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Zara Corporate Governance & Internal Auditing

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LES 1. Praktijkopdracht 2. Corporate governance & internal auditing

Corporate Governance wordt uitvoerig besproken in het jaarverslag van 2012 van Inditex. ZARA is onderdeel van deze organisatie. Zo kent de Inditex Groep een ‘duurzaamheidsstrategie’. ZARA streeft naar het bevorderen van duurzame ontwikkeling in de samenleving en omgeving en heeft deze aspecten dan ook in haar bedrijfsmodel geïntegreerd.

Interne auditafdeling
Audit & Control Committee
In onderstaand figuur is de plaats van de interne audit te zien in de organisatie van Inditex, waar ZARA onderdeel van uitmaakt.

ZARA kent een Audit and Control Committee die de auditafdeling aanstuurt. Deze committee bestaat uit een voorzitter, secretaris en 5 bestuursleden. De hoofdactiviteiten van de audit & control committee zijn als volgt weergeven: * Periodieke financiële informatie, jaarrekening en accountantsverklaring
De audit & control committee herziet de financiele en economische informatie, voorafgaande aan de goedkeuring door het Raad van Bestuur. Hiermee overlegt zij met het managementteam en de externe accountant.

* Efficiëntie en onafhankelijkheid van de accountants * Interne & externe audit
De directeur van de interne (en externe) auditafdeling zijn aanwezig bij de vergaderingen die de Audit & Control Committee houdt. In deze vergaderingen dient het committee naar behoren geinformeerd te worden door de interne auditafdeling. De audit en control committee overziet deze activiteiten en dient goedkeuring aan de activiteiten en het budget te geven. * Risicobeoordeling
Het committee dient jaarlijks het risicoprofiel van de onderneming te erkennen. * Jaarlijkse Corporate Governance Rapport
Het committee dient het jaarlijkse Corporate Governance Rapport goed te keuren. * Triple Report: financieel, sociaal en milieu
Het opstellen van een duurzaamheidsverslag, gebaseerd op het raamwerk opgesteld door de GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) * Het beoordelen van de gedragscodes van de onderneming * Het jaarlijkse rapport opstellen van het Audit & Control Committee
De auditteams / auditafdeling en de bijbehorende auditobjecten
Inditex kent auditteams die te maken hebben met verschillende raakvlakken. Hiernaast maakt Inditex ook gebruik van vele externe audits. In deze paragraaf zal enkel aandacht besteed worden aan de interne auditteams. De vaste auditteams van Inditex die benoemd worden in het jaarverslag zijn de corporate audits en de technical audits.
Corporate audits (social audits)
Inditex kent een intern en extern supply chain auditteam die in totaal uit meer dan 700 werknemers bestaan. De corporate audits zijn erop gericht om het ‘Compliance Programme’ te beoordelen, waaronder de implementatie van de Inditex gedragscode valt. De methodologie die hierbij gebruik wordt heet ‘Tested to Wear’. De audits zijn erop gericht om de mate van naleefbaarheid van de gedragscodes van de gehele productieketen te evalueren. Dit auditteam houdt zich dus onder andere bezig met de leveranciers. Zij dienen tevens hun verantwoordelijk te dragen indien ze samen willen werken met ZARA.ZARA streeft naar een stabiele en duurzame supply chain. Hierbij stelt ZARA dus niet enkel haar eigen bedrijf, maar ook haar leveranciers verantwoordelijk om deze doelstelling in het maatschappelijk belang te behalen. De interne auditteams evalueren hierbij: de gedragscode en gegeven workshops, de principes van de Verenigde Naties, de code van de ETI, ‘Better Work Programme’, de aanbeveling van de GRI en de ITGLWF.
Technical audits
In het jaarrapport van 2014 komen twee audits naar voren die te maken hebben met de producten: productgezondheid en productveiligheid. * Productgezondheid – Clear to wear: Uitvoering van technische audits op stomerijen, printers en wasserijen * Productveiligheid – Safe to wear: Uitvoering van technische audits tijdens kledingworkshops
Ook worden er projectmatige auditteams opgezet om eens om het aantal jaar een bepaald proces in het bedrijf verder te beoordelen.
Auditobjecten ZARA
Hierboven zijn de daadwerkelijke auditteams van ZARA als onderdeel van de Inditex-groep genoemd. Hieronder volgt een verdere toelichting op de belangrijke auditobjecten van ZARA. Deze objecten zijn gebaseerd op de strategie van ZARA, zoals in praktijkopdracht 1 verder is uitgelegd.
Financial audit
‘Controle van interne financiële verantwoordingen, inclusief de administratieve organisatie en de totstandkoming van de interne jaarrekening’.
Financial audit zal voor ieder bedrijf een belangrijk auditpunt zijn. Het is immers belangrijk dat de geldende wet- en regelgeving nageleefd wordt.
Operational audit
‘Onderzoek naar de inrichting en aansturing van de organisatie maar ook naar de opzet en kwaliteit van allocatie-, informatie-, communicatie- en controlesystemen. Ter verbetering van de operationele activiteiten wordt er daarnaast gekeken naar de effectiviteit en efficiency van bedrijfsprocessen’.
ZARA heeft veel processen in de bedrijfsketen zelf in de hand. Zo produceert zij haar kleding zelf. Effectiviteit en efficiency zijn belangrijke bouwstenen waarop de strategie van het bedrijf gebaseerd is.
IT-audit
‘Controle van het goed en betrouwbaar functioneren van de interne IT-organisatie (IT-auditing). Dit omvat o.a: de structuur en verantwoordelijkheden van die IT-organisatie, de hardware, de systeem software en -applicaties, het interne- en (indien aanwezig) externe netwerk, veiligheids- en calamiteiten systemen’.
Ook de IT-systemen bij ZARA zijn een belangrijk audit-aspect. In de fabriek, tijdens het ontwerpproces en op de werkvloer wordt er gebruik gemaakt van IT-systemen om de communicatie optimaal te houden.
Kwaliteitsaudit
‘Controle op het actueel zijn van en het werken via het handboek. Dit omvat o.a.: werkinstructies, procedures of registraties in elk willekeurig bedrijf. Tevens wordt er gekeken of de betrokken werknemers/personen op de hoogte zijn van de manier waarop ze dienen te werken’.
Supply chain audit
ZARA kent als onderdeel van de Inditex-groep een verantwoordelijkheid over haar gehele supply chain. Dit staat tevens vastgelegd in het jaarverslag en de groep kent samenwerkingen met instanties. De naleving van deze verantwoordelijkheid dient gecontroleerd te worden.
Informatieaudit
De informatieaudit is tevens van belang. Een goede informatie-uitwisseling tussen de afdelingen en met de leveranciers is belangrijk om de strategie van het bedrijf te ondersteunen. Om de juiste producten zo snel mogelijk in de winkels te krijgen dient goed gecommuniceerd te worden en dienen de afdelingen van de goede informatie voorzien te worden.
Corporate governance & internal auditing bij ZARA
Corporate Social Responsibility is een aparte afdeling bij ZARA, wat tevens de belangrijkheid van dit aspect bij de organisatie benadrukt.
Het doel van ZARA met het oogpunt op Corporate Governance is: ‘To ensure that all the professionals belonging to the Group proceed diligently, ethically and with transparency in the performance of their duties’. De interne audit van de corporate governance valt (gedeeltelijk) samen met de supply chain audit. Controleaspecten van de interne audit zijn onder andere de interne regels die ZARA met betrekking tot Corporate Governance heeft opgesteld. Deze interne wetten zijn: statute, regelgeving raad van bestuur, ‘Code of Conduct’: interne verantwoordelijkheid en de verantwoordelijkheid voor fabrikanten en leveranciers, Reglement van de ethiekscommissie, handbook criminele risicopreventie en de procedure met betrekking tot de klokkenluidersregeling.

In hoeverre houdt ZARA zich aan de inhoud van de Corporate Governance Code?
In het jaarrapport 2014 is terug te vinden dat ZARA zich in 2013 aan de Corporate Governance Code heeft gehouden volgens de Audit & Control Committee. Wel heeft de organisatie besloten verregaande wet- en regelgeving omtrent de duurzaamheid en stabiliteit van de supply chain. Zo is bijvoorbeeld de ‘Code of Conduct for Manufacturers and Suppliers’ ingevoerd. Dit maakt onderdeel uit van de eerdergenoemde ‘Code of Conduct Compliance Program 2014-2018’. Hierdoor zijn de werknemersrechten, veiligheid van het product en milieu-aspecten omtrent de productie, het vervoer en de verkoop beter gewaarborgd dan voorheen.
https://www.inditex.com/documents/10279/18789/Grupo_INDITEX_Annual_Report_INDITEX_09.pdf/64b4e624-5cb9-46bc-86a8-a533dd8a832e

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