Chapter 1 - Abnormal Behavior in Historical Context Abnormal Psychology (PS265) Class Notes Guide Shoshana Sloman DEFINING "PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER" A psychological dysfunction within an individual associated with distress or impairment in functioning and a resonse that is not typical or culturally expected. Each criterion contributes something to the definition. Any one element, alone, would not constitute a psychological disorder. Criteria: (Standard for judging) Psychological Dysfunction:
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SUSTAINABILITY Sustainability is the capacity to endure. In ecology the word describes how biological systems remain diverse and productive over time. Long-lived and healthy wetlands and forests are examples of sustainable biological systems. For humans, sustainability is the potential for long-term maintenance of well-being, which has ecological, economic, political and cultural dimensions. Sustainability requires the reconciliation of environmental, social equity and economic demands - also referred
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Mental health disorders, during the Greek and Roman period, were called things like melancholia, dementia, hysteria, and hallucinations (“Abnormal Psychology,” 2010). These ailments were thought to be caused by some physical problem. Hippocrates believed that these brain pathologies were causes by humors. These humors were yellow bile, black bile, blood, and phlegm (“Abnormal Psychology,” 2010). Plato and Aristotle were also of the opinion that mental disturbances came from inside the individual
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Operant conditioning Psychopathology- the study of abnormal behaviour Biological functions such as eating, drinking and sleeping are regulated by… • Homeostasis: steady state of equilibrium within bodily systems. A system is returned to a resting level through motivational states that energise and direct homeostasis-restoring behaviours. ! • Thus, homeostatic systems include several features: 1. Set Point: biologically optimal level the system strives to maintain. 2. Feedback mechanisms:
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these three factors individually, relating them to poor health and well-being. Roberts’ (2000) definition above describes the certain issues explored within biology today; however, psychological and sociological issues can influence the biological status of the human body. Despite sociology influencing ones behaviour, it is also based around the effect it has upon groups and external events. Sociology does not only target the individual involved, but the way the individual relates and interacts with
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and first half of the nineteenth centuries during the Enlightenment era in Europe. Theorists set out to study the relationship of citizens to the state’s legal structure. Classical criminology views criminal conduct as a matter of human nature and believed that all human beings have free will to engage in an act (Barak, Leighton, Flavin, 2010). Early philosopher, Jeremy Bentham, believed that the guide to conduct is a balance between pain and pleasure. In other words, the punishment was to fit the
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causes for different conditions, employing diverse theories from the general field of psychology and elsewhere, and much still hinges on what exactly is meant by "abnormal". * There has traditionally been a divide between psychological and biological explanations, reflecting a philosophical dualism in regards to the mind body problem. * There have also been different approaches in trying to classify mental disorders. * Abnormal includes three different categories, they are:
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Running head: ECOLOGICAL MODEL 1 Ecological Model Queena Brown Liberty University Online ECOLOGICAL MODEL 2 Ecological Model The ecological model was submitted as a concept in the 1970s and further adopted as theory 10-years later in the early 1980s. Such models were developed in an attempt to enhance the understanding of the complex interconnection between people and their surrounding environments. Significantly, the theory was advanced by the
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process of scanning and mapping a biological brain in detail and copying its state into a computer system or another computational device. The computer would have to run a simulation model so faithful to the original that it would behave in essentially the same way as the original brain, or for all practical purposes, indistinguishably. The simulated mind is assumed to be part of a virtual reality simulated world, supported by a simplified body simulation model. In analogy to a software emulator
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How the development of cognition is facilitated in the Bronfenbrenner and the Super and Harkness models? Cognition is a defined as the way a person thinks, reason, remember, solve a problem and make a decision. Factors of culture and their beliefs are found in the collaboration among Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems and Super and Harkness model contribute in a variety of ways to cognitive development across the lifespan. Cognition development occurs as a result of children’s attempts to adapt
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