...knowing the truth, the more you will find yourself getting tangled with new information. This information makes you confused, because you cant seem to know what really took place during that event. I don't think we can really go to far in reliably reconstructing the experiences of the people in history, because we are yet unknown to the real information. However if we were to change we can use the new information, meaning we can research about the event and see if we can use that information to know that something else could have possibly happened. As people say seeing believing so this means you cant really believe everything that is written down in history. In that book “After the fact” there are many historical events that took place which were quite odd to come to the conclusion of. History in the text is explained as “History is what happened in the past. That statement is the everyday view of the matter. It supposes that historians must return to the past through the surviving records and bring it back to the present to display as what really happened.” This quote explains that the information that the historians have today is not enough to address what has really happened in the past. In order to have the clear picture of what really took place, one has to travel back in time, which is quite impossible. It is not that you cant find out what happened in the history, it is that somewhere it would be a myth and not hundred percent accurate. These days you cannot believe...
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...Case, what each is meant to prove, Lottery Case, other potential responses to Thomson Marquis: Future Like Ours Argument, No Future Objection, other potential objections Other Sexual Topics: Uniqueness View: There is a special distinct sexuality, Non-Uniqueness View: sex is just like every other human interaction NOT SPECIAL , Love Theory: Sex is only permissible when you love the person with whom you are having sex, too restrictive: there’s other legitimate reasons to have sex, too broad your children?, New Natural law: Sex must fulfill the “marital good”, you must always act in accord the certain basic goods, martial good; unitive- only fulfill unitive if it involves full giving of oneself to another, procreative-only if both partners are open to chance of reproduction Things that are wrong for NNL: premarital sex, contraception, oral anal, mutual (Masturbation) generic liberal understanding: in general sex is morally ok so long as everyone consents (voluntary, informed) and it does not involve great harm (there can be overriding factors), reasons to consider polygamy wrong: sex with a non spouse, tends to subject women, reasons to consider incest wrong: higher percent rate of birth defects, upsets familial bonds, reasons to consider bestiality wrong: animals can’t consent, diseases, reasons to consider adult-child sex wrong: cant consent (child) physical disparity issues, pregnancy, parent’s don’t have sex with child’s friends, reasons to consider necrophilia wrong:...
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...presented in Romeo and Juliet Romeo and Juliet is set during the Elizabethan period, where society favoured men over women and the women had to obey the men. Fathers were the ones who decided who there daughters would marry and they cant refuse the marriage because if they did they would bring shame upon the family and most likely disowned by them and if this happened they would have nowhere to go as women didn’t really have jobs apart from housework and looking after the children. I think that this society is bad because it is biased towards men and doesn’t give the women a choice for what they want to do in there own life. In Act 1 Scene 2, we learn that Lord Capulet is a fair and just man ‘for men so old as we to keep the peace’ this shows us that he doesn’t want to make the fued between the Montagues anyworse and wants to stay away from all the violence and try to get on with his own life with his family. Paris asks Capulet if he can marry Juliet ‘ but now, my lord, what sat you to my suit’ but Capulet is cautious about allowing Paris to marry Juliet because he feels she is still too young ‘ my child is yet a stranger in the world; she hath not seen the change of fourteen years’ this shows that he is not ready to let his only child go into the world without him yet as she hasn’t had any experience of what its like for women and he wants to protect her from all the bad things in the world , like any father would want to. This is emphasised by the possessive pronoun ‘My’ which...
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...al, 2011; Plakas, Cant & Taket, 2008; Twohig et al, 2015; Wong et al., 2014). Alternatively, Mackie et al. (2016) identify their purpose to look at patients undergoing transfer to a more acute internal ICU setting. Kutash & Northrop (2007) focus on ICU unit waiting room experiences while visiting their families in the ICU while Mosleh, Alja’afreh & Lee (2015) identify the relationship of decision making and satisfaction of care whilst in the...
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...The relationship between reader and writer goes hand in hand with each other. Even though a writer can write a paper or article without the reader in their presence, but they have to keep them in mind. But if they’re writing and leave words unread and unexplored, then the whole sentence or paragraph can end up meaning nothing in the long run. But on the other hand a reader cannot exist without a writer. Therefore the relationship between the two is a relationship of mutual benefit or even dependence. According to Deborah Tanner, author of “Talk in the Intimate Relationship: His and Hers,” she says, “A lot of trouble is caused between women and men by, of all things, pronouns” (437). If a writer used the same noun over and over again, a reader might become bored quickly before he or she had gotten past the first paragraph. If someone keeps hearing the same thing over and over then they’ll eventually tune it out and get annoyed of it quicker and feel disinterested. Know that if I’m reading something that’s repetitive I will get bored and not read fully into the document and kind of just read it, just to read it and not really process it because it gets boring and not interesting anymore. An example of this is parents that repeat themselves a lot to their kids and wonder why the kids brush them off or look uninterested in what they are saying. Whatever the reader takes from the writing that they are reader may or may not be what the author wanted them to think. Nobodies view...
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...Edward Said is one of the forefathers of Orientalism and thus he pushed that East played a major role in shaping the West. Next, he would go on to write a book called “Orientalism” in which he claimed that Asia and India gave false justification to the West which made them want to capture and colonize Eastern countries. Two main arguments that Said claimed was that the East and the West were divided into two separate boundaries of the world. Said also felt that it was the job of the West to civilize the East. The West was considered to be the civilized boundary and the East was uncivilized. Finally he believed that stereotypes would give false justification towards Western boundaries about the East. Said believed that it was the job of the West who were the civilized people to educate and change the uncivilized. He felt that East needed guidance and help in order to stay a float as a country and be successful. You see that in the movie Madame Butterfly Said’s ideas played a major role in it. You can say that in the movie René Gallimard played the role of the West and Song Liling represents the East. Throughout the play you can see Said’s main ideas run through the love affair of René and Song. You watch as Song tries to teach René ancient riddles and traditions. She tried to show him the good in the East by having him explore the mysteriousness of he arts. Then on the other hand you see René try...
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...college graduation. I use the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth whose respondents graduated from college between 1979 and 1989. I estimate the e¤ects of both national and state economic conditions at time of college graduation on labor market outcomes for the …rst two decades of a career. Because timing and location of college graduation could potentially be a¤ected by economic conditions, I also instrument for the college unemployment rate using year of birth (state of residence at an early age for the state analysis). I …nd large, negative wage e¤ects to graduating in a worse economy which persist for the entire period studied. I also …nd that cohorts who graduate in worse national economies are in lower level occupations, have slightly higher tenure and higher educational attainment, I am grateful for helpful comments from George Baker, Dan Benjamin, James Heckman, Caroline Hoxby, Larry Katz, Kevin Lang, Fabian Lange, Steve Levitt, Derek Neal, Chris Nosko, Emily Oster, Yona Rubenstein, Hugo Sonnenschein, Mike Waldman and seminar participants at Harvard University, the University of Chicago, Yale University, and the Midwest Economic Association 2003 annual meetings. email: lisa.kahn@yale.edu while labor supply is una¤ected. Taken as a whole, the results suggest that the labor market consequences of graduating from college in a bad economy are large, negative and persistent. 2 1 Introduction The immediate disadvantage of graduating from college...
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...by Chicanas is different from that suffered by most women in this country. Because Chicanas are part of an oppressed nationality, they are subjected to the racism practiced against La Raza”(Mirtha Vidal 1971). In American society all women are oppressed. The most oppressed women in the U.S. are women of color. Among them are Chicana women, there are certain expectations of what is acceptable for women through a patriarchal and sexist society which gives men power and privilege over women. These expectations are shown through the concepts of La mujer Buena and La mujer Mala. This is even greater oppression than that faced by other women. Chicana’s oppression begins in their own home, and continues to haunt Chicana women outside their home. The concept of la mujer buena (the good woman) and la mujer mala (the bad woman) is the root of Chicana expectations that feeds into the patriarchal and sexist society women have to face. La mujer buena is expected to be silent, a virgin, and a care taker. La mujer mala is the total opposite; she is an activist, a “whore”, and is educated. When a woman falls out of the expectations of la mujer buena she is put into the category of la mujer mala simply because she wants her voice heard and isn’t just going to sit there while women are being oppressed. In Elizabeth Martinez’ 500 years of Chicana Women’s History she states, “despite the hard life faced by the working class Chicana- and we have barely suggested it here- she is expected to live according...
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...CASE 45 AIDS, Condoms, and Carnival Plus, Latin-style machismo leaves women with little bargaining power. Only 14 percent of Brazilian heterosexual men used condoms last year, according to AIDSCAP, an AIDS prevention program funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development. In other studies, many women said they would not ask their partner to use a condom, even if they knew he was sleeping with others. “Women are afraid of asking their men to have safe sex, afraid of getting beaten, afraid of losing their economic support,” says Guido Carlos Levi, a director at the health department at Emilio Ribas Hospital. “This is not Mexico, but we’re quite a machoistic society here.” The frequency with which Latin men stray from monogamous relationships has compounded the problem. In studies conducted in Cuba by the Pan American Health Organization, 49 percent of men and 14 percent of women in stable relationships admitted they had had an affair in the past year. In light of statistics showing AIDS as the number one killer of women of childbearing age in São Paulo state, public health offi cials launched a campaign promoting the female condom. The hope is that it will help women—especially poor women—protect themselves and their children. But the female condom seemed unlikely to spark a latex revolution when it hit city stores. The price is $2.50 apiece—more than three times the price of most male condoms. The Family Health Association is asking the...
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...ECOCENTRISM AND ANTHROPOCENTRISM: MORAL REASONING ABOUT ECOLOGICAL COMMONS DILEMMAS KATHERINE V. KORTENKAMP AND COLLEEN F. MOORE University of WisconsinMadison Abstract When do humans extend their ethical scope to include nature? Anthropocentrism and ecocentrism are two ways of understanding an extension of ethics to nature. In an anthropocentric ethic nature deserves moral consideration because how nature is treated a¡ects humans. In an ecocentric ethic nature deserves moral consideration because nature has intrinsic value. In two experiments participants (n=91 and 84) generated moral reasoning responses to ecological moral dilemmas. The reasoning was coded as ecocentric, anthropocentric, or nonenvironmental (i.e., social contracts, truthfulness). Individual di¡erences and situational variables were examined in relation to moral reasoning about ecological dilemmas. Pro-environmental attitudes were related to more ecocentrica nd anthropocentrica nd less nonenvironmental reasoning. The presence of information about the impact of ecological damage on the environment, especially a more ‘‘wild’’ environment, elicited more ecocentric reasoning, while the presence of a social commitment elicited more nonenvironmental moral reasoning. The implications of the research for con£icts over environmental commons dilemmas are discussed. # 2001 Academic Press Ecocentrism and Anthropocentrism: Moral Reasoning about Ecological Dilemmas There is as yet no ethicd ealing with...
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...or organizations who unite to actively support or defend an idea, usually to influence policies or resource allocations through media campaigns, public presentations, publicity, and legislative lobbying efforts; GROUP WHO TRY TO RAISE AWARENESS AND INFLUENCE POLITICS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION advocacy groups are broader. interest groups are more specific. for example an environmental group would be an advocacy group and a group to save the rainforest would be an interest group. Amicus Curiae - “Friend of the Court.” A brief filed in a lawsuit by an individual or group that is not party to the lawsuit but that has an interest in the outcome. SOMEONE, NOT BELONGING TO ANY PARTY, VOLUNTEERS TO OFFER INFORMATION TO ASSIST IN A CASE, WHICH IS WHY IT MEANS FRIEND OF THE COURT Astroturf - refers to political, advertising or public relations campaigns that are designed to mask the sponsors of the message to give the appearance of coming from a disinterested, grassroots participant (i.e. fake grassroots); FAKE GRASS/FAKE SUPPORT; OPPOSITE OF GRASSROOTS; Creating the impression of public support by paying people in the public to pretend to be supportive. Bundling - A tactic in which PACs collect contributions from like-minded individuals (each limited to $2000) and present them to a candidate or political party as a “bundle,” thus increasing the PAC’s influence. Checkbook Membership- send in money to be a member A checkbook member is when a person tends to join groups but do little...
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...Akinwale Apart from my undergraduate and postgraduate research work based on “Impact of Child Trafficking in Nigeria”, this is my first private research work prepared for a journal. PERCEPTION OF FEMALE LEADERS IN HIGHER INSTITUTIONS OF LEARNING IN EKITI STATE ABSTRACT To scholars, women in leadership positions have been stereotyped to be unfit and inexperienced to occupy traditional leadership positions unlike their male counterparts. A fundamental challenge to women's leadership arises from the mismatch between the qualities traditionally associated with leaders and those traditionally associated with women in general. Women in leadership positions are not treated equally with men in leadership positions ( Nick, 2007;Sayu, 2012 ). However, this research reveals the perception of Ekiti state female leaders in Higher Institutions on their leadership positions. Through interviews with selected female leaders in three higher institutions of learning, questions delved into how these female leaders see themselves in the line of their duties. The study tends to feel the pulse of female leaders about the leadership positions they are occupying since the impression they have about themselves matters a lot before considering other people’s perception about them. The study adopts quantitative methodology and gathered...
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...Chapter 11 * Compensation – the total of an employee’s pay and benefits * Types of Compensation * Base pay – Wages are paid on hourly basis; Salary is based on a longer time period * Wage and salary add-ons – includes overtime pay, shift differential, premium pay for working weekends & holidays * Incentive pay – (a.k.a. “variable pay”) is “pay for performance”, and commonly includes pieces work in production and commission sales. * Benefits – Indirect compensation that provides something of value to the employee * Skill-Based or Competency-Based Pay? * Pay members of workforce for individual skills or competencies that they bring to work, whether or note necessary to do their current job * Competency * Individuals knowledge in a particular area * Skills * Ability to apply the knowledge set in the field * At, Above, or Below the Market? * What you would pay for employees in relation to the market * Efficiency wage theory * Higher wages, get higher production * Wage Compression * Occurs when new employees require higher starting pay than the historical norm, causing narrowing of the pay gap between experienced and new employees * Fair Labor Standards Act * Minimum wage, overtime issues, child labor rules for U.S. based businesses * Minimum wage – the lowest hourly rate of pay generally permissible by federal law ...
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...(a) Basic Idea and Major Theorists (b) View of Humans, Human Nature, and Human Behaviour (c) View of Society and the Social Order (d) The Role of Law, the Definition of Crime, and the Image of the Criminal (e) Causal Logic (f) Criminal Justice System Implications, including Criminal Justice Policy and Correctional Ideology and Techniques of Crime Control (g) Criticism/evaluation (a) Carlisle, A. L. (1993). The Divided Self: Toward an Understanding of the Dark Side of a Serial Killer. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 17(2), 23-36. (b) Hale, Robert L. (1993). The Application of Learning Theory to Serial Murder. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 17(2), 37-45. (c) Linden, Rick. (2012). Criminology: A Canadian Perspective (7th ed.). Toronto: Nelson (d) Feminism & Psychology (e) DOI: 10.1177/09593535091022242009; 19; 267 (f) Feminism Psychology (g) Ross Bartels and Ceri Parsons (h) The application of learning theory to serial murder “you too can learn to be a serial killer” Robert Hale * Popular ideas see killings by deranged or irrational individual * This article: killer behaving in a manner which makes sense to killer perceived to be wrong * Viewed as senseless and violent form of criminal behavior * Holmes and DeBurger * Published comprehensive examination of serial murder * Rooted in Sigmund Freud * Furthered in Dollar and Miller’s theory of “frustration-aggression” ...
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...and to solve problems in day-to-day situations. These personal cognitive strategies, acquired in a long socialization process are called ‘‘learning styles’’ and may differ depending on gender, age or culture. In this study, the learning styles of over 300 students in business administration in France, Germany and Quebec are examined with the Learning Style Inventory (LSI). Representative and signiï¬cant learning differences where found. This is why the LSI can be used in a ï¬rst step for the illustration and comparison of typical patterns of learning. In a second step the results may be of use to international trainers in making decisions about course design and methods of cross-cultural training in relation to the learning proï¬les of the participants. r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Learning styles; LSI; Culture; Cross-cultural management; Socialization; Intercultural training; Cultural differences; Training methods ÃFax:+33 3 90 41 42 70. E-mail address: christoph.barmeyer@iecs.edu. 0147-1767/$ - see front matter r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2005.01.011 ARTICLE IN PRESS 578 C.I. Barmeyer / International Journal of Intercultural Relations 28 (2004) 577–594 1. Introduction On account of increasing globalization, cross-cultural training has become more and more important. The...
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