...Abstract Women leaders are great at what they do, but not many people know of the struggles that they had to overcome in order to get to the position they are at today. Dr. Karrin Wilks is one of the many female leaders out there who have come a long way to become Interim Provost and Senior Vice President of Medgar Evers College. Female Leader Since the ancient times, men have been the only gender allowed to be present in important meetings and discussions. Women were seen as a nuisance because men see women as creatures that tend to act impetuously. They are seen as someone who would act based on their emotions and because of that, they cannot get anything serious done. Men think that if every action is based on one’s emotions, for example if women did to want to sign a contract with someone they did not like, then they would have missed a great chance in being able to help their company’s finance problems. Society believed that women were only suitable to be caregivers while the men were the breadwinners. But then came World War II and men went off to war. Women entered the workforce and started working “male” jobs (jobs that were considered too physically hard for them). Slowly careers such as ones in the business field had more and more women entering them. Leadership roles no longer pertained to men only, but women as well. Many women have been given more control over their own lives. They not only work but have to take care of their family also. Even though they have...
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...Organizing Your Writing Sekou Konate Walden University Abstract Scholars discussed the issues of leadership, ethics, power and decision making. A review of the literature related to those topics to clearly make management moving and adapted to the context of organizational change by stating the theme to link the topic as a block. Title of the Paper in Full Goes Here Many authors described the change in their scholar works. This literature discussed the ethical, leadership, power and decision making regarding the organizational change. The purpose of my essay will be to demonstrate my ability to organize these different point of view in literature, synthesize different categories and then formulate the common themes among these articles The proposed solution for these different authors converged to make a pertinent social change regarding the leadership, the ethics, power, and the decision making in organizations. Those four topics related to management will be developed in different viewpoints in the same order as enumerated above. Leadership The author described the reflective change in individuals leading a societal project. Smith laid out a framework for leader undergoing an organization change. The author described the executive and management behavior regarding the implementation of principals to become a leader. According to Smith (2001), one of the main causes of successful organization’s failure is the lack of reflection. The author went on to suggest...
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...Leadership In today's organizations, flexibility, teamwork, trust and information sharing are replacing rigid structures, competitive individualism, control and secrecy. The leadership styles of women and men continues to differ as women increasingly enter leadership roles that traditionally are occupied mainly by men. Similarities in women and men leadership styles tend to out weigh the differences. Although revealing relatively small differences, women, more than men, appear to lead in styles that recommend them for leadership. In contrast, men, more than women, appear to lead in less advantageous styles by attending to supervisors' failures to meet standards and displaying behaviors that entail avoiding solving problems. The best leaders listen, motivate and provide support to their people. The leadership communication styles that women typically use make them better than men at negotiating. Some communication strengths for women leaders include: they enhance teamwork, they encourage innovation through collaboration, and they increase opportunities for continuous improvement because of open access to information. Communication strengths for men leaders include: they tend to set strong boundries, they assign clear responsibilities and they weed out weak performers. Companies may suffer by not developing and retaining some of the best talent, which is key in remaining competitive in the business world. The perceptions by...
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...Maoism ideology: Maoism is a form of communism developed by Mao Tse Tung. It is a doctrine to capture State power through a combination of armed insurgency, mass mobilization and strategic alliances. Propaganda and disinformation against State institutions are used as additional tools. Mao called this process, the ‘Protracted Peoples War’. The central theme of Maoist ideology is resorting to violence as a tool to capture State power. ‘Bearing of arms is non-negotiable’ as per the Maoist insurgency doctrine. Maoism has a definite view about how to get to socialism, and about what needs to be done to meet the basic needs of everyone in a poor country. Development is to be on an egalitarian basis—we are all in it together and everyone rises together. Unlike the earlier forms of Marxism-Leninism in which the urban proletariat was seen as the main source of revolution, and the countryside was largely ignored, Mao focused on the peasantry as a revolutionary force which, he said, could be mobilized by a Communist Party with their knowledge and leadership. The model for this was of course the Chinese Communist rural insurgency of the 1920s and 1930s, which eventually brought the Communist Party of China to power. Furthermore, unlike other forms of Marxism-Leninism in which large-scale industrial development were seen as a positive force, Maoism made all-round rural development the priority. Mao felt that this strategy made sense during the early stages of socialism in a country in which...
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...1- Women are overrepresented in the political arena in most parts of the world. b-F 2-One of the objectives of Ch.5 of text written by Handelman is ‘To understand many opportunities existing for women to have more educational higher rate of literacy than men. b-F 3-The consequences of gender inequality and exploitation are very limited. a-F 4- The Victorian values of the nineteenth century expanded the role of women in the work place and in politics. b-F 5- The gender gap expands when a country develops and the economy grows. b-F 6- In parts of Asia there are more positive signs that increased education that has enabled poorer urban women to secure better paid jobs. The situation is better for lower and upper class women not middle class women. They have educational and occupational opportunities that are comparable to those of men with the same social status. a- F 7- Commercialization of production techniques robbed women of their specialized labor functions which, in turn, increased their political power in the short term. a-F 8- It should be noted that the restoration of Brazilian democracy had the effect of mobilizing women at a higher level. Middle class women became more involved in national politics consolidating the ties they already had with the urban poor. a-T 9- Cuba has the worst record of trying to maintain gender equality in politics, but women are still overrepresented in the top ranks of political leadership. It remains a fact that traditional...
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...defined as concept of conflict over resources, role theory, this is any type of expectation that people have during the change, social constructionism, how reality is really seen by the business and employees, integration theory, social behavior that is looked at through micro/macro analysis, and finally, structural functionalism, this is meeting the individuals biological needs. Impact On Culture There is never a merger that begins and ends without a hitch. Conflicts will always be there. When there are two organizational cultures at work, the more dominant of the two will begin to take over. This can bring out resentment behaviors and alienations. By this happening, a power struggle begins. A good example of this is when General Motors merged with Daimler Benz. As the merger carried on it cause problems for both the American and German employees. The analysis in this case can be looked at what the mission are, the goals as well as the objectives for each business. As the completed analysis was done, the companies were...
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...refers to persons inhabiting towns and cities with benefits of improved social amenities and developed infrastructure. Conflict refers to a “peaceless” coexistence within a society. Lewis Coser (1913-2003) defines conflict as “a struggle over values and claims to scarce status, power and resources in which the aims of the opponents are to neutralize, injure, or eliminate their rivals.” He argued that intergroups and intragroups conflicts are part of social life defining relationships but not necessarily resulting in instability. Through conflict society can attain social change, come up with outstanding innovations and strengthen central powers in times of war. The conflict theory explains causes of conflict; its containment and potential modes of resolving these conflicts. The human race has experienced different forms of conflict that manifest in both physical and psycho-emotional forms. The conceptual analysis of the conflict theory is not based on specific theorist but an amalgamation of perspectives from different scholars trying to argue out causes, manifestation, containment and resolution of conflict. An example is Karl Max’s perspective of material acquisition and the distribution of resources in the society as resulting into power dynamics that later become a significant cause of...
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...village, Palakkad district, Kerala in the year 2000. The village economy which was primarily agrarian with a large number of labourers was affected adversely by the excessive use of water by the company. Further, the company promoted the use of waste material from the plant as fertiliser through which they solved the waste removal problem. But this practice eroded the soil fertility, contaminated the water and people developed various illnesses. The women had to walk long distance to fetch water due to drying of wells in the village. For the first time in 2002, the villagers protested against the plant. The struggle was ignored by the main political parties and the authorities did not respond positively. The face of the struggle was Mayilamma, a 50 year old tribal woman from the village. Later, when it was supported by another tribal activist group who fight for tribal land rights and a small militant organisation, the media started focusing on the issues in Plachimada. But the state tried to suppress the protest; several women were injured and arrested. These issues...
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...apart of the sociological community and she also happens to be the first African American woman to hold her role (Higginbotham 2008). Her leadership and independence lead African American woman today. During the 1900’s, Collins and Kimberly Crenshaw conceived the concept of intersectionality that dealt with the lives and experiences of individuals in their diversity (Hobbs, Rice 17). Intersectionality was described as women and men living multiple layers of identities and were experiencing oppression and privilege (Hobbs, Rice 18). Intersectionality explores gender, sexuality, race, class, disability, age, and much more but it is evident to men and women to display the positions of power. Patricia Hill Collins published,...
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...Different Types of Charismatic Leadership Krissy Island Liberty University Author Note Krissy Island, Student in Health Care Management with a minor in Human Resources at Liberty University. Abstract This paper will defines the different types of Charismatic leadership, whether it is used by a man or a woman. It will explore nine different articles to give a full broad view of how important charisma is when leadership is being obtained. The main charismatic leadership type that will try to be achieved is “Referent Power”. This paper will also go on to show how in business leadership is built and maintained. Also, how many famous leaders are prime examples of these charismatic leadership styles. It will go through the most powerful religious leaders, powerful business, and political powerhouses. This paper will show how each one possesses referent power and charismatic qualities and how they influence our decisions today. This paper will show how people use their charisma in daily day to day task and not even know they are using it. Keywords: Leadership, Charisma, Referent power Different Types of Charismatic Leadership There are different types of charismatic leadership. Charismatic leadership has cause some to debate over such a type of leadership. Some think it is difficult to define, such as Max Weber; he has also seriously tried to address the magical aspects...
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...number of African American women are succeeding on the long road to career advancement and leadership positions. Nevertheless, racism and sexism still hinder their efforts for career advancement and leadership positions. Black women are facing an intense combination of discrimination in American institutions. Because we live in a white male-dominated society, it is easy to underestimate African American women’s leadership potential and abilities. African American women are looked at as inferior beings, rather than as equals capable of accomplishing any and everything a man can. The purpose of this research will be to investigate how education influences career advancement and leadership positions of African American...
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...There were many prominent male figures in the Civil Rights Movement, such as Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, or A. Philip Randolph. However, many women played a large role in the movement. Rosa Parks became the symbol of the Montgomery Bus Boycott when she refused to give up her seat. Ella Baker helped form both the SNCC and the SCLC. Frances Beal brought up the issue of the exploitation of black women in America’s economic system. The role of gender was still an issue, as it was men who held more leadership positions. Without the involvement of women in the movement, charismatic leadership would have been the main way of leadership, and there would not have been as much group-centered leadership. The involvement of women in the movement brought...
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...of the Future of Women “Whatever women do they must do twice as well as men to be thought half as good. Luckily, this is not difficult”, Charlotte Whitton (The Soul Sisters). Hilary Clinton, Sarah Palin, and Oprah Winfrey are just a few names who have taken women leadership to the next level. But why does progress still seem to be a struggle for other women? Men seem to be dominating the political world in the U.S., and females seem to be striving to be the next powerhouses, but their professional image seems to be standing in the way of their future. Although women have made significant progress in obtaining low level leadership positions, their professional image continues to prevent them from receiving these same positions in higher forms. Political standards for future female candidates have become increasingly difficult to fulfill. The claim made for women not obtaining these higher level positions is simply because women are “less hierarchical, more cooperative and collaborative, and more oriented increasing other’s self-worth” (Eagly, pg. 2). Candidates for the job must be “likeable and tough” (Braude), which is seemingly become more and more difficult for female leaders these days when men are strong participants with these characteristics. When one wants to put a female and a male in a rink together, who would come out on top? The obvious choice would be the male, but it is not time to give a female the chance? The opportunity for women leaders to take control...
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...in the communicating skills. Females are more likely than males to indicate that they use an interactive style of management called transformational leadership. This leadership style was found to be correlated with lots of management skills associated with success. After doing lots of research I have found that females receive more developmental opportunities than their male colleagues. Through the early 1990’s, a growing body of research emerged that there were no gender differences in gender differences(Rosener , 1990). Although the work of Rosener have shaken lots of studies to find out if gender really play a part in your work place, they all have difference in opinion. Given the number of studies that have been done on this subject everyone has came up with different findings. Gender differences in such styles such as leadership and management it is important to emphasize that the research results may not provide enough evidence of gender differences in actual leadership behaviour and management effectiveness. Rather, the study provides insight into gender differences in self-rating of leadership styles and management skills. Women in much of the research have found to have more skills and more pride in their work. Males have pride but lack the communication that is needed to provide self-skills in doing a great job. Women were found to listen and pay more attention than their male colleagues...
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...that come from having both women and men working together. Women tend to be more highly rated on empathy, communication and people skills whereas men are more outgoing and co-operative in their leadership style (Appelbaum, Audet, & Miller, 2003, p. 48). The most important benefit is that men and women can learn from each other. By learning and adopting some of each other’s strengths the outcome will be better well rounded managers. The behavior of women and men in a group tends to differ in regards to the way they handle similar goals. Women are open and like to share and discuss problems which open up the opportunity to explore with others how to resolve the issue. Men prefer to work more independently and like to approach a problem one piece at a time. Men see themselves as either "one up or one down" in relation to others. They need to "preserve independence and avoid failure." Women, on the other hand, tend to see the world as a "network of connections," and their communications and interpretations of others' communications seek to "preserve intimacy and avoid isolation." (Hahn & Litwin, 1995). Both of these communication styles can work and they each have their own benefit. By women being open and getting others involved this can lead to too many opinions which can cause problems. Men on the other hand by working more independently may lose out on helpful input by others. Both men and women bring their own strengths to a project. Women tend to be more relationship...
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