...The wind of change blew strongly over the British Isles in 1945. The great wartime hero, Winston Churchill is no longer the country’s leader, in spite of his great effort and success overseas during the war. The right-wing Conservative leader thought to remain prime mister, expecting public gratitude. However, the English vote for parties, not people. There was a demographic impact within Britain that led to the swing of leadership from a more capitalist based party to a more socialist based party. The people of Britain were haunted by the 1930s, a world in which “seldom the all-importance of food is recognized. You see statues everywhere to politicians, poets, bishops, but none to cooks or bacon-curers or market gardeners”, as described by Orwell. A time in which the poor were overlooked and undermined, a land in which the people “bred in the slums can imagine nothing but the slums.” Why was Churchill, being the national hero that he was, rejected by the Britons? Was it the failure of the Conservatives, which gave rise to Labour; or was it the rise of Labour which led to the failure of the Conservatives? These are some key aspects that this essay will attempt to consider. This paper will focus on how the rise of Labour, through their efforts locally, won over the population in order achieve a significant victory. Conducive to that change in leadership was the lack of Tory focus on social-policy and attention towards the working-class, which emanated from the lack of party...
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...determinants of audit fees in the Jordanian environment. Unlike previous studies, however, variables such as corporate profitability, corporate accounting year-end and time lag between year-end and the audit report date appeared to be insignificant determinants of audit fees in the sampled companies. Key Words: * Audit fees, Emerging Economy, Jordan. S S cientific Journal of Administrative Development Vol.5 I.A.D. 2007 Dean College of Business Administration, Al-Ain University of Science and Technology, UAE. ** Freelance Financial Analyst, Jordan. *** Link Officer, National Health Service (NHS), UK. 84 Determinants Of Audit Fees: Empirical Evidence From Emerging Economy Introduction Although a number of studies have provided empirical evidence on the relationship between audit fees and the attributes of audited companies, most have tended to focus on developed economies (see for example: Australia: Francis, 1984; Francis and Stokes, 1986; Haskins and Williams, 1988; Craswell et al., 1995; Jubb et al., 1996; Houghton and Jubb, 1999; Craswell and Francis, 1999. Canada: Chung and Lindsay, 1988; Anderson and Zeghal, 1994. Ireland: Haskins and Williams, 1988. Japan: Taylor, 1997; Netherlands: Langendjik, 1997; New Zealand: Firth, 1985; Haskins and Williams, 1988;...
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...Harvard Referencing 2007 Note: this page is only an introduction to the Harvard referencing system. Curtin University Library provides a modified version of the author-date system presented in: Snooks & Co. 2002, Style manual: For authors, editors and printers, 6th edn, John Wiley & Sons Australia, n.p. For referencing electronic sources, refer to the American Psychological Association's Publication manual: American Psychological Association 2001, Publication manual of the American Psychological Association, 5th edn, APA, Washington, DC. Note: A modified APA style is used for electronic sources to fit in with the Harvard referencing style provided by Curtin University Library as the Style manual does not cover this area fully. The information and examples contained on this page are chiefly derived from the above publications. It is very important that you check your department or school's assignment guide as some details, eg. punctuation, may vary from the guidelines on this page. You may be penalised for not conforming to your school's requirements. What is Referencing? Referencing is a standardised method of acknowledging sources of information and ideas that you have used in your assignment in a way that uniquely identifies their source. Direct quotations, facts and figures, as well as ideas and theories, from both published and unpublished works must be referenced. There are many acceptable forms of referencing. This information sheet provides a brief guide to the Harvard...
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...Harvard Referencing 2007 Note: this page is only an introduction to the Harvard referencing system. Curtin University Library provides a modified version of the author-date system presented in: Snooks & Co. 2002, Style manual: For authors, editors and printers, 6th edn, John Wiley & Sons Australia, n.p. For referencing electronic sources, refer to the American Psychological Association's Publication manual: American Psychological Association 2001, Publication manual of the American Psychological Association, 5th edn, APA, Washington, DC. Note: A modified APA style is used for electronic sources to fit in with the Harvard referencing style provided by Curtin University Library as the Style manual does not cover this area fully. The information and examples contained on this page are chiefly derived from the above publications. It is very important that you check your department or school's assignment guide as some details, eg. punctuation, may vary from the guidelines on this page. You may be penalised for not conforming to your school's requirements. What is Referencing? Referencing is a standardised method of acknowledging sources of information and ideas that you have used in your assignment in a way that uniquely identifies their source. Direct quotations, facts and figures, as well as ideas and theories, from both published and unpublished works must be referenced. There are many acceptable forms of referencing. This information sheet provides a brief guide to the Harvard...
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...Introduction “Police history” predates the evolution of the “police” as a permanent occupational group within a bureaucratic institution, providing the primary state response to crime and disorder. That was primarily a development of the 19th century and a reaction to the rapid social change of the industrial revolution and rapid urbanization. Prior to 1800, governments maintained order by a variety of means, local and national. One of the key historical debates concerns the effectiveness of these approaches and the degree of continuity between the premodern and modern police models. Around 1800 a small number of distinctively different types of police institution emerged. The French, under Napoleon, instituted the Gendarmerie, a state military police model. It evolved from the “Marechaussee,” which had had a dual military and civil function since the 16th century. The model was exported across Europe by Napoleon. The British developed two models. The first, set up to answer similar challenges to the Gendarmerie in France, was the Royal Irish Constabulary model. It was close to the state military model, but distinctively styled as part of the civil power of the state and subordinated to the Magistracy. The Irish model was subsequently exported to Britain’s colonies and became the basis of forces such as the Indian Police Service. The Metropolitan Police was consciously created as a local force with a uniform that was deliberately different from the military and a mission that...
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...style for in-text citations and for creating the Reference List (examples are below). Within the text of the assignment the author’s name is given first, followed by the publication date. Include page numbers for direct quotations and also where it is useful to provide a page number. A reference list at the end of the assignment contains the full details of all the in-text citations. Why Reference? Referencing is necessary to avoid plagiarism, to verify quotations, and to enable readers to follow-up and read more fully the cited author’s arguments. Steps Involved in Referencing 1. Note down the full bibliographic details of the source from which the information is taken. Include the relevant page number(s). In the case of a book, ‘bibliographical details’ refers to: author/editor, year of publication, title, edition, volume number, place of publication and publisher...
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...health EDUCATE ENGAGE EMPOWER www.KPBSDwellness.org Healthy Lunch Club! RECIPE BOOK February 2008 matters CREATING A CULTURE OF WELLNESS TABLE OF CONTENTS February 1 Toasted Openface Mushroom Sandwiches February 4 Tomato, Artichoke Sandwich February 5 Baked Cheese Sandwich February 6 Cucumber Sandwich February 7 Turkey Tortilla Roll-Up February 8 Chicken Wrap February 11 Tuna Salad Sandwich February 12 Turkey Ranch Wraps February 13 Apple Curry Turkey Pita February 14 Pasta Salad February 15 Broccoli Salad February 18 Egg Salad February 19 Garden Quesadillas February 20 Low-Fat Apple Raspberry Salad February 21 Bell Pepper Salad February 22 Watermelon Salad February 25 Chinese Chicken Salad February 26 Couscous Salad with Dried Cherries February 27 Smoothie - Blueberry Banana February 28 Tomato Cucumber Feta Salad February 29 California Cucumber Salad where kids come first February 1, 2008 Fast Food Factoid: Before age 40 good health is a gift from God. After age 40 good health has to be earned. GET Health: The most recent data from the Centers for Disease Control shows that 71% of men and just over 62% of women in the United States are overweight/obese. Excessive body weight causes many chronic diseases and will likely shorten the average lifespan in the United States by two to five years. Consequently, this may be the first time in the past century that children will die at a younger age than their parents. Source: Stop & Go Healthy Lunch Recipe: Toasted...
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...AS LEVEL Specification HISTORY A H105 For first assessment in 2016 ocr.org.uk/alevelhistorya We will inform centres about any changes to the specification. We will also publish changes on our website. The latest version of our specification will always be the one on our website (ocr.org.uk) and this may differ from printed versions. Copyright © 2014 OCR. All rights reserved. Copyright OCR retains the copyright on all its publications, including the specifications. However, registered centres for OCR are permitted to copy material from this specification booklet for their own internal use. Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations is a Company Limited by Guarantee. Registered in England. Registered company number 3484466. Registered office: Hills Road 1 Cambridge CB1 2EU. OCR is an exempt charity. Contents Introducing… AS Level History A (from September 2015) Teaching and learning resources iv Why choose an OCR AS Level in History A? 1 1a. Why choose an OCR qualification? 1 1b. Why choose an OCR AS Level in History A? 2 1c. What are the key features of this specification? 3 1d. 2 iii Professional Development 1 ii How do I find out more information? 3 4 2a. Overview of AS Level in History A (H105) 4 2b. Content of AS Level in History A (H105) 5 2c. Content of unit group 1: British period study and enquiry (Units Y131 to Y143) 8 2c. ...
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...U.S. Copyright Law (title 17 of U.S. code) governs the reproduction and redistribution of copyrighted material. Downloading this document for the purpose of redistribution is prohibited. HOW MORAL REVOLUTIONS HAPPEN Kwame Anthony Appiah W. W. N O R T O N & C O M P A N Y New York London Copyright © 2010 by Kwame Anthony Appiah All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America First Edition For information about permission to reproduce selections from this book, write to Permissions, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, N Y i o n o For information about special discounts for bulk purchases, please contact W. W. Norton Special Sales at specialsales@wwnorton.com or 800-233-4830 Manufacturing by Courier Westford Book design by Helene Berinsky Production manager: Devon Zahn Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Appiah, Anthony. The honor code : how moral revolutions happen / Kwame Anthony Appiah. — ist ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-393-07162-7 (hardcover) i. Social change —History 2. Social change—Moral and ethical aspects. 3. Honor—Social aspects—History. 4. Social ethics. I. Title. HM836.A67 2010 303.48'409—dc22 2010019086 W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10110 www.wwnorton.com W. W. Norton & Company Ltd. Castle House, 75/76 Wells Street, London W 1 T 3 Q T 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 pliijiilijff E MM ÉP l j ...
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...7 Technology and Control: the interactive dimensions of journalism Anthony Smith The newspaper and the novel were the first cultural forms to emerge directly from printing; they were both essentially publishing phenomena and developed in England in the aftermath of the expiration in 1695 of the Licensing Act when printers, no longer limited in numbers by statute, were free to flourish - or perish - according to the behaviour of the market. 1 Journalism has thus a similar relationship to printing as pop music to the phonograph or the film to photography: it depends upon an industrial activity, it involves the creative individual as a worker within a fairly complex process of manufacturing and distribution. The journalism is, as it were, the 'software' supplied to fill the 'hardware' of the newspaper system, and it thus serves as a pioneer example of the working of modern mechanical media. Unfortunately the newspaper is only now beginning to be studied historically as a media system;2 most of those interested in the history of the press have been hitherto concerned with the newspaper either as a component of 'Whig' history, concentrating on those elements which illustrate the great tide of public freedom swelling from the eighteenth century onwards,3 or else as a component of a kind of 'Whiggism-in-reverse', bringing out those elements which illustrate the increasing amiseration or exploitation of the new mass readership.4 Part of the interest in...
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...UCL-CLIE Pre-sessional courses 2013 UCL Pre-sessionals - Harvard Referencing System 2013 This document explains how you can reference your work according to the Harvard Referencing System (henceforth simply referred to as Harvard). While there are a number of different referencing systems used in academia worldwide, Harvard is the most common and, consequently, is the one most likely to be useful to you in your future academic studies. This is why we expect you to use Harvard for referencing on the Pre-sessional. Once you have been admitted to the university department where you will be studying for your degree, you should, however, check which system your department favours and adapt your referencing practices accordingly. This guide is only an introduction to Harvard, so if you find it does not fully cover your needs or you would like to take a more comprehensive look at Harvard, we suggest that you refer to either: Chapters 5 and 6 of The American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. Washington DC, USA: American Psychological Association. or: The American Psychological Association (APA) website at: www.apastyle.org. What is referencing? Referencing is a method for standardising and presenting systematically the words and ideas of others in your own writing. Such ideas may include direct quotations, facts, figures, ideas and theories from both published and unpublished works. Why reference? Referencing is...
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...OLD ENGLISH LITERATURE • Palaeolithic nomads from mainland Europe; • New inhabitants came from western and possibly north-western Europe (New Stone Age); • in the 2nd millennium BC new inhabitants came from the Low Countries and the middle Rhine (Stonehenge); • Between 800 and 200 BC Celtic peoples moved into Britain from mainland Europe (Iron Age) • first experience of a literate civilisation in 55 B.C. • remoter areas in Scotland retained independence • Ireland, never conquered by Rome, Celtic tradition • The language of the pre-Roman settlers - British (Welsh, Breton); Cornish; Irish and Scottish Gaelic (Celtic dialect) • The Romans up to the fifth century • Britain - a province of the Roman Empire 400 years • the first half of the 5th century the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes (N Germany, Jutland) • The initial wave of migration - 449 A. D. • the Venerable Bede (c. 673-735) • the Britain of his time comprised four nations English, British (Welsh), Picts, and Scots. • invaders resembling those of the Germans as described by Tacitus in his Germania. • a warrior race • the chieftain, the companions or comitatus. • the Celtic languages were supplanted (e.g. ass, bannock, crag). * Christianity spread from two different directions: * In the 5th century St Patrick converted Ireland, in the 7th century the north of England was converted by Irish monks; * in the south at the end of the 6th century Aethelberht of Kent allowed the monk Augustine...
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...levels. Social and cultural analysts have only recently started to investigate the wide variety of customs, values and social patterns that surround the game in different societies. This volume contributes to the widening focus of research by presenting new data and explanations of football-related violence. Episodes of violence associated with football are relatively infrequent, but the occasional violent events which attract great media attention have their roots in the rituals of the matches, the loyalties and identities of players and crowds and the wider cultures and politics of the host societies. This book provides a unique cross-national examination of patterns of order and conflict surrounding football matches from this perspective with examples provided by expert contributors from Scotland, England, Norway, the Netherlands, Italy, Argentina and the USA. This book will be of interest to an international readership of informed soccer and sport enthusiasts and students of sport, leisure, society, deviance and culture. Richard Giulianotti, Norman Bonney and Mike Hepworth are respectively Research Assistant, Senior Lecturer and Reader in the Department of Sociology, Aberdeen University, Scotland. Football, Violence and Social Identity Edited by Downloaded by [University of Ottawa] at 14:44 24 March 2014 Richard Giulianotti, Norman Bonney and Mike Hepworth London and New York First published 1994 by Routledge 11 New...
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...2, April 1994, Pages 161-177 ON PROOF AND PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS WILLIAM P. THURSTON This essay on the nature of proof and progress in mathematics was stimulated by the article of Jaffe and Quinn, “Theoretical Mathematics: Toward a cultural synthesis of mathematics and theoretical physics”. Their article raises interesting issues that mathematicians should pay more attention to, but it also perpetuates some widely held beliefs and attitudes that need to be questioned and examined. The article had one paragraph portraying some of my work in a way that diverges from my experience, and it also diverges from the observations of people in the field whom I’ve discussed it with as a reality check. After some reflection, it seemed to me that what Jaffe and Quinn wrote was an example of the phenomenon that people see what they are tuned to see. Their portrayal of my work resulted from projecting the sociology of mathematics onto a one-dimensional scale (speculation versus rigor) that ignores many basic phenomena. Responses to the Jaffe-Quinn article have been invited from a number of mathematicians, and I expect it to receive plenty of specific analysis and criticism from others. Therefore, I will concentrate in this essay on the positive rather than on the contranegative. I will describe my view of the process of mathematics, referring only occasionally to Jaffe and Quinn by way of comparison. In attempting to peel back layers of assumptions, it is important to try to begin with the right...
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...Jessica Anderson, Bryan Bennett, Emily Gutmann December 5, 2013 Management 306 The Hershey Company Introduction Trying to make chocolate chip cookies without eating all the chocolate chips first. Finally achieving the ever elusive perfect peel of a Reese’s cup wrapper. Breaking off a piece of a Kit Kat bar only to eat the whole thing anyways. These are all things everyone associates with one of the world’s leading candy companies, and that company is Hershey’s. The Hershey Company is one of the world’s leading manufacturers of chocolate and chocolate confectionary products. Hershey is a publicly owned company with over 14,000 employees and locations in over 90 countries. Hershey is known to manufacture many different products, including but not limited to Hershey Chocolate Chips and Chocolate Syrup; Kit Kat, Reese’s, Heath bars, Milk Duds, Goodbar, and many more. Hershey is a very interesting company, with a storied history, and proven business success. History The Hershey Chocolate Company began as a wholly owned subsidiary of Milton Hershey’s Lancaster Caramel Company in 1893. Soon after that William Murrie was hired to sell the excess product to other confectioners and he quickly turned the Hershey Company into a successful venture on its own. By 1895 the Hershey Company was making more than 114 chocolate products, and marketed several specifically to women and athletes. Hershey then realized the real market was in milk chocolate; he just needed to find a way to...
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