...January, February, March & April, May, June 2006 BURN WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF Euphorbia hirta Jaiprakash.B1, Chandramohan2, D.Narasimha Reddy1 CMR College of Pharmacy, C.A.No.5, Bhuvanagiri, OMBR Layout, Bangalore-560 043. 2 Bharathi College of Pharmacy, Bharathi Nagar, Mandya (Dt), Karnataka Received : 19-10-2005 Accepted : 12-12-2005 ABSTRACT The Ethanolic extract of whole plant of Euphorbia hirta was screened for burn wound healing activity in rats as 2% W/W cream. The study was carried out based on the assessment of percentage reduction in original wound. It showed significant burn wound healing activity. INTRODUCTION: Tissue damage from excessive heat, electricity, radioactivity or corrosive chemicals that destroy (denature) protein in the exposed cells is called a burn. Burns disrupt haemostasis because they destroy the protection afforded by the skin. They permit microbial invasion and infection, loss of body fluid and loss of thermoregulation.1 Several indigenous drugs have been described in Ayurveda (an ancient Indian system of Medicine) for the management of wounds and burns. Hence, in an attempt to study the wound healing activity of several locally available indigenous herbs, we studied and reported the wound healing activity of the ethonalic extract of the whole plant of Euphorbia hirta in various models like excision, incision and dead space wounds.2 In this communication we report the bourn wound healing activity of the same. Euphorbia hirta Linn. Syn. Euphorbia...
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...Wounds are injuries that break the skin or other body tissues. They include cuts, scrapes, scratches, and punctured skin. The skin of the elderly may degenerate on its own and sometimes even without the presence of an injury. Elderly wound care is a significant and important part of the duties for nursing staff. Bedsores, ulcers and other types of wounds require lots of treatment and attention, which is a major responsibility for licensed nursing staff (Bock, M. (2003). However, there are instances when improper elderly wound care can result in further health complications or even early death. There are a number of types of chronic wounds that may require to be treated in a nursing facility. The different types of wounds are lacerations, abrasions, contusions, and avulsions. There are a lot of factors that determines wound closure, the type of wound, size, the location of wound, how long-standing the wound is, condition of the patient, whether infection is present, and urgency of closure. Pressure ulcers often occur because of limited mobility and confining physical structures such as wheelchairs and bed rails. With elimination of pressure, a good blood supply, and adequate nutrition, the pressure ulcers will generally heal. With our aging population, chronic diseases that compromise skin integrity such as diabetes, peripheral vascular disease (venous hypertension, arterial insufficiency) are becoming increasingly common. Skin breakdown with ulcer and chronic wound formation...
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... Submission Date | 30.04.2013 | Word Count | | Discuss The Factors Which Influence The Processes Involved In Wound Healing 1. Introduction A wound is defined by its aetiology, anatomical location, acute or chronic stages, and the method of closure by its presenting symptoms and predominant tissue types in the wound bed. Injury to the skin or underlying tissues/ organs caused by surgery, a blow, a cut, chemicals, heat/ cold, friction/ shear force, pressure or as a result of disease, such as leg ulcers or carcinomas, Infectious (bacterial, Virus); Immunologic (Autoimmune disease; Genetic derangement e.g. Sickle cell anaemia); Nutritional (Vitamin deficiency; Oxygen imbalance) and Metabolic imbalance (ATP depletion) breakdowns the protective function of the skin by losing the continuity of epithelium, with or without the loss of underlying connective tissues (i.e. muscle, bone, nerves). Hence, the immune system initiates to recover wounds through complex pathways. Wound healing consists of four stages which are in the order hemostasis...
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...The Beneficial Use of Honey in Wound Management Introduction The use of honey for medicinal purposes has been around for thousands of years. It has been documented to the era of the ancient Egyptians, to the days of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, even to the battles of World War I. The use of honey has so far declined due to the advances in medicine; however, the improvements in antibiotics are not without flaws. Antibiotic-resistant microbes have proved to be a widespread problem in wound management in all health-care settings. This incline of antibiotic-resistance resulted in a renewed interest in honey for the use in wound therapy. Considered by most clinicians as “complementary” or “alternative” medicine, the purpose of the four articles on this specific topic was to provide academic thought into whether honey should be an acceptable form of wound management. The authors of the respectable articles thoroughly discussed each point of view in a matter that created a profound insight of the use of honey and its properties in wound care. Benefits According to Sharp (2009), honey “possesses antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, promotes debridement, deodorizes wounds, maintains a moist wound environment and stimulates healing” (p. 66). Honey has been discovered to be rich in antioxidants, maintains a low pH environment, facilitates osmosis to create a moist wound bed, and produces natural hydrogen peroxide from glucose oxidation. These...
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...Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology April 28, 2016 Chronic Inflammation and Wound Repair Mark A. Lerman, D.M.D. Associate Professor and Division Director of Oral Pathology Tufts University School of Dental Medicine Inflammation • Introduction • Acute inflammation – Vascular changes – Cellular events – Hereditary defects • Chronic inflammation – Cellular mediators – Granulomatous inflammation • Tissue Repair Inflammation • Chronic inflammation – Cellular mediators – Granulomatous inflammation • Tissue repair – Cell and tissue regeneration – Scar formation – Factors influencing repair Chronic Inflammation • Inflammation of prolonged duration (weeks-years) – Continuing inflammation – Tissue injury – Healing Chronic Inflammation • Characterized by – Lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages – Tissue destruction – Repair Chronic Inflammation • Arises in setting of – Persistent infections • Treponema pallidum • Mycobacterium, viruses, and fungi – Immune-mediated disease • Hypersensitivity reactions • Autoimmune diseases – Prolonged exposure to toxins • Silica • Crystal Macrophages Dominant cells of chronic inflammation Tissue cells derived from blood monocytes Fusion of activated macrophages forms multinucleated giant cells Mononuclear phagocyte system (reticuloendothelial system) includes cells scattered in connective tissue, liver (Kupffer cells), spleen and lymph nodes (sinus histiocytes)...
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...Inference | Plan of care | Nursing Interventions | Rationale | Evaluation | Subjective:“ sakit sugat ko dito ma” as verbalized by the patientObjective: * Localized erythema and edema * (+) pruritus on the site of the incision. * (+) Facial grimace * (+)Irritability * (+) Guarding behavior * (+) Crying * (+) VS normal T= 36.8 ‘ c PR= 77 RR= 25 * Pain assessment>Location: Right post auricular area>Interval: frequent | Acute pain related to tissue trauma secondary to incision and drainage as manifested by * Localized erythema and edema * Pruritus on the site of the incision * Facial grimace * Irritability * Crying * Guarding behavior * Frequent interval of pain | Nociceptive stimuli(wound/inflammation)↓Nerve fibers (nociceptor) ↓ ↓A-delta fiber C-fiber (fast) (slow) ↓ ↓ Spinal cord & Dorsal horn pain modulating circuit (primary touch fiber) Neospino- Paleospino- thalamic thalamic tract (sharp, tract (dull,bright pain) aching pain) Substantia Gelatinosa (synapse) Thalamus (center of awareness of pain) Cerebral Cortex (center of interpretation) Responses | After 6 hours of nursing interventions, the pain will be...
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...Hindawi Publishing Corporation Dermatology Research and Practice Volume 2010, Article ID 893080, 13 pages doi:10.1155/2010/893080 Review Article Acne Scars: Pathogenesis, Classification and Treatment Gabriella Fabbrocini, M. C. Annunziata, V. D’Arco, V. De Vita, G. Lodi, M. C. Mauriello, F. Pastore, and G. Monfrecola Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Systematic Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80133 Napoli, Italy Correspondence should be addressed to Gabriella Fabbrocini, gafabbro@unina.it Received 17 March 2010; Revised 7 September 2010; Accepted 28 September 2010 Academic Editor: Daniel Berg Copyright © 2010 Gabriella Fabbrocini et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Acne has a prevalence of over 90% among adolescents and persists into adulthood in approximately 12%–14% of cases with psychological and social implications. Possible outcomes of the inflammatory acne lesions are acne scars which, although they can be treated in a number of ways, may have a negative psychological impact on social life and relationships. The main types of acne scars are atrophic and hypertrophic scars. The pathogenesis of acne scarring is still not fully understood, but several hypotheses have been proposed. There are numerous treatments: chemical peels, dermabrasion/microdermabrasion...
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...Discharge Teaching Plan Form Your Instructor’s Name: Professor Halpin-Garcia Purpose: The focus of this assignment is identifying patient’s needs and analysis and synthesis of details within the written client record and planning an appropriate discharge plan with necessary patient teaching of the disease process. Points: This assignment is worth a total of 150 points. Directions: Please refer to the Discharge Teaching Plan Guidelines found in Doc Sharing for details about how to complete this form. Remember there is a 6 page maximum limit on this assignment. Type your answers on this form. Click “Save as” and save the file with the assignment name and your last name, e.g., “NR305_Discharge_Teaching_Plan_Form_Smith” When you are finished, submit the form to the Teaching Plan Dropbox by the deadline indicated in your guidelines. Post questions in the Q & A Forum or contact your instructor if you have questions about this assignment. Look at the EXAMPLE in the first assessment area. This is NOT an all-inclusive response and you will need to add your responses as well. Please be sure to review your guidelines. Discharge | Need(s) identified. | Teaching technique or approach to problem identified.Describe content. | Rationale for choosing this technique/approach. | Example:Diabetes Education | These are some ideas, there may be others that you identify. * Understanding of disease process * Understanding of action of medications. * What else does Tina need education...
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...Kristal Pascual Experience Paper: Diabetes NRS-427V Grand Canyon University Experience Paper A day in the life of someone whom is living with Type 1 (T1) or 2 (T2) diabetes is fill with multiple routines to follow through with and possibly some unexpected events. Anyone living or around persons with diabetes should be educated about the signs and symptoms of hypo/hyperglycemia. Education through writing and visual aids can help people to be better aware of what to do to help in those situations. Most individuals will not ask question when learn about this as they feel it is a burden, but this is the opportunity to help them gain the best knowledge. The teaching plan used was a pamphlet, this included the basics of what T1 and T2 diabetes is, signs and symptoms, possible complications, treatments and healthy eating and exercise. First individuals were educated about how T1 is normally seen in children and it is where insulin is not produced and also how T2 is where insulin is produced just not enough to keep up with the needs. (Diabetes Basic, 1995) Next discussed were the possible symptoms for diagnosis such as excessive hungry or thirst, excessive elimination patterns and fatigue. Complications were explained that if it is not controlled it could lead to more serious illnesses including Glaucoma, early cataracts, neuropathy in hands and feet, hypertension or stroke. The treatments for some of the signs and symptoms were then discussed. Lastly we spoke about healthy eating...
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...------O: 40 y.o. Caucasian male. General: well-groomed, pleasant male. Patient had stage four pressure ulcer on sacrum. Removed wound dressing. There was 5% of thin serosanguineous drainage on ABD dressing. There was 20% of thin serosanguineous drainage on 4x4s. There was 50%of thin serosanguineous drainage on the kerlix super sponges. No unusual odor noted. Irrigated wound with NS, fluid returned clear. Obtained wound culture, sent to lab. Wound measured 10cm x 7.7cm. In the wound bed there was slough from 11 o’clock to 1 o’clock position and from 4 o’clock to 5 o’clock position. Slough making up 20% of wound bed. 80% of wound bed was granulation tissue. Bone was showing in the middle of wound. No redness or edema noted. No ecchymosis noted. Wound not approximated. Applied sterile wet-to-dry dressing. Patient tolerated procedure well. No signs of facial grimacing or guarding during procedure. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A: Impaired skin integrity related to physical immobility as evidenced by stage four pressure ulcer on sacrum. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P: The nurse will reposition patient q2h to prevent further skin breakdown. The nurse will assess the wound daily for redness, swelling, warmth, pain and...
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...Dietary Protein Increase and the Promotion of Wound Healing in Diabetic Adult Patients Dietary Protein Increase and the Promotion of Wound Healing in Diabetic Adult Patients Introduction There are approximately 23 million people diagnosed with diabetes in the U.S. (American Diabetes Association, 2012) and this population continues to grow. There are multiple complications associated with diabetes. One major and expensive complication is diabetic wounds. The cost of care in the U.S. alone for this population is approximately $245 Billion annually. (American Diabetes Association, 2012) Proper wound care is an essential step in the wound healing process, however,wound care alone is not sufficient. Nutritional status is extremely important in wound healing. Diabetic patients need to be educated and assessed for protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) as the body’s nutritional needs significantly increase during the wound healing process (Demling, 2009). Supplementation (especially protein) and the importance of it for wound healing need to be discussed with the patient. Without all the necessary interventions applied the process of wound healing can be lengthy and may lead to infection, excessive hospitalization and potential amputations. Understanding the body’s nutritional needs and how the body uses protein in the repair process is imperative. The recommendation for the amount of protein supplementation is between 0.8grams/kilogram to 1.2 grams/kilogram and is based on patient...
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...Review SKIN FUNCTION AND WOUND HEALING PHYSIOLOGY John Timmons is Clinical Manager, Wounds UK and Tissue Viabiliy Nurse, Aberdeen Regular evaluation and the setting of goals is essential to monitor the progress of the patient and their wound.To do this, is important to understand the physiology of the skin and the way normal wound healing progresses in order to plan and provide effective wound management. This article describes the structure and function of the skin and outlines the four normal phases of healing. Wound healing is an exciting and continually developing field, with new technologies and research playing a large part in improving the quality of patient care. The role of the nurse in wound care is all encompassing, stretching from the initial assessment of the wound and the patient, to making the correct decisions about treatment and beyond. Regular evaluation, and the setting of goals is essential to monitor the progress of the patient and the wound. To do this, a baseline knowledge of the functions and anatomy of the skin and wound healing physiology is required. Figure 1. When the skin is breached, it is important to close the defect as quickly as possible, thereby preventing infection from occurring. vital substances (Graham-Brown and Burns, 1998). the nerve endings present in the skin allow the body to detect pain, and changes in temperature, touch and pressure. 8Sensation: Functions of the skin The skin, often referred to as the largest body...
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...to gauze in managing surgical wounds healing by secondary intention in the U.S. and the U.K. Most sutured wounds will heal within the time they’re supposed to and without ever having a problem. However, for a wound to heal properly depends on internal and external factors that can result in complications. For example, a wound will heal much slower if there is sign of an infection, or wound dehiscence (the bursting open of a surgically closed wound) or the presence of foreign material. If this happens, the wounds become hollow and would need to heal by secondary intention (wound left open to heal from the inside out). Other surgical wounds that are not as serious and don’t need stitches such as abscesses, are left to heal by secondary intention. And wounds healing by secondary intention need to be “filled with new tissue via granulation, epithelialization (consisting of cells joined by small amounts of cementing substances), and maturation” (to produce or discharge pus, as a wound). (Guest & Ruiz, 2005) Wounds healing by secondary intention are thought to heal more slowly than wounds healing by primary intention (wounds mechanically held closed either through staples, tape sutures glue, etc) especially if infection is present, or healing is compromised by the factors I have listed above. Also, wounds healing by secondary intention must have dressing that not only is the same size, depth and shape, but will also be able to protect the wound...
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...Education on Wound Care for Diabetic Patients Education on Wound Care for Diabetic Patients Abstract Non-compliance of wound care management has increased the risk of infection and amputations. Diabetes wound care management is an important and fundamental aspect when it comes to diabetes teaching and education. Assessment of the feet daily and at a primary care office will provide information such as noncompliance, risks for neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, macro-vascular disease, and possible amputation. Education provided by health care practitioners to the diabetic population will promote decrease in risk for further complications and the patient to be involved in their own care. Assessment, treatment, and education on wound care management with the involvement of the patient will increase the patient’s quality of life and be very beneficial to both the practitioner and the patient. Keywords: diabetic wound care management, diabetic ulcer care, outpatient diabetes management, diabetic care management Introduction Working in a primary care setting will involve a multitude of disease processes- diabetes mellitus being one of them. Diabetes is a disease that is characterized by high levels of blood glucose with a defect in insulin secretion and cell resistance. Without proper management, diabetes may lead to other issues in health. Examples of such, would be, delay in wound healing, leading to foot ulcerations, which thus increases the risk for amputations...
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...Wound Care Specialists has a current ownership structure of a LLC. This company is majority owned by Cressey Company, with founders being other majority owners. They are located within fourteen states. Those states are AR, LA, MS, FL, GA, IL, KS, MO, MS, NE, NM, OH, OK, and TX. Within these fourteen states there are a total of ninety-five clinics. These clinics are filled with hospital services such as critical access, acute care, LTAC, and HBO. They also have a series of products that are typically involved with wound care. There website being http://www.woundcarespecialists.com/ take a look and see how professional and how deliberate they are for employers as they are for customers. ” Wound Care Specialists is one of America’s largest operators...
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