology has many sub-sections of study, ranging from the analysis of conversations to the development of theories to try to understand how the entire world works. This chapter will introduce you to sociology and explain why it is important, how it can change your perspective of the world around you, and give a brief history of the discipline. History Sociology is a relatively new academic discipline. It emerged in the early 19th century in response to the challenges of modernity. Increasing mobility and technological advances resulted in the increasing exposure of people to cultures and societies different from their own. The impact of this exposure was varied, but for some people included the breakdown of traditional norms and customs and warranted a revised understanding of how the world works. Sociologists responded to these changes by trying to understand what holds social groups together and also explore possible solutions to the breakdown of social solidarity. Early Sociological Studies Early sociological studies considered the field to be similar to the natural sciences like physics or biology. As a result, many researchers argued that the methodology used in the natural sciences were perfectly suited for use in the social sciences, including Sociology. The effect of employing the scientific method and stressing empiricism was the...
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...Th e T yranny of Gui lt • Pa s c a l B ru c k n e r Translated from the French by s t ev e n r e n da l l The tyranny of Guilt An Essay on Western Masochism • P r i n c e t o n u n i v e r si t y P r e s s Princeton and Oxford english translation copyright © 2010 by Princeton university Press First published as La tyrannie de la pénitence: essai sur le masochisme occidental by Pascal Bruckner, copyright © 2006 by Grasset & Fasquelle Published by Princeton university Press, 41 William street, Princeton, new Jersey 08540 in the united kingdom: Princeton university Press, 6 oxford street, Woodstock, oxfordshire OX20 1TW press.princeton.edu all rights reserved library of congress cataloging-in-Publication data Bruckner, Pascal. [tyrannie de la pénitence. english] The tyranny of guilt: an essay on Western masochism / Pascal Bruckner; translated from the French by steven rendall. p. cm. includes index. isBn 978-0-691-14376-7 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. civilization, Western— 20th century. 2. civilization, Western—21st century. 3. international relations—Moral and ethical aspects. 4. Western countries—Foreign relations. 5. Western countries—intellectual life. 6. Guilt 7. self-hate (Psychology) 8. World politics. i. title. CB245.B7613 2010 909’.09821--dc22 2009032666 British library cataloging-in-Publication data is available cet ouvrage, publié dans le cadre d’un programme d’aide à la publication, bénéficie du soutien du Ministère des affaires étrangères et du service...
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...This eBook has been published by: [pic] Publishing Date: 2004 ISBN# 1-59547-129-4 Please see my website for several e-books created for education, research and entertainment. Most eBooks are available in paperback. Specializing in rare, out-of-print books still in demand. Contact: sales@nuvisionpublications.com URL: http://www.nuvisionpublications.com The Age of Innocence By Edith Wharton (1920) Table of Contents Book I Chapter I. 5 Chapter II. 11 Chapter III. 16 Chapter IV. 22 Chapter V. 27 Chapter VI. 35 Chapter VII. 41 Chapter VIII. 47 Chapter IX. 54 Chapter X. 64 Chapter XI. 73 Chapter XII. 80 Chapter XIII. 91 Chapter XIV. 97 Chapter XV. 103 Chapter XVI. 112 Chapter XVII. 120 Chapter XVIII. 129 Book II Chapter XIX. 141 Chapter XX. 150 Chapter XXI. 160 Chapter XXII. 171 Chapter XXIII. 178 Chapter XXIV. 187 Chapter XXV. 192 Chapter XXVI. 200 Chapter XXVII. 210 Chapter XXVIII. 216 Chapter XXIX. 222 Chapter XXX. 229 Chapter XXXI. 238 Chapter XXXII. 249 Chapter XXXIII. 258 Chapter XXXIV. 271 Book I Chapter I. On a January evening of the early seventies, Christine Nilsson was singing in Faust at the Academy of Music in New York. Though there was already talk of the erection, in remote metropolitan distances...
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