...Why he not she? : The Exclusion of Black Women in places of authority in the black church Black women’s vocalization in the Black Christian church is facing retrenchment. Black women are prevented from obtaining high positions in the pulpit, they are persecuted due to patriarchal roots, and the women with existing positons in the church are mocked. Black women preachers and Black women pastors . Preachers can preach the gospel while Pastors are allowed to lead the denomination. The church has its own rules and its own language. Some church terms are misinterpreted and used interchangeable, It is popular vernacular to refer to a Black Christian church as just a Black church. During the Transatlantic slave trade Christianity was used to enslave Africans. The descendant of those Africans also known as African Americans adopted Christianity and turned it into their motivation. Modern day African Americans are also known as Black Americans or the shortened term Black, the reasoning for that belongs in another scholarly paper....
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...Impressionist Oil on paper, canvas, use of landscapes Jean Baptishe Camden Corot 1796-1875) greens and browns oil paintings Theodore Rosassea Panamaric View of the Idle de France 1830 Swiss Landscapes – Alexandrie Claawe 1830 Claude Mouet 1872 Auguste Reninor Gabriel Metsu oil on panel and oak Mostly about people, single portraits, old men and women doing simple things eating, writing holding a pipe, sick child The Artist as Prodical Son 1661 oil on panel Christ on the Cross 1664 oil on canvas the light shining on a lady who is kneeling at the cross to emphasize the hurt she is feeling seeing God on the cross. 3 people in the picture 1 man 2 women Modern Art Frank Stella, American 1936 Flin, Fion IV 1969 Polymer and fluorescent polymer paint on canvas Terry Winters – 1949 Bitmer, 1986 oil on linen Georgia O’Keefer 1887-1986 Jack in the Pulpit Nov 1930 oil on canvas Cubism Piet Mondrian – Dutch 1872-1944 Teablean No. IV Lozenge Composition with Red, Gray, Blue, Yellow and Black 1924/1925 Oil on canvas Max Weber -1881-19 Rush Hour NewYork 1915 Pablo Pisassco Nude Women 1910 oil on canvas Scuptor Head of a women 1909 bronze Modern and Contemparty Art Raskshaw Downes- Bird’s eye view of NY cont cent and contruction 1982 oil on canvas Henri Matisse cut outs collages of color paper for a book called Jazz La Negresse 1952 paper collage on canvas Jackson Pollock (1912-1956) Lavender Mist , Nov 1, 1950 oil, enemal and aluminum on canvas Alexander Calder...
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...that all men and women are created equal.” She pushed for women’s equality throughout daily life beginning by speaking at the Seneca Falls Convention, which would become to be known as The Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions. Women’s protests for equal rights would eventually take off. She believed that women had equitable intelligence that made them deserving of equal treatment through government action and daily life. Elizabeth Cady Stanton wanted educational rights for women by telling the government that educated minds fabricate independence among individuals. “An uneducated women, trained to dependence, with no resources in herself must make a failure in any position in life.” (Solitude, 2). Education, now, is viewed more as a necessity to encourage the growth of our minds, but Elizabeth Cady Stanton was fighting during the later 1800s, when women did not have the right to go to school. Thus, education was more of a luxury, for the wealthy few. “But society says women do not need a knowledge of the world; the liberal training that experience in public life must give, all the advantages of collegiate education; but when for the lack of all this, this woman’s happiness is...
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...Barriers to Critical Thinking The first barrier that influences my critical thinking is religion and enculturation. I grew up in the Baptist tradition and so did my family. A lot of what I learned and was taught was traditional to the Baptist denomination. Women were not allowed to preach and the way Sunday service was orchestrated was in a traditional and religious kind of way in all the Baptist churches in my home town. When I grew up and moved away, I joined a Baptist church, but got tired of the barriers towards women. So I switched to non-denomination. I looked at the Baptist denomination in a critical way that made me despise all Baptist churches. After doing some research, I learned that not all Baptist churches hold barriers against women and encourage and welcome the calling on a woman’s life to preach from behind the pulpit of their churches, which changed the way I thought and felt about the Baptist denomination as a whole. As this relates also to enculturation, people that belong to the Baptist denomination also have beliefs when it comes to marriage and raising children. It is a part of their culture as a whole. After doing research on Baptist marriages, the divorce rate is lower. According to author and Baptist pastor Glenn Stanton (2011), many people who seriously practice a traditional religious faith—be it Christian or other—have a divorce rate markedly lower than the general population. The second barrier that influences my critical thinking is self-serving...
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...Women and Religion in Brazil Faith has always been considered to be a strong source of motivation in the lives of many Brazilian men and women. For many years, Brazilian women from African decent in particular have been regarded as the backbone of the church. Many congregations of churches are predominantly women, while spiritual leaders of many churches are nearly all male. Brazilian women have experienced a system of oppression, racism, and sexism, yet have remained supportive of their male counterparts. The significant contribution Brazilian women have made to the development of the Brazilian church often goes unnoticed. Although Brazilian women were not able to achieve ordination within the religious structure, their leadership and ability to persuade spiritual leaders made them an influential voice in the Brazilian church. This research paper will examine the roles of Brazilian women in the Brazilian Church in the progressive era with a particular interest in the early nineteenth century to the early twentieth century. During the progressive era, Brazilian women re-shaped the Brazilian church to a public political forum where Brazilians could engage in discourse and educate others, setting the stage for organized political movement. At the same time that middle-class Brazilian women were encouraging Brazilians to embrace “La Raca Negra” they were also endorsing the “politics of respectability” in their efforts to work for the uplift and reform of their own race....
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...Modesty in the Pulpit ACTIVITY DISCUSSION: Please read the following story for discussion: Today's question has to do with one we all deal with and that is how to dress as clergy; What is considered appropriate clergy/ministers apparel? Susan: I typically wear black slacks (many different cuts and fabrics) or mom jeans with a turtleneck (usually white) or a shell and a jacket (usually with a mandarin collar). Lisa: I was recently at a clergy meeting where one of the other clergywomen caused quite a sensation. She's recently divorced, 50 years old and quite attractive (very nice figure). She attended this meeting in a very low cut pair of jeans, a midriff shirt and platform heels. (mind you, this is a gathering of clergy and the rest of us were in our "Sunday" clothes.) What caused all the twittering was her tat -- what is called by my youth group a "tramp stamp" and the fact that her thong "handles" were hanging out. I really don't think we got much business done that day. The elder in charge said nothing, in fact, nothing was said until an older gentlemen looked at her said, "And this is the reason that women shouldn't be clergy." After that, as the saying goes, all hell broke out. I thought that people were going to be hurt.... Mary: While at an informal meeting at church several of the female pastors of this particular church were dressed in fashionable jeans and colorful spring tops. They were either scoop necked or buttoned at the neck and were short...
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...In this section the author Isenberg begins by emphasizing the two leading movements the began 1900, eugenic movement and Darwinism. She says, that Du Bois in his speech declared that social Darwinism had found such a favor in America because the very idea of survival of the fittest ratified the reactionary racial politics that already prevailed. Darwin endorsed an inevitable inequality among men and the races of men that no philanthropy ought to eliminate. This theory stressed the necessity for human intervention to improve the race thought better breeding. Eugenicist compared good human stock to thoroughbreds equating the wellborn with superior ability and inherited fitness. Pseudoscience, masquerading as hereditary science, provided Americans...
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...transformation that is only lived once in a lifetime? I have! It happened on August 14, 2004, about 5 years ago. I had no idea that that specific day, the history of my life would be changed. I never imagined, who I was about to meet. I payed the 30 bucks, prepared my blanket, pillow, clothing, and headed out with my sister, to an adventurer. I installed myself. I didn't know what to expect, I didn't know what was to happen. Somehow I felt anxious and nervous, but why? The weather was cold, and I was in line waiting for the doors to open. The two big wooden doors were opened, and as I was walking in I saw many young men and women clapping, they where clapping for me, they where cheering me on, they looked at me as though I was important and significant. But why? I seated down, and a preacher walked up to the pulpit. He started talking about him, about his love, and his forgiveness. I suddenly started sobbing, I couldn't stop, I had never sobbed so much in my life! What was happening inside me, that things of my past started taking place in my mind? It was as though he was confronting me, he made me know what hurt, what had marked my childhood, and my entire life. It was Saturday, the next day. I was there just waiting for him to talk to me, to come and rescue me. I was open to his love, to his transformation. I Ready to receive what I had searched for, for years. I suddenly heard the noise of metal chairs being picked up, I opened my eyes and...
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...at the church. The streets were extremely narrow and they had cars parked on either side - trucks, vans, cars – making it nearly impossible for moving vehicles to run past each other. As I drove up I could not help but notice how all the buildings were built so close together, it was difficult to see where each building began. Once I paid closer attention to the houses I noticed the obvious iron gates which bordered each individual home. The buildings were poorly painted a peachy pink color it seemed as if we were in the middle of a rundown apartment complex because of how dirty each building seemed. Through the gates you could see people carrying on their normal daily routine in their homes like little kids playing with their neighbors, women yelling at their children, and people arriving home. The pavement was grey and rocky which made it challenging to walk, in heels not like the neatly paved streets in California, small craters were found every three steps you took. I felt as if I was the only person suffering when I turned to see how all the natives could flow through all the ground’s...
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...dhimmis2 and their dependents would not only be exempt from the payment of Jizyah but would be given regular financial support as long as they would reside within the boundary of the Islamic State. While explaining sadaqah, Maulana Shibli Nu'mani, the author of 'Umar al-Faruq, says that it was meant for the Muslim beggars and the needy dhimmis.3 The Bayt al-Mal al-Khas was the personel treasury of the Umayyad, Abbasid and other caliphs, their princes and harems. According to a Mez, the learned German author of the Renaissance of Islam, the State Chest was kept at, Fustat in front of the pulpit of Amr's Mosque and it had wooden steps and iron doors with a lock.4 As early as 97 and 99 H/715 A.D. 'Uthamah b. Zaid (who had lead the Syrian expedition under caliph Abu Bakr (R) in 632 A. D.) while posted as the director of finance in al-Fustat built a qubbah on pillars in front of the minbar (pulpit) of the Mosque of Amr for the Bayt al-Mal of Egypt.5 The treasury stood in a Syrian Mosque at Barda on nine columns and had iron doors and a leaden roof.6 The caliph al-Mu'tadid of Baghdad (270-89 H/892-902 A.D.) built a house for his private treasures and got its joints filled with lead. He kept the money in purses with the seal of the treasurers. The Ikhshid rulers of Egypt kept the money in sacks made of nets of steel wire inside the armory. While other Muslim rulers of the 10th century kept it in the chest. Maqqari says that the treasures were always kept in sealed jars within...
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...In “Invisible Black Women Leaders in the Civil Rights Movement: The Triple Constraints of Gender, Race, and Class,” by Bernice McNair Barnett, Barnett explores the intersectionality of race, gender, and class and its effects on African American women and their unique experience in the Civil Rights Movement. During the Civil Rights Movements, women were allowed to participate, and they even played essential roles that helped to further the movement. From helping to organize the famous Bus Boycott, raising money, and initiating protests, black women in the Civil Rights Movement had a significant hand in creating one of the social movements. However, because of their gender, African American women weren’t allowed to receive any recognition for...
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...utilizing tools for advocating women’s rights. Elizabeth Cady Stanton was the brave author and advocate of this amazing document set before the government apposing legitimate rights for all women across the U.S. With the help of other women who were “fed up,” Elizabeth Stanton, stood and presented the first ever, unlawful acts against, that were posed upon woman in the 18th century and every year before that. In Seneca Falls, NY in 1848 at the very first women’s rights convention, was where the independence of women’s rights finally took a turn for the better. Not only was “The Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions,” presented during the same month that the congress passed “The Declaration of Independence,” but was actually rooted back to the very same objective as “The Declaration of Independence.” Elizabeth Cady Stanton was one of the most influential women of the 19th century. Leading campaigns for women’s rights, Stanton’s goal was focused on "gaining opportunities for women such as; the right to appeal for a divorce, the right for complete custody of her own children, property rights, and her most fundamental demand at that time was for; women’s right to vote. Stanton was determined to put a stop to segregation between men and woman but also wished to instill independence and self-reliance in women nationwide. Within doing so, Stanton revised many imperative speeches, not only “The Declaration of Sentiments,” but also “The Woman’s Bible,” such speeches referred back to the original...
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...Women have suffered all sorts of discrimination and have been treated poorly by virtually every society around the world for as long as history has been recorded. There have been many different theories that were suggested as to why this has been the case, from raising children, to division of labor, to inborn dominant genes. The question that needs to be answered as far as women being treated as second class citizens are not whether some men may have treated some women badly, but to discover how the historical tradition has dealt with the role of women over the years. This sexual ethics proposal is to provide religious communities and society at large with the knowledge and framework needed to recognize and acknowledge past association of...
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...In this story Chaucer is describing the story that the Pardoner is telling to the other pilgrims. The Pardoner is what we would consider a priest in the present time. “Then, priestlike in my pulpit, with a frown, I stand, and when the yokels have sat down, I preach, as you have heard me say before, and tell a hundred lying mockeries more.” (Geoffrey Chaucer, Pardoner’s Prologue, lines 9-12, pg. 125). Here the Pardoner says that he preaches to the people what they want to hear. He knows that they are lies, but does not care what he tells them as long as he is benefited by it. In Chaucer’s time period the church was said to be the all holy estate, but here he shows just how hypocritical that I can be. “Out come the pence, and specifically for myself, for my exclusive purpose is to win and not at all to castigate their sin. Once dead what matter how their souls may fare? They can go blackberrying, for all I care!” (Geoffrey Chaucer, Pardoner’s Prologue, lines 20-24, pg. 125-126). Here the Pardoner specifically states that he does not care for those around him, and only for his own personal gain. Chaucer used this satire as a form to hide his hate for the...
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...2016 Freed Black and White Women in Liberia In 1822 the American Colonization Society(ACS), emigrated freed black slaves to Liberia located in West Africa, however, during this time the indigenous had already been living there (Brown, Education in Liberia, 46). Unfortunately, there is not much information on women in the colonization. “Scholars have written surprisingly little on the role of women in the movement. The few historians who have studied women in the colonization movement have examined the rise and decline of female support in the South” (Younger, Philadelphia Ladies Liberia School Association and the Rise and Decline of Northern Female Colonization Support, 237). To fully understand the social aspect of how women were affected in Liberia I will examine the Mississippi women’s colonial experience in Liberia as well as education during the American Colonization particularly in Philadelphia including influential female colonists, the history of the Philadelphia Ladies’ Liberia School Association, and the reasons colonization flourished and failed in Philadelphia. According to Thomas Jefferson in 1787 he believed “Blacks would never achieve full equality in the United States,” Black women in the South were seen as these controlling images or stereotypes that it is natural for women to experience racism, sexism, and poverty. White people saw them as sexually immoral, hypersexual, hyper fertile, or too masculine. Marcus Wood implied women were expected to portray these...
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