...Research Paper: The Atomic Bomb Strayer University His 360: Twentieth Century World Research Paper: The Atomic Bomb March, 2011 Micheal McMillin Professor Curran Research Paper: Atomic Bomb: I. Executive Summary. On August Sixth and Ninth in 1945 the Japanese Island’s two cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki were bombed with a new type of weapon. The Atomic bomb created to end the Second World War, and to showcase The United States in becoming a Superpower. After the Atomic Bomb use it would affect the cities of Japan for years to come, but also the world leading to a new arms race that still affects us today. II. Essay How can one describe the power of the Atomic Bomb? With the power to bring two cities to its knees and kill thousands of people and affect people for years to come. The Atomic Bomb was used to bring Japan’s unconstitutional surrender. The used of this weapon is still under massive debate, even to this day. Was it ethical to use the Atomic Bomb not once, but twice on one nation? In using the Atomic Bomb on Japan it showed the world the deadly weapon the United States had created it. In the use of the Atomic Bomb we show the world and more importantly Russia what we developed. Now this Atomic age had begun as we enter the time known aa the Cold War. In the late 1930’s European and American physicists discovered how the fission of atoms could create a powerful an explosive weapon. In the year 1939 Albert Einstein would write a letter to President...
Words: 1567 - Pages: 7
...and how did it evolve? How was the decision made to drop the bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and how did the bombing end the war? (be specific and complete) Essay – The Manhattan project was central to the United States efforts in constructing a nuclear bomb during the Second World War. Motivated by the fear of an enemy attack from the Nazi’s, the United States was able to develop the world’s most devastating bombs, which would end up killing more than 200,000 Japanese citizens in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In this way, the Manhattan project essentially grew out of America’s efforts to defend themselves against a potential Nazi attack. Hungarian scientist Leo Szilard, after escaping to America, realized that if the Nazis acquired the works recently conducted on nuclear fission, they might be able to construct a nuclear bomb and dominate the world with its destruction. He then convinced Albert Einstein of the impending Nazi threat and Einstein took the initiative to alert the United States by writing a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In the letter sent in August 1939, right before the start of the war, Einstein advised that the United States be wary of the threat of nuclear weaponry in the hands of the enemy and that they should begin a weapons building program of their own. A very small committee was established to look into the science and development of a bomb, funded by a mere $6,000. President Franklin D. Roosevelt authorized ten million dollars in funding by June...
Words: 2270 - Pages: 10
...Trung Pham Professor John D. Kearney History 1302 16 July 2014 Exam One Writing Assignment While reading Hiroshima by John Hersey, Chapter Two: The Fire, stood of particular interest to me and later became what I regarded to be the most significant chapter of the entire novel. It vividly encaptures the absolute terror the people of Hiroshima faced in the wake of the explosion. From the viewpoints of six survivors, I was able to imagine just how devastating the force of the atomic bomb could be. The Reverend Mr. Kiyoshi Tanimoto, of the Hiroshima Methodist Church, had noticed that “not just a patch of Koi, as he had expected, but as much of Hiroshima as he could see through the clouded air was giving off a thick, dreadful miasma” (Hersey 18). Fearful for his family and church, he ran into the city amidst burning houses and charred trees as thousands were fleeing, desperate to find them. At the same time, Mrs. Hatsuyo Nakamura, a tailor’s widow, having just pulled herself out of the ruins of her own house, struggled to free her youngest daughter Myeko, who was “buried breast-deep and unable to move” (Hersey 18). The third survivor, Father Wilhelm Kleinsorge, S.J., a German priest, gathered whatever he could and hurried to reunite with the other members of his mission house, many of who were injured and required immediate medical attention (Hersey 21). The fourth, a physician by the name of Masakazu Fujii, was trapped between wooden beams above the...
Words: 798 - Pages: 4
...of the science behind the creation of the atomic bomb · An evaluation of Albert Einstein’s letter to President Roosevelt The first section of this investigation will deliver factual material from sources with accurate references. The next section is an evaluation...
Words: 2078 - Pages: 9
...In August 1945, the most fatal weapon of destruction was dropped on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki; an event that ended the lives of 129,000 people and ended one of the most obstructive wars in history, World War II. It was a decision that affected the view of America and raised a lot of questions on whether it was the necessary thing to do. It was a decision that caused great damage but it ended something that would’ve continued to hurt the country. How did the atomic bomb emerge and how was it created? Were there no other ways to end the war? The truth is, America needed a demonstration; they not only need to put an end to World War II, but they also needed to intimidate the Soviet Union and Russia. No one had known what an atom bomb was or how...
Words: 1572 - Pages: 7
...War; A state of usually open and declared hostile conflict between states or nations - the definition of war defined by The Merriam Webster. Throughout history, thousands - if not millions - of wars have been fought: spanning many nations around the world and resulting in both violence and peace. Since 1900 there has been roughly 500 major wars or conflicts; a pathetic 19 of the 500 battles concluded without violence. Despite the common cries of people proclaiming violence is never the answer, armed conflict is the underlying foundation of why today (2015) a majority of the world is at peace and so many nations bear sovereignty. Despite heroes like Napoleon or Dwight D. Eisenhower securing national independence for their given Country, it came...
Words: 785 - Pages: 4
...The use of an atomic bomb is something that has lingered in the conscience of many Americans since the American B-29 Enola Gay dropped the first atomic bomb ever used on August 6, 1945. The United States was urging Japan to surrender, when they refused to comply with these terms, the bomb was dropped and 100,000 people were killed. Two professors of American History, Robert James Maddox and Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, share their opposing views on weather the atomic bomb was necessary to end World War II. Maddox claims that the atomic bomb forced the Japanese army to agree to surrender, which significantly saved more lives than would have been lost. Hasegawa asserts that the Soviet invasion of Japan was a more prominent reasoning for surrender in comparison to the use of the atomic bomb and considers alternatives that seemed to be overlooked by military leaders. A meeting was held at the White House on June 18, 1945. A committee was assembled to consider the major issues concerning the use of the bomb that would present its opinion to the president, army chiefs and secretaries. Army chief of Staff General George C. Marshall was asked to present future war plans. They suggested an operation that was code-named Olympic which would be the invasion of Kyushu to blockade and stage an invasion of Japan’s main island. They then recommended to Truman, “the bomb should be used against Japan as soon as possible… against a military target surrounded by other buildings… without prior warning...
Words: 1459 - Pages: 6
...the main atomic weapons amid World War II. It was driven by the United States with the backing of the United Kingdom and Canada. From 1942 to 1946, the task was under the bearing of Major General Leslie Groves of the U.S. Armed force Corps of Engineers; physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer was the executive of the Los Alamos National Laboratory that planned the genuine bombs. The Army segment of the venture was assigned the Manhattan District; "Manhattan" bit by bit superseded the authority codename, Development of Substitute Materials, for the whole venture. Along the way, the venture assimilated its before British partner, Tube Alloys. The Manhattan Project started humbly in 1939, yet developed to utilize more than 130,000 individuals and cost almost US$2 billion . More than 90% of the expense was for building processing plants and creating the fissile materials, with under 10% for advancement and generation of the weapons. Exploration and generation occurred at more than 30 destinations over the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada. Two sorts of nuclear bomb were produced amid the war; a generally straightforward firearm sort splitting weapon was made utilizing uranium while a more intricate plutonium implosion-sort weapon was planned simultaneously. For the Gun-Type weapon advancement uranium-235 was required. Synthetically indistinguishable to the most well-known isotope, uranium-238, and with practically the same mass, it demonstrated hard to discrete the two. Three...
Words: 1592 - Pages: 7
...used a massive, atomic weapon against Hiroshima, Japan. This atomic bomb, the equivalent of 20,000 tons of TNT, flattened the city, killing tens of thousands of civilians. While Japan was still trying to comprehend this devastation three days later, the United States struck again, this time, on Nagasaki.[1] The atomic bombings of the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan were conducted by the United States during the final stages of World War II in 1945. These two events represent the only use of nuclear weapons in war to date. [2] Following a firebombing campaign that destroyed many Japanese cities, the Allies prepared for a costly invasion of Japan. The war in Europe ended when Nazi Germany signed its instrument of surrender on 8 May, but the Pacific War continued. Together with the United Kingdom and the Republic of China, the United States called for a surrender of Japan in the Potsdam Declaration on 26 July 1945, threatening Japan with "prompt and utter destruction". The Japanese government ignored this ultimatum, and the United States deployed two nuclear weapons developed by the Manhattan Project. American airmen dropped Little Boy on the city of Hiroshima on 6 August 1945, followed by Fat Man over Nagasaki on 9 August.[3] Within the first two to four months of the bombings, the acute effects killed 90,000–166,000 people in Hiroshima and 60,000–80,000 in Nagasaki, with roughly half of the deaths in each city occurring on the first day.[4] The Hiroshima prefecture health...
Words: 4469 - Pages: 18
...Aviation and the Military | 30 November2011 | By: Michelle Hays | How the development of Aviation shaped our early twentieth Century Military | On 17 December 1903, just outside of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, Orville and Wilbur Wright made a major impact on history when they successfully launched the first motorized airplane; not only on our society as a whole but also the United States military and the way wars would be fought forever. Because of this one specific day in history the Wright brothers are accredited for the first of countless days in our history that we contribute what we know today as aviation. On that one day, the brothers sustained a total of four flights with only a small twelve horse power engine with the longest flight lasting a mere fifty-nine seconds at a distance of 852 feet. On the fourth flight of the day, Flyer 1 tumbled and crashed. Obviously not all was lost, history was made and inventions in the aviation industry began to grow. The historical first flight by Orville and Wilbert Wright did not make the front page news; it was very trivial headlines at the time. For instance, page ten of the Washington Times article dated 19 December 1903 in column four, High Gale No Bar to Flying Machine. The article described the flying machine and how the brothers got off the ground. The New York Tribune 19 December 1903 also had a small article but not until page five; Flying Machine Works Successful Trial by Ohio Men with Machine on Box Kite Plan...
Words: 3248 - Pages: 13
...NUCLEAR WEAPONS AND THE ESCALATION OF THE COLD WAR, 1945-1962 David Holloway, Stanford University Nuclear weapons are so central to the history of the Cold War that it can be difficult to disentangle the two. Did nuclear weapons cause the Cold War? Did they contribute to its escalation? Did they help to keep the Cold War “cold?” We should ask also how the Cold War shaped the development of atomic energy. Was the nuclear arms race a product of Cold War tension rather than its cause? The Atomic Bomb and the Origins of the Cold War The nuclear age began before the Cold War. During World War II, three countries decided to build the atomic bomb: Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union. Britain put its own work aside and joined the Manhattan Project as a junior partner in 1943. The Soviet effort was small before August 1945. The British and American projects were driven by the fear of a German atomic bomb, but Germany decided in 1942 not to make a serious effort to build the bomb. In an extraordinary display of scientific and industrial might, the United States made two bombs ready for use by August 1945. Germany was defeated by then, but President Truman decided to use the bomb against Japan. The decision to use the atomic bomb has been a matter of intense controversy. Did Truman decide to bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki in order, as he claimed, to end the war with Japan without further loss of American lives? Or did he drop the bombs in order to intimidate the Soviet Union...
Words: 8814 - Pages: 36
...History Exam Review Notes WW1: Causes: Militarism: the belief in the power of strong armies/navies to decide issues - Germany began to build up their armies - European nations became alarmed by others military power - Each country tried to build larger/more powerful war machines; new technology Alliance System: Alliances- groups formed in Europe to support each other in attack - War between two nations would involve more than one country - Triple Entente- Russia, Britain, France - Triple Alliance- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy Nationalism: a feeling of deep loyalty to one’s own land - Germany wanted to make empire - Nationalism strong in Serbia à led to assassination of Duke Franz Ferdinand Imperialism: industrialized countries building oversea empires; desire to have a bigger empire - Major imperialist countries à France, Britain, Russia - Germany wanted to expand/dominate on global scale, but by the time they wanted to build own empire, no valuable territories remained Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand, 1914 - Serbian Gavrilo Princip shot Austro-Hungarian Duke Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie, on the road back from City Hall; goal was to crush Austria-Hungary’s nationalism Alliances Triple Entente- Russia, Britain, France Triple Alliance- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy Schlieffen Plans German General that created a plan that was used by the Germans in hope to defeat France ...
Words: 1584 - Pages: 7
...World War II: Its Causes, Effects, and the Aftermath An American Story History 202 Matt Shaffer July 22, 2010 Known as one of the bloodiest wars in world history, World War II brought about many new changes of how wars are fought and had a great impact on humanity. More than 50 countries were involved in the war, and the entire world felt its effects. World War II killed more people, was more expensive, and created more drastic changes in almost every country than any other war in history. Tactical warfare was greatly influenced, as well as the major player for the center of world power. Following World War I, the United States conquered the entire world market of food and industry. Germany, Japan, and Italy became anxious to expand and increase their power, and they felt as though they were at a disadvantage in trying to compete with other countries for world markets. These three nations felt that other nations unjustly controlled the majority of the world’s wealth. As a result, they began to find lands to take over that they believed to be their cut of the world’s resources. In helping on doing so, military leaders in Japan took over the government, and Adolf Hitler became the chancellor of Germany. By 1939, there was an all out war in Europe (“Stanovov,” 2000). In America, people were divided on their opinions of the United States involvement in the war. Most wanted the Allied nations to prevail; however, they also wanted the U.S. to stay out of the war. Others...
Words: 1764 - Pages: 8
...AP EH CH. 27---THE DEEPENING OF THE EUROPEAN CRISIS: WW II I. PRELUDE TO WAR (1933-1939) ---the efforts at collective security in the 1920s---the League of Nations, the attempts at disarmament, the pacts and the treaties---all proved meaningless in view of the growth of Nazi Germany and its deliberate scrapping of the postwar settlement in the 1930s ---World War II was largely made possible by the failure of Britain and France to oppose strongly flagrant German violations of the Treaty of Versailles A. The Role of Hitler 1. WW II in Europe had its beginnings in the ideas of Adolf Hitler, who believed that only Aryans were capable of building a great civilization 2. Hitler was a firm believer in the doctrine of Lebensraum which stated that a nation’s power depended on the amount and kind of land it occupied 3. Hitler thought that the Russian Revolution created conditions for Germany’s acquisition of land to its “racially inferior Slavic” east (Mein Kampf spelled out Hitler’s desire to expand eastward and to prepare for the inevitable war with the “Bolshevik Jew-led” Soviet Union) 4. Hitler always returned to his basic ideological plans for racial supremacy and empire as keys to the blueprint for achieving his goals 5. Hitler’s desire to create an Aryan empire led to slave labor and even mass extermination on a scale that would have been incomprehensible to previous generations of Germans (or anybody else outside...
Words: 5075 - Pages: 21
...CHAPTER World War II 24 Learning Outcomes After reading this chapter, you should be able to do the following: LO 1 Explain the various causes of World War II. LO 2 Explain America’s foreign policy that developed after World War I and that was in place at the beginning of World War II, and describe how that policy changed as the war progressed. LO 3 Describe the events of World War II, both in Europe and in the Pacific, and explain why the United States acted as it did throughout the conflict. LO 4 Describe and discuss the American home front during World War II, paying special attention to long-term societal changes. LO 5 Explain how World War II was brought to an end, both in Europe and in the Pacific, and discuss the immediate aftermath of the war both in America and around the world. 9781133438212, HIST2, Volume 2, Kevin M. Schultz - © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. No distribution allowed without express authorization Just as World War II transformed the world, it also transformed the United States’s role in world affairs. “ ” If the New Deal could not end the Great Depression, a world war would. Beginning in the late 1930s, talk of war became more insistent and The Second World War can be seen as an energizing urgent in Europe. The finanevent in American history rather than a destructive one. cial uncertainty of the worldStrongly Disagree Strongly Agree wide depression had created 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 political vulnerabilities that...
Words: 11653 - Pages: 47
