...Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 30 Whose Solution is It? Development Ideology and the Work of MicroEntrepreneurs in Caribbean Context by Marina Karides, Florida Atlantic University An economic leader in the Caribbean, the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago has incorporated micro-business development as one of its main strategies to alleviate poverty and unemployment and to spawn economic growth since the late 1980s (ILO 1991, 1998, Ministry of Finance 1996). Although the discovery of natural gas in the early nineties catapulted Trinidad’s economic growth rate to four percent per annum, unemployment and poverty continue to affect a large portion of the population. The majority of the population has not benefited from Trinidad’s economic growth. Thus, the government has attempted to create “a nation of entrepreneurs” in order to relieve some of the inequality that defines the society (Ministry of Trade and Industry 1997). Trinidad’s expansion of micro-enterprise programs reflects an international trend. Endorsed by non-governmental organizations, private financial institutions, international development agencies, including the World Bank, many scholars and development practitioners also view microenterprise assistance as a panacea for Third World poverty (Johnson and Kidder, 1999; Mosley and Hulme, 1998; Dignard and Havet, 1995; Grosh and Somolekae, 1996; Rakowski, 1994). Micro-enterprise development programs generally consist of training in business skills or providing...
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...Mekelle University Institute of Environment, Gender and Development Studies Department of Gender and Development studies A Research Proposal On An Assessment on the role of micro and small enterprises on economic empowerment of women: a Survey of Women operated Enterprises the case of Mekelle city, Tigray In Partial fulfillment of the requirements for obtaining the Masters Degree in Gender and Development Studies By: Tsega Ymesel January, 2015 Mekelle, Ethiopia Table of Content Table page 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Background 2 1.2 Statement of the Problem 4 1.3 Objective 5 1.3.1 General Objective 5 1.3.2 Specific Objectives 5 1.4 Significant of the Study 6 1.5 Scope and limitation 6 1.6 Organization of the Paper 6 3. Methodology and Materials 7 3.1 Description of the Study Area 7 3.2 Research Method and Procedures 8 3.2.1 Data type and Source 8 3.2.2 Study Design 8 3.2.2.1 Sampling 8 3.2.2.1.1 Sample frame 8 3.2.2.1.2 Sample Size Determination 8 3.2.2.1.3 Sampling Techniques and sample Size 8 3.2.3 Data collection and Instruments 9 3.2.4 Variables of the study 9 3.2.5 Data Processing and Analysis 9 3.2.6 Model Specification 10 REFERENCE 12 1. Introduction There are different ways of defining the term small and micro enterprises in different countries. The base for defining is depends on the number...
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...Problems in developing small scale enterprises in Bangladesh There are a huge number of problems in the question of developing small scale enterprises in Bangladesh, which are discussed below: Individuality: Maximum small scale enterprises are owned by the individuals and an individual has obviously some limitation. Lower Per Capita Income: Per capita income of our people is low and for this reason our people are not being able to generate adequate capital to run the business efficiently. Unskilled Human Resources: Human resources of our country are not skilled this is a problem with developing small scale enterprises in Bangladesh. The economic environment of our country is not hundred percent suitable for operating the business another cause of the restrictions. Excessive import of foreign product: Excessive import of foreign product in our country is another reason cause when the people of the country will be mainly dependent on the imported product then the entrepreneurs will loose their interest to develop small scale enterprises. Political instability: Political instability of our country is another reason for developing the small scale enterprises rate slow. Political environment of our country is not suitable enough to run the efficient business in our society. Deterioration of Morality: Public moral is getting down means most of our people are loosing their moral and for this reason developing small scale enterprises in Bangladesh is not so easy like the other...
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...ISSN:0975-9999 MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSME) IN INDIA: AN APPRAISAL Dr.S,Ganapathy Associate professor C.Mayilsamy Doctoral research scholar, Department of International Business and commerce, Alagappa University, karaikudi. ABSTRACT Micro small and medium enterprises help in promoting economic growth and employment opportunity. Before 2006 this sector was called as a Small Scale Industry. Thereafter it was converted as an MSME sector. The MSME growth is incomparable by the help of bank credit. Micro small and medium enterprises and their role in economic growth and employment generation in the Indian context .the article how policy environment for promoting MSMEs changed from ‘protectionism ‘during the pre-1990s to ‘export orientation’ during the post-1990s. The key constraint faced by the MSMEs including access to credit and technology, redtapism and the like. The MSEs to promote the rural economy for in general and rural women empowerment in particularly the rural women are taken ,economic improvement ,social development, and individual decision making through the . MSEs.the MSEs are promoting the rural entrepreneurship. Key words: MSME, SME , SSI, Credit Rating Introduction Indian economy based on rural economy .Father of nation mahatma Gandhi told India “lives in village”. T he r eal national development through the rural economy .the development of rural economy through the r ur al bas ed micr o, small a nd medium enterprises, The most of the entrepreneurs...
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...Women’s Entrepreneurship through SME: Growth and Development in the context of Bangladesh Afiya Sultana * Lecturer, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Post Box- 1079, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Abstract: Women’s entrepreneurship is an inevitable part of country’s economic development process. The main objective of this study is to having an overview of women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh and growth situation through SME. The issue covered by this study are socio-demographic profile of women entrepreneur, types of women owned entrepreneur, regulatory procedures, training and capacity building and human resources development through women’s empowerment. The study also focused on role of SME to promoting women entrepreneurs. It also explores the social perspective of women entrepreneurs as well as the impact of these entrepreneurs on the economic development of Bangladesh. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods adapting with primary data collection process were applied to explore information from sample unit of women entrepreneur of Chittagong region in Bangladesh. A semi structured questionnaire survey was conducted to collect primary data. Data were analyzed using various statistical software including SPSS, MS Excel. The findings shows that women’s entrepreneurship of Bangladesh is growing at accelerate rate and their contribution to socio- economic development is significant. It is observed that 62.5% of the...
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...Priority Sector Schemes- a) Credit assistance to women entrepreneurs in tiny and SSI sector b) Credit Assistance to women beneficiaries in other Priority Sector Schemes c) Credit facilities to women entrepreneurs under various Govt. sponsored schemes like -Prime Minister's Rozgar Yojana(PMRY) -Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana(SGSY) -Swarnjayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana(SJSRY) -Differential Rate of Interest Scheme(DRI) -Micro Credit to Self-Help Groups(SHGs) PNB Finance for Women (Including Housewives) [pic] PNB enables housewives and other ladies to supplement family incomes and to use their spare time profitably through this scheme by taking up projects as artisans, or under village and cottage industries, SSI, small business and retail trade. Industrial projects requiring higher assistance may also be considered under the scheme of financing small-scale industries. Eligibility Any Woman/Housewife, 18 years of age and above, living at a place for more than 6 months, who has not been a member of any industrial co-operative society and not indebted to any cooperative or state agency. |Amount of loan | | |[pic] | Need based, subject to ceiling of Rs.25,000/- per borrower for purchase of machinery/equipment etc. and meeting...
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...Women-Empowerment through Women Entrepreneurship (A study of Faizabad Zone of Uttar-Pradesh) Nivedita Dwivedi Lecturer College of Home Science Narendra Dev University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumargunj, Faizabad, Uttar-Pradesh (India) E-mail: nivedita.tewari@gmail.com & Dr. Amit Kumar Dwivedi Assistant Faculty Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India (EDII) P.O: Bhat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat (India) PIN: 382 428, Phone: +91-079-23969153 E-mail: akdwivedi@ediindia.org, dwivedipgdm@gmail.com Mobile: +91-9725525219 Keywords: Women-empowerment, Entrepreneurship, Beauty-parlor business, Socio-economic development. 0 Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1886250 Women-Empowerment through Women Entrepreneurship (A study of Faizabad Zone of Uttar-Pradesh) Nivedita Dwivedi & Amit Kumar Dwivedi “An enterprise owned and controlled by a women having a minimum financial interest of 51 percent of the capital and giving atleast 51 percent of the employment generated in the enterprise to women".(Govt. of India) Women are regarded as better half of the society. In traditional Indian societies, they were confined to four walls. In modern society, they come out of four walls to participate in all types of activities including entrepreneurship. In India empowering women through entrepreneurship has become an integral part of our development efforts because of 3 important reasons; i). Women development, ii). Economic growth and iii). Social stability. Present...
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...of Micro and Small Enterprises on Economic Empowerment of Women: A survey of Women Operated Urban Agriculture Enterprises in Wukro Woreda, Tigray Group Members 1. Bersabeh Elias 2. Dagmawit Meried 3. Kalkidan Amdie 4. Kalkidan Wubie 5. Maria Alemu June 21/2014 Addis Ababa Content Introduction ? i. Title page * The title page did not have a page number (which is correct) * The purpose of the research was clearly specified as : A Research Proposal Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Development Studies * Name of the researcher is stated: * Advisor and co-advisors are mentioned * Place, Month and year (December 2011) is also mentioned ii. Acronyms Abbreviation should have come before/at the beginning of the proposal next to title page. (The abbreviations are in alphabetic order, which is correct) The following abbreviations are used in the proposal but not found in the list of abbreviations FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization FDRE – Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia HIV/AIDS – Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immuno- Deficiency Syndrome MFI – Micro Finance Institution MSE –Small and Medium Sized Enterprises NAP-GE – National Action Plan for Gender Equality NGO – Non Governmental Organization REWA – Revolutionary Ethiopian Women’s Association UN – United Nation UNDP – United Nations Development Program UA – Urban...
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...of social entrepreneurs and engages it in shaping global, regional and industry agendas that improve the state of the world in close collaboration with the other stakeholders of the World Economic Forum. Social entrepreneurship is about applying practical, innovative and sustainable approaches to benefit society in general, with an emphasis on those who are marginalized and poor. It is a term that captures a unique approach to economic and social problems, an approach that cuts across sectors and disciplines grounded in certain values and processes that are common to each social entrepreneur, independent of whether his/ her area of focus has been education, health, welfare reform, human rights, workers' rights, environment, economic development, agriculture, etc., or whether the organizations they set up are non-profit or for-profit entities. It is this approach that sets the social entrepreneur apart from the rest of the crowd of well-meaning people and organizations who dedicate their lives to social improvement. About organizational models * Leveraged non-profit ventures The entrepreneur sets up a non-profit organization to drive the adoption of an innovation that addresses a market or government failure. In doing so, the entrepreneur engages a cross section of society, including private and public organizations, to drive forward the innovation through a multiplier effect. Leveraged non-profit ventures continuously depend on outside philanthropic funding, but their...
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...Characteristics/Profiles of Bangladeshi Entrepreneurs Several studies were done in order to identify the characteristics or profiles of Bangladeshi entrepreneurs. Papanek (1969) observed psychological trait of risk taking among the people of the then East Pakistan(now Bangladesh). Farouk (1983) did a survey on Bangladeshi entrepreneurs and in this survey he focused on the biography of successful Bangladeshi entrepreneurs. He found that Bangladeshi entrepreneurs are generally hard working, honest, religious, trustworthy, reliable, and less educated and live simple lives. Most of the entrepreneurs in this survey had poor educational background and were not good students. Generally these entrepreneurs come from three groups: 1. Those families who have been in business or industry by tradition and their children Are now in business, 2. Retired government officers or politicians or their family members. 3. Those that began small but achieved considerable success by their personal efforts. Rahman (1989) found that Bangladeshi Entrepreneurs possess some characteristics that are similar to characteristics of entrepreneurs in other countries. He did an extensive survey on 5 living Bangladeshi entrepreneurs and found that they are hard workers, truthful, religious, simple living, honest, sincere, good leaders; task oriented and had capacity to influence others. The highest educational degree they achieved was the Bachelors degree. Most of them started their businesses...
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... SUPPLIER REGISTRATION FORM / QUESTIONAIRE Contents: Part A: Documents to be submitted Part B: General Particulars Part C: BBBEE – Empowerment Part D: BBBEE - Human Resource Development Part E: BBBEE - Indirect Empowerment Part F: BBBEE - Residual Part G: Services Part H: Declaration For office use ONLY |Date Received | | |Received By | | |Validation | | |Approved/Declined by | | |Capture Date | | |Vendor No | | General Information 1. Please note that submission of this form to SAPO does not in any manner imply automatic registration or awarding of contracts. 2. The information provided in this form will be treated as confidential and will not be disclosed to any third party. 3. The information will be used only for the purpose of assessing your enterprise in terms of our policy. 4. South African Post Office reserves the right to request additional information or documents, or to perform audit procedures to substantiate or verify any of the answers provided in the questions...
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...CARE Bangladesh CARE is one of the world's largest private international humanitarian organizations, committed to helping families in poor communities improve their lives and achieve lasting victories over poverty. Founded in 1945, CARE is working across 70 countries fighting global poverty. By addressing the underlying causes of poverty, CARE promotes sustainable development models to empower and benefit the poorest and marginalized. With an annual global budget of USD 650 million, CARE’s programming benefits nearly 65 million people each year and more than half of them are women. CARE places special focus on working alongside poor women because, equipped with the proper resources, women have the power to help their families and entire communities escape poverty. Working for 60 years in Bangladesh, CARE has extensive programming experience in a range of sectors including food security; women’s empowerment; health and nutrition; agriculture and natural resources; disaster risk reduction; education; HIV/AIDS; emergency response; and urban poverty reduction. CARE Bangladesh is currently implementing 24 projects in partnership with 63 local and national NGOs, receiving funding from a number of donors including USAID, DFID, UNDP, EC, the Gates Foundation and more than 30 private companies. Through a network of eight field offices with well-developed communications and operating procedures, and experienced, highly qualified staff, CARE’s programming covers 42 out of 64 districts...
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...School of Business United International University FINANCING OPTIONS FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES): EXPLORING NON-BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS AN ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF FINANCING THE CASE OF BANGLADESH Submitted To Submitted By James Bakul Sarkar Md. Moniruzzaman Assistant Professor ID: 111091381 School of Business Bachelor of Business Administration Bachelor’s Degree Thesis in Business Administration ACRONYMS SMES SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES NBFI NON BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS. FFS FORMAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM IFS INFORMAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM FMF FEDERAL MINISTRY OF FINANCE CBN CENTRAL BANK OF NIGERIA NDIC NIGERIAN DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION SEC SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NIC NATIONAL INSURANCE COMMISSION FMBN FEDERAL MORTGAGE BANK OF NIGERIA NDIC NIGERIA DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION SEC SECURITY AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NAICOM NATIONAL INSURANCE COMMISSION ABSTRACT TITLE: FINANCING OPTIONS FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (SMES): EXPLORING NON-BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS AN ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF FINANCING. AUTHOR: Md. Moniruzzaman SUPERVISOR: James Bakul Sarkar DEPARTMENT: School of Business, United International University COURSE: Bachelor’s Thesis...
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...Research Proposal Topic: THE IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL NETWORKING TO ENHANCE WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN SMEs Introduction In this dynamic business world entrepreneurship has inferred special significance, as it is a key driver to economic development. The objectives of industrial development, regional growth, and employment generation depend upon entrepreneurship. Consequently entrepreneurs are, thus the seeds of industrial development and the fruits of this development are greater employment job opportunities to unemployed people. Entrepreneurship leads to higher income, increases in per capita income, higher standard of living, and individual saving, revenue to the government in the form of various taxes. The recent concept of “entrepreneurial networking/social networking” has emerged as one of the contributing factors to growth of enterprises (Davidsson and Honig, 2003; Lam, Leibbrandt, & Mlatsheni, 2007). Information is a major resource for men and women entrepreneurs and can connect to marketplaces, suppliers; costs, technology, and networking have appeared as valuable for contributing assistance to entrepreneurs. The networking is becoming popular and a valuable way to get hold of relevant information to get competitive advantages. Networking provides entrepreneurs a variety of priceless sources not previously in ownership and assist to accomplish their goals (Hansen, 1995; Jenssen, 2001; Ripolles and Blesa, 2005; Welter and Kautonen, 2005). Networking can be...
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...Women are generally perceived as home makers with little to do with economy or commerce. But this picture is changing. In Modern India, more and more women are taking up entrepreneurial activity especially in medium and small scale enterprises. Even as women are receiving education, they face the prospect of unemployment. In this background, self employment is regarded as a cure to generate income .The Planning commission as well as the Indian government recognizes the need for women to be part of the mainstream of economic development. Women entrepreneurship is seen as an effective strategy to solve the problems of rural and urban poverty. Traditionally, women in India have been generally found in low productive sectors such as agriculture and household activities. Human Development Report 2004 ranks India 103 in Gender related Development Index (GDI). As per 2001 census; women constitute nearly half of India’s population. Out of this total, 72% were engaged in agriculture, 21.7% in other non agricultural pursuits with only 6.3% in household industries. Women entrepreneurs in India are handicapped in the matter of organizing and running businesses on account of their generally low levels of skills and for want of support system. The transition from homemaker to sophisticated business woman is not that easy. But the trend is changing. Women across India are showing an interest to be economically independent. Women are coming forth to the business arena with ideas to...
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