...The use of unmanned aircraft goes back 164 years, when Austria used pilotless balloons to drop bombs on Venice in 1849. However, for most people, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) came out of nowhere. What began as a popular imaginative concept for military use has come into being and has grown exponentially in numbers as well as sophistication.In many ways, UAVs are a bit like computers. First they were rare and now they are everywhere. While certain military journalists would say the use of UAVs has positively impacted many levels of military air support others would argue that UAVs have had a destructive effect. Evidence from sources will be compiled throughout this essay to explain the positive versus negative effects that the UAVs have and of the two effects have a larger reward for military purpose. According to American Scientist Larry Greenmeier , “ The September 11, 2001 attacks initiated an outbreak of advances in military technology over the past decade that has helped the U.S. and its allies redefine modern warfare”. UAVs have had a greater impact on America's missions in the Middle East than conventional aircraft. The following several ideas are what military specialist Dadney. B , Asymmetric Operations Fellow Robert Froust , congressional research associate Elizabeth Bone and congressional specialist in National Defense Christopher Bolkcom believe have lead to the military’s unprecedented levels of usage of UAVs instead of conventional aircraft throughout the...
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...Ryan Krupansky Krupansky 1 Mr.Esposito English 10 2/20/14 Drones sweeping the nation “Unmanned aircraft help save time, save money, and not to mention saving lives.” States Ben Gielow, general counsel of Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI) (Kimery2). Drones have not been around for long periods of time but they have been used quite frequently in America. Government programs, like the military, have currently been the major use for drones. The drones either deliver a military strike or spy behind enemy lines. Some people oppose their use, citing that they are harmful and kill innocent people in blind foreign strikes; and some people say its getting the job done. Although generally Americans support the use of drones, many are on the fence about drones and arguing still continues. Opposers to drones do say accidents happen, but really the question should be how often? Drones harness the potential around the world to bring people to a new age of technology. Domestic drones should be used for public and recreational use. Domestic drones are the new generation of technology in the twenty-first century. They attempt to help everyday citizens. They can also assist people by creating new businesses and helping people do difficult tasks; such as making scientific discoveries, helping the U.S. economy by creating new jobs and industry, or even assisting the ones who save our lives and keep us safe. A 2013 report by the Association for Unmanned...
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...Drone Strikes, Effective Weapon in the War on Terrorism? William DeJarnette United States Diplomatic History November 21, 2014 September 7, 2009, in Machi Khel in Mir Ali, North Waziristan, Pakistan. At 20,000 feet death silently, stealthily, knifed its way through the afternoon sky. Two drones, operated by American Air Force drone pilots 7,000 miles away in Nevada, USA, had been hovering over the area throughout the day. Modern warfare and the fight against terrorism were about to greet Sadaullah Wazir and his family as they reentered their home after evening prayers in the garden. Moments later an explosive concussion from missiles launched by the drones rocked the neighborhood and body parts flew in every direction. Senior al Qaeda leader Ilyas Kashmiri was killed in his car as it entered the village. However, injured in the attack at the same time were fifteen-year-old Sadaullah and several others. Three of Wazir’s family members were killed. Wazir awoke in a hospital the next day, minus both legs and an eye. Objective met, target Kashmiri eliminated. Collateral damage is just another acceptable part of the plan. The Living Under Drones project interviewed Khalid Raheem, an elder in his community in Pakistan. Raheem is bewildered by the current state of affairs in his country. He states that they knew nothing about where the US was or what type of people lived there. They did know that the US supported the Taliban in their fight against the Soviets, until the Soviets...
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...The Strategic Use of Drones in Modern Warfare Caleb E. Moore IS 3310 Troy University Author Note This article is intended solely for research and will have no biased opinions. Table of Contents 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Title page. 2------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Table of Contents. 3-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract. 4-5 --------------------------------------------The Strategic Use of Drones in Modern Warfare. 5-6 ----------------------------------------------------------The Effectiveness of Drone Warfare. 6-7 –-----------------------------------------------------------------The Financial Cost of Drones. 7-8 –-----------------------------------------------------The Operational Capabilities of Drones. 8-9 –-------------------------------------------------------------------- Fueling Anti-Americanism. 9-10-------------------------------------------------------The Limitations of Drone Capabilities. 10-12 –------------------------------------------------------------------------The Future of Drones. 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reference Page. Abstract The emergence of drone warfare has completely revolutionized the strategy of our military surveillance and fights overseas. This study is intended to analyze...
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...Joel Perez Professor Stoil Organizing War December 12, 2014 What have been the chief motivations behind the development and deployment of unmanned technologies and what are the chief drawbacks in this policy? With the advancements in robotics, unmanned battlefield technology seems to be the military’s newest obsession. This policy of unmanned vehicles came to the attention of the American public with heavy drone use under President Barack Obama’s administration but unmanned technology has been around for decades. The only difference is that now the military is pouring more money into research and development of these types of technologies. The current five-year budget is set at $23,883.2 billion or about $4.8 billion per year on unmanned air, ground and maritime systems (Lewis). The Department of Defense defines unmanned aircraft as “an aircraft or balloon that does not carry a human operator and is capable of flight under remote control or autonomous programming.” Around the world, militaries are continuing to use drones because they believe the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. According to Lieutenant Colonel David B. Glade, unmanned technologies “will be able to conduct military operations in a more efficient and less risky fashion than was the case when aircraft[s] were piloted by humans” (Glade, 1). More importantly, he states, “it is possible that the United States will be able to build military systems […] which can conduct military operations without human...
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...The Drone Strikes Again Take a moment and imagine this: for every terrorist killed by a U.S. drone strike, 50 Pakistani civilians fall victims to these ruthless attacks. According to an article written by David Kilcullen and Andrew McDonald from the NY Times, “press reports suggest that over the last three years drone strikes have killed about 14 terrorist leaders. But, according to Pakistani sources, they have also killed some 700 civilians. This is 50 civilians for every militant killed, a hit rate of 2 percent — hardly “precision”” (Killcullen, McDonald 9). Regardless if the number of casualties of innocent people caused by drone strikes has increased or decreased, the policy itself should be eliminated if there is even the slightest chance that innocent lives will be at stake. Kant was not a consequentialist theorist; in other words, he believed that despite the outcome of an action being good or bad, what was important was the premeditated idea behind the action, was it right or wrong, unrelated to the consequences. Therefore, if actions are not based on consequences, Kant’s theory would support the argument that using drone tactics to eliminate terrorists is morally unacceptable, for the following reasons: the U.S. military is using drone tactics against terrorist without their consent, and innocent lives are being taken at the push of a button. As humans, our moral duty is to treat people in such a way that shows them respect, as though they are autonomous beings with...
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...Warfare: Case Study; Drone Warfare Advancements in warfare technology and weaponry have been the defining factors in battle since the dawn of civilization. The one with the bigger gun usually wins. This is a fact that hasn’t changed much since the beginnings of warfare and holds true today and in today’s world Drones have become the next warfare advantage. Along with any advancement in warfare weaponry comes a very heated and controversial discussion about its actual real-world utilization. Many argue that the use of Drones in war is unmoral and unethical. This paper aims to take a closer look at both sides of this argument. First, I will establish and explain the moral arguments against the use of drone warfare, then the second half of the article will be in response to such claims and give the moral reasons behind the pro-drone argument. First and foremost of the anti-drone discussion is the fact that Drones are seen to be fundamentally in contradiction of international law: Amnesty International stated that that “deliberate killings by drones […] very likely violate the prohibition of arbitrary deprivation of life and may constitute extrajudicial executions.” The UN suggested focused effort to maintain and preserve the security of international laws in its entirety, in response to the use of drones. This incorporates, obviously, international human rights and humanitarian standards that seem to be thrown out the window when dealing with drone strikes in warfare. Equipped...
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...FEIT31272 Project Management and the Professional Assignment 1 | Ethics of UAVs | 11035425 Ngo, Kevin 11035502 Truong, Matthew | Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Introduction 2 Overview 3 Definition 3 History of UAV 4 Civil Use 7 Background: 8 Small Picture Ethics 9 Big Picture Ethics 12 Deontology. 12 Relativism 15 Virtue ethics 17 Future use: 19 Recommendation 21 Individual Opinion 22 Kevin Ngo 22 Matthew Truong 25 Reference List 27 Executive Summary Introduction Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can generally be defined as a “device used or intended to be used for flight in the air that has no on-board pilot”. Current generations of UAVs “can be as small as an insect or as large as a charter flight”. They can be launched from a road or a small vehicle, but are often large enough to accommodate cameras, sensors or other information gathering equipment. Recently, discussions of UAVs have shifted most of the attention toward the ethical, legal and privacy implications that UAVs have, on society in global and domestic level. Overview Definition ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- There are many various terms used to identify these unmanned vehicles to which by its definition are that of a craft without a human pilot within. The most commonly accepted term would be UAV ( unmanned aerial vehicles); the US military much prefer...
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...Artificial Intelligence and The Future of Humanity Artificial intelligence is the human-like intelligence demonstrated by machines and man made software. The artificial intelligence field is interdisciplinary meaning that it combines two or more academic disciplines or fields of study, in which a number and professions mesh together, including computer science, psychology, linguistics, philosophy and neuroscience, as well as other specialized fields such as artificial psychology. Major artificial intelligence researchers and textbooks define this field as the study and design of intelligent agents, where as an intelligence agent is a system that checks out its environment and takes the necessary actions that maximizes the chances of success(Artificial Intelligence, A.G. Cohn, R. Dechter). Now, this person John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1955, defined it as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines. Artificial intelligence research is very highly technical and specialized, and is deeply divided into sub fields that usually often fail to communicate with each other. Some of the division is due to social and cultural factors meaning that it will or will not function because of our multicultural race. Some sub fields have grown up around particular institutions and the work of individual researchers. Artificial intelligence research is also divided by several technical issues. Some sub fields focus on the solution of specific problems. Others focus on one...
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...Drones Technology: An Emerging Wireless Communication Trend at Workplace Allison Maestas BIS/221 March 14th, 2016 Lisa Ricks Introduction Emerging Technologies: Emerging technologies are type of new era technology which is currently developing or will be developed over next five to ten years. Emerging technologies have potential to alter business and social environment. These include IT, Wireless data communication, robotics, and bio-technologies. Drone is best example of emerging IT and wireless data transfer technology. It helps humans in many ways despite fact it has many drawbacks also. Drone technology is a type of emerging technology in which we feed commands in a flying object controlled by wireless controller. It helps us plenty of ways like Policing, delivery, entertainment, surveillance & surveying, agriculture, journalism, arts, firefighting, and nonmilitary security work (Byman, 2013). The reason for using these drones is that they are cheaper and more durable than helicopters due to their mechanical simplicity. Delivery drones are type of drones which is used to send medicines or other necessary stuff at faraway places where presence of human is hazardous for his life for example RQ-7 Shadow is capable of delivering a 20 lb (09.1 kg) “Quick MEDS” canister to front line troops. Professional Usage of Drone Technology at Workplace: The development of Unmanned Aerial Automobiles permitted the world to consider of innovative techniques to implement mutual...
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...Domestic Drone Exploration Presented by Team B Jamie Eads Daniel Flores Cindy Greer Amanda Hall August 24, 2014 DeVry University Technology, Society, and Culture LAS432 Professor: Dr. Kenneth Melichar TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION 3 II. DESCRIPTION OF TECHNOLOGY Amanda 4 III. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT Amanda 6 IV. CONTEXT OF THE TECHNOLOGY Amanda 7 V. POLITICAL INFLUENCE Cindy 15 VI. LEGAL INFLUENCE Cindy 17 VII. ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCE Cindy 22 VIII. ECONOMY OF DRONE Jaime 23 VIIII. PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS Daniel 32 X. SOCIOLOGICAL AFFECTS Daniel 36 INTRODUCTION Technology is applying science to improve on an existing task to make it easier. Technology can be used for all types of things, from science applications to mechanical engineering. Changing the way something is done often improves it. This is the heart of technology. Technology has evolved into nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is a “technology executed on the scale of less than 100 nanometers, the goal of which is to control individual atoms and molecules, especially to computer chips and other microscopic devices.” Nanotechnology may one day improve the quality of life, thereby extending the life span of humans, by using “small autonomous robot, or nanobot, that can be sent into the human body to repair cells and cure cancers.” (nanotechnology). It is the continued advancement in nanotechnology that has been used to downsize the combative drones that we associate...
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...September 11, 2001 will be a day that none of us forget for as long as we live. It is a day that each of us will remember exactly what we were doing when we heard the news reports. Hijacked planes crashed into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center, another one into the Pentagon and a forth plane crashed into a field in Pennsylvania, failing to reach its intended target because of heroic passengers. With nearly 3,000 civilians murdered, the United States began the “War on Terror” that targeted organizations designated as terrorist and those regimes accused of supporting them. The “War on Terror” took the fight to the mountains of Afghanistan and the deserts of Iraq. The Theory of Just War is an ethical look to help determine whether the use of armed forces is justified or unjustified. This Theory is guided by three sets of criteria: the right to go war (jus ad bellum), the rules of engagement of war (jus in bello) and justice after war (jus post bellum). While these wars have been surrounded with controversy and claims of being unjust, the “War on Terror” is a just war that does not exceed the moral boundaries set in the Just War Theory and today's society? The first criterion for a just war is the right to go to war. Is there a just cause? Will war be declared by a competent authority? Has all other options for peace been exhausted? What are the chances for success? Before the dust for the fallen towers settled and while eighty-six other countries mourned the...
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...was created to sabotage enemy forces and collect and analyze information that was seized from Nazi Germany and The Empire of Japan. Although dismantled after WWII by President Truman, it did not take long for Truman to realize the need for a postwar centralized intelligence organization (CIA). In 1947, President Truman signed, National Security Act establishing the CIA (CIA). The National Security Act gave the CIA power of coordinating the nation’s intelligence activities and correlating, evaluating and disseminating intelligence affecting national security (CIA). The CIA is broken up into four main groups the National Clandestine Service, Directorate of Intelligence, the Directorate of Science & Technology, and the Directorate of Support which all carry out different jobs for the CIA (CIA). The CIA is more beneficial to the United States of America because they protect us from terrorism threats, the influx of drugs, and impact our lives with the creation of everyday uses (CIA). Some people may say that the CIA is a waste of money and that they do not accomplish anything but ruining the United States reputation, but since 2001 the United States has not had any recurrences of terrorist attacks of the magnitude of the 9/11 attacks because the CIA has made the U.S. aware and has protected the American people since 2001 (Hitz, F). What are covert and clandestine operations? A covert operation is a planned secret mission used to affect a political or military outcome. A clandestine...
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...Explain why the term ‘terrorism’ is controversial and contested. (15) Terrorism refers to political violence that targets civilians deliberately and indiscriminately to inspire dear, for purposes such as drawing attention to a grievance, provoking a severe response or wearing down of their opponents moral resolve. Examples of such high priority methods of terrorism include plane hijacking (e.g. 9/11) and hostage taking. With the use of the media, there is now greater global awareness of extremist, terrorist groups; it is the high priority means of creating terror that cause a group to receive attention. Non-state actors, furthermore, generally carry out terrorism. The term itself carries a heavy weight by the way it can be used; to accuse a group as being terrorists immediately delegitimize their motives, thereby upholding the existing system of power at a national or global level. ‘Terrorism’ is a controversial term simply by how one determines whether one is a terrorist or not. Terrorism is used politically in order to highlight a group’s actions as being immoral and illegitimate. The controversy lies within how we differentiate between one man’s freedom fighter and another’s terrorism. Similarly the term ‘terrorism’ has become to commonly used which creates uncertainty of what really is terrorism, for example the Boston marathon bombings. Many argued that the marathon bombings were an act of terrorism, whereas Obama refused to describe it as an act of terror. Thus one...
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...Anoosha HaroonSaneeza AsrarShafaq ShafqatNazia KhanSyeda Aminah Asim12/18/2014 | NATIONAL ANOOSHA HAROON Headline “PLEA TO BOOK MUSHARRAF IN DRONE CASE REJECTED” Drone attacks in Pakistan started off in 2004-2005 under the presidency of General Pervez Musharraf and targets the northern areas especially North-Waziristan. These U.S drone attacks have been condemned by all political parties and they have protested to show their agitation. The reason behind these drone attacks is to get rid or terrorists and Talibans but it is not the most efficient and precise way as U.S claims it to be. Because many innocent civilians have lost their lives because of these drone attacks. Lately, a petition was filed against Mr. Musharraf and alleged him for making a deal with U.S secretly and that there should be a legal action against him. This petition also requested the court to direct the Secretariat police to register an FIR against the former president General Retired Pervez Musharraf. The petiton referred to an interview which Mr. Musharraf gave in April, 2013 in which he said that yes he did allow U.S drone attacks “but only on few occasions when target was isolated and there was no chance[s] of collateral damage”. This was the first time that any Pakistani official accepted the fact that they had granted permission of drone strikes. This petition was however rejected and considered as not maintainable. Other headlines: * MQM seeks ban on Taliban’s media coverage...
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