...AUGUSTOUS CAESAR Harris Ghumman CHW 3M1 Mr. Cordeiro 1/13/2015 AUGUSTUS CAESER 1 Augustus Caesar’s life was a rather action packed life, and the fact that he has a lot of military, and political experience also helps in his ruling as roman Emperor. From being put into the heir by the emperor, to his death bed he has had an interesting child hood, the formation of the second triumvirate , and death with consequences. Being referred to as Octavian, he was the son of Atia. Atia was the Niece of Julius Caesar. After his father died as the senator, which led to Julius adopting him. As a child he had many health issues and frequently struggled to stay healthy. He was educated in Politics and the matters of Military, which eventually led to him on the verge of joining Julius’s Army. However, Julius Caesar was indeed assassinated in 44 BC, which put him next in line as the correct heir. This led him to later on change his name from Octavian to Augustus. Not much is known about Octavian's first two wives. Claudia was the step-daughter of Marc Antony. Octavian divorced her and married Scribonia, daughter of Lucius Scribonius Libo, in 40 B.C. He married his third and final wife Livia in 39 B.C. She already had one son, Tiberius, and was pregnant with her second, Drusus, when she met Augustus. They were married for 51 years and had one daughter, Julia, together. Julius went on to rule for a very long time, and became one of the most respected...
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...paradox stuck out like a sore thumb, immortality was obviously synonymous to never dying and yet, it expresses a sense of regret or belated recognition of the fact that to be immortal did not simply mean to never die, but to achieve something far greater, something that stands the test of time, that goes beyond the finality of death and lives on long after the person is gone. Men try to go to great lengths to achieve some sort of immortality, after all, the fountain of youth was one that continues to captivate the imaginations of...
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...Long essay How Christianity affected the empire * Think in term of centuries * Constantine Germans, army, borders * German influence lead to the end of the empire * Battle of Adrianople Germans beat romans * Start taking parts of Rome * Bad emperors in west * Bad economy lets Germans in Short essay The splitting of the empire * Why do they split * Why does the west fall * How are they different in culture, language * West has bad emperors * East pays people no to invade Emergence of absolute autocracy * Augustus * Power of the emperor Who is the most important person in second triumvirate * Augustus * Sets of empire * What world did he create with reforms * Makes it seem like he is going back to old time values Dates Edict of toleration 313 AD Founding of Constantinople 330 AD Fall of western Rome (fall of the roman empire) 476 AD Start of the empire 27 BCE When Germans sacked Rome 410 CE?? Study 11-5 to present Christianity Chronology 64 First persecution of Christians under Emperor Nero 274 Birthdat of Constantine 303 Great Persecution begins and Diocletion issues edict that bans the practice of christianity 312 Constantine embraces christianity after vision 313 Edict of Milan tolerates christians 324 Constantine is sole emperor of Rome 326 Edicts of Constantine against Christian heretics 330 Constantinople "New Rome" 341 Imperial...
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...obedience. Mohammed, however, threatens the lives of children or elders related to those who did not obey. This was one of his most powerful methods of obtaining new lands. Another method used by Mohammed was that he offered many reasons to other religions as to why they should convert to Islam. First and foremost, he offered them direction and guidance to heaven, which, alongside Muslims, was an eagerly anticipated place by Christians and Jews. The writer of History of Arabs describes the Muslim people as those who consider each other equals under Allah, and who worship him to the fullest. They would rather be in heaven with him than a child under him on earth. The expansion of Islam was also obviously obtained by means of conquering lands around Arabia. The impression of surrounding lands on the Muslim army is that they were strong, determined, relentless fighters who conquered any land they pleased. They had countless weapons and a drive that could cut through thick steel. Despite these characteristics, however, they would only fight upon attack, in self-defense. The expansion of Islam was viewed by many as the most reasonable expansion of any religion. It was believed that the Christians were below the Muslims in that they fought whenever possible, and persecuted all other religions. Despite the belief of spiritual drive for conquest, some believe the expansion of Islam was due to the deep desire for a more...
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...Definition -- A compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on workers' income and business profits or added to the cost of some goods, services, and transactions. History of Taxes The first taxes were collected by ancient egyptians. In Greece they had taxes made special for war times. In the Roman empire Caesar Augustus was considered one of the most brilliant tax strategists. The citizens in Rome were given the responsibility to collect taxes. Augustus instituted an inheritance tax to provide retirement funds for the Military. He also had 1% sales tax for citizens and 4% for slaves. Colonial Taxes Our country would not be here today if it was not for taxes. Great Britain was in a lot of debt so they started...
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...Jewish religion was based on the ancient Israelite religion. The Jews were different from other people during that era because they only believed in one God. They worshipped their God like everyone else with sacrificial offerings of animals at their temple. The Jews only had one temple in Jerusalem, which had only two rooms. One room was for sacrifices, and the other room was always empty because there was no idol to representing God of Israel. All Jews believed they were chosen by the one God of the universe to serve him and obey his laws. They believe that God called on to them to be “lights to the Gentiles” and wanted them to accept the God of Israel as their only God. Jesus also taught the word of God in the temple daily and that was...
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...Virgil whose name was Publis Vergilius Maro was an icon of his time. Virgil’s work has been widely studied until today. He was very famous in his community and very involved in Rome’s politics. Vergil was an introspective man very different from other important poets such as Horace. Virgil was born in Andes, a small town near Mantua, Italy on October 15, 1970 BCE and died on September 21, 1919. He was born under the government of Gnaeus Pompeius the Great and Marcus Licinius Crassus. While being pregnant , Virgil’s mother dreamt that she was giving birth to a tree full of fruits and flowers. The next day when she was with her husband in a nearby town, she gave birth to Virgil beside the road. The baby had such a pacific expression in his face that his parents predicted that he was going to have a happy destiny. Few days later, someone planted a tree in the same place where Virgil was born. The tree rapidly reached the size of other older trees. Consequently, pregnant women who wished their children to become as successful as Virgil worshiped the tree. (Naumman) Virgil’s family was well regarded but they weren’t wealthy. Virgil’s father, according to some historians was a potter, even though some have stated that he used to work for a Magus, an attendant on the magistrates, and because of his upstanding work his employer allowed him to marry his daughter. He later acquired some land and was dedicated to raise bees. The...
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...throughout the western world. How did a persecuted cult spread to form a widespread religion within a few hundred years? Persecution of Christians Emperor Nero was one who persecuted Christians brutally with punishments often resulting in death. Emperor Nero killed many Christians by setting dogs loose on them, burning them alive and other horrible methods. Christians were most likely persecuted because the Roman religion saw that Christians did not sacrifice to the Roman Gods. In the eyes of the Roman religious followers this is seen as an...
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...Augustus was considered a great emperor because he improved the circumstances of an empire to such a degree. He led many accomplishments creating an advancement in his army, his contribution in the Principate and centralized government. To avoid rebellion in his army, he had his armies spread out near the borders of his empire. This way the army would put all their anger and force upon their enemies. Augustus delicate decisions in ruler government officials showed that he was smart. He was independent and did things his way. In belief of him knowing he had to make reforms to the government in Rome, he granted himself power but reassured his people that they were governed by the senate. Being that he didn’t trust the governments of Rome’s neighboring countries, he allowed to be apart of them. (Secondary Source: Biographies of Augustus) Augustus was indeed the greatest Roman emperor as he had the most difficult job, which was in fact, establishing the Principate. He created an autocracy in addition to a republican party to hide his control. Augustus ruled Rome not through force or coercion but because he was able to recognize Rome to maintain public order. This explained why all of his titles granted republican....
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...Julius Caesar differently. After reading the article, “Julius Caesar” by Thomas K. Grose and an excerpt from Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures: A Concise History, multiple similarities and differences become visible. Following a thorough examination of both texts, it is apparent that Thomas K. Grose does a more efficient job presenting the material on the famous legend Julius Caesar. Julius Caesar is definitely a man of many honorable achievements. Noted as one of the greatest conquerors in all of history, he extended the Roman Empire by adding Gaul, Portugal and part of Spain. Thomas K. Grose refers to Caesar as "a superb political strategist and often a wise law-maker”.One hundred years prior to Julius Caesar, the Roman Empire was prospering at great rates. Unfortunately, by the time Caesar became involved with the empire, it was a complete mess. The Roman Empire was filled with food shortages, unstable housing, and joblessness. In an attempt to restore the empire, Caesar implemented a dictatorship. At age sixteen, Julius made his first smart political move. He dedicated his life to the daughter of Cinna, who was in charge of the Populist Party. When Caesar was nineteen, Cinna passed away and Sulla who was a tyrannical leader took over. Sulla ordered Caesar to divorce his wife but Caesar refused. While hiding from Sulla in the mountains, Caesar developed into a determined young man who yearned for authority. At the age of twenty, Sulla finally allowed Caesar to join...
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...deduce from that evidence. The various carvings on the family tomb of the Haterii, especially the crane, suggest that at least one member of the family was a prosperous building contractor. One of his contracts was for a magnificent arch to commemorate the popular Emperor Titus who died after a short reign (a.d. 79-81). 2. What was the social status of the unskilled laborers? Most of unskilled laborers were slaves and poor free men. 3. List at least four hand tools that we have inherited almost unchanged from the Romans. Why was the use of hand tools so laborious in Roman times? Mallets, chisels, crowbars, trowels, saws, and planes are some modern hand tools that have been inherited almost unchanged from the Romans. The important difference is that the Romans did not have the small electric motor that makes the modern power tools less laborious to use. 4. What was the cement mortar used for? The cement mortar was used, as today, for a thin but effective adhesive layer between bricks or stones. 5. Name two main structural uses of concrete. Concrete became a substitute for stone in the building of arches and vaulted ceilings. They also used it on the aqueducts that supplied Rome with millions of gallons of fresh water daily. 6. Describe another use of concrete and described four ways the concrete was hidden. Concrete could also be sandwiched as a core between two faces of a more expensive material, such as good quality stone or brick; these were...
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...Roman Empire The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean in Europe, Africa, and Asia. Population: 56.8 million (25 BC) Capitals: Rome, Constantinople, Ravenna Area: 1.062 million sq miles Founded: 27 BC Continent: Europe Government: Autocracy, Stratocracy The Founding of Rome The Founding of Rome is very much embroiled in myth. Traces found by archaeologists of early settlements of the Palatine Hill date back to ca 750 BC. This ties in very closely to the established legend that Rome was founded on 21 April 753 BC, which was traditionally celebrated in Rome with the festival of Parilia. Two founding legends exist - Romulus and Remus and Aeneas. Rather than contradict each other, the tale of Aeneas adds to that of Romulus and Remus. King Numitor of Alba Longa was ejected by his younger brother Amulius. To do away with any further possible pretenders to his usurped throne, Amulius murdered Numitor's sons and forced Numitor's daughter, Rhea Silvia, to become a vestal virgin. However Mars, the god of war became enchanted by her beauty and had his way with Rhea Silvia while she slept. As a result of this Rhea Silvia bore twins, Romulus and Remus. An enraged Amulius had Rhea Silvia thrown into the river Tiber where she was caught beneath the waves by the river god who married her. The twins were set adrift...
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...Did you know that the Theatre of Marcellus was the biggest theatre in ancient Rome? The theatre was completed in the late 1st BCE under the power of the emperor, Augustus. The theatre was built by Augustus and Julius Caesar. The theatre was prevailing for awhile by holding events such as the Secular Games, but later lost its popularity. There were other things that the Roman citizens found more entertaining. The theatre held the Secular Games which were very important to the Roman citizens. According to Ancient History Encyclopedia, the Secular Games were “...celebrations held in ancient Rome to mark the commencement of a new saeculum or generation.” and “The festival lasted three days and three nights during which sacrifices were made to...
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...Published: January 10, 2012 Author: John Green Publisher :Dutton Juvenile Adaptations: The Fault in Our Stars (2014) Characters: Augustus Waters, Hazel Grace Lancaster, more Genres: Young-adult fiction, Romance novel Awards: Goodreads Choice Awards Best Young Adult Fiction 1)The-Fault-in-Our-StarsCancer is such a dreadful disease, indiscriminate in its choice of victim, choosing with aplomb regardless of age, gender, or status. There are a myriad of stories behind the tragedy and many of them remain untold. In The Fault In Our Stars by John Green, he builds a story out of darkness and despair. He takes the tragedy of cancer and immerses us in the lives of characters that could very well be real. Many know of the heartaches in dealing with those who fight the fight, and many of those scars last a lifetime. He brings his story in the form of a teen girl, Hazel Lancaster. Stricken with cancer from a young age, she believes she has come to terms with what her life has become. Then she meets a young man, Augustus Waters, a survivor of cancer. He is drawn to her in a way that is initially uncomfortable, and as she tries to push him away in her sarcastic vein, he finds her to be exactly the type of girl he has been looking for. Throughout the story there is a beauty and humor, a 'candle in the wind' for each of those whose lives have been touched by such an uncaring disease. For cancer touches not just the victim but all those who love and are in anyway touched by them. Be...
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...From Augustus to Tiberius “I shall write without indignation or partisanship: in my case the customary incentives to these are lacking.” No republican forces were left after Brutus and Cassius died. Sextus Pompeius in Sicily was defeated, Ledpidus dropped, Antony killed. Only Octavian was left. Seduced with many gifts but soon the legal system was incapacitated by violence, favoritism and bribery. Augustus chose Agrippa as son in law after nephew Marcellus dies. Agrippa has sons Gaius Caesar and Lucius Caesar and adopted Augustus adopted them. Both die premature deaths, Nero Drusus is already dead and Tiberius is the only surviving stepson. Livia had control over aged Augustus—he sent to exile his only surviving grandson, Agrippa Postumus. Son of Nero Drusus, Germanicus was adopted by Tiberius by word of Augustus. Supposed foul play on Livia’s side as she heard how affectionate Augustus was to Agrippa Postumus on a visit and so sent letter to Tiberius and next thing that happens is that Augustus is dead and Tiberius is in control. Tiberius’s first crime was the assassination of Agrippa Postumus. First Senate meeting under Tiberius dealt with Augustus’s funeral—Tiberius and Livia were his heirs, Livia adopted into Julian family with name Augusta. After funeral, Augustus was declared a god and decreed a temple but the major topic of every prayer was Tiberius. Then a document was released that was a list of national resources written by hand by Augustus. The...
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