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10 Gigabit Ethernet Standard

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10 Gigabit Ethernet Standard
Christopher Burch
PROF. K. Jones
CIS 175 – Intro to Networking
March 4, 2011

ABSTRACT
NOT REQUIRED

10 Gigabit Ethernet Standard
From its inception more than 25 years ago, Ethernet has adapted to meet the increasing loads of packet-based networks. Because of its proven low implementation cost, reliability, and relative simplicity of installation and maintenance, Ethernet’s usage has grown to the point that nearly all voice, video, and data traffic on the Internet begins or ends with an Ethernet connection. Further, as the need for ever-faster network speeds has increased, Ethernet has been adapted to handle these higher speeds, as well as the surges in volume demand that are apart of them. The IEEE 802.3ae 2002 (10 Gigabit Ethernet standard) is unique in some respects from earlier Ethernet standards in that it will only function over optical fiber, and only operates in full duplex mode (collision-detection protocols are unnecessary).Ethernet can now evolve to 10 gigabits per second while keeping its most important Ethernet properties, such as the packet format, and the current capabilities are easily transferable to the new standard.
The 10 Gigabit Ethernet standard extends the IEEE 802.3aestandard protocols to a wire speed of 10 Gbps and expands the Ethernet application space to include WAN-compatible links. The10 Gigabit Ethernet standard provides a powerful increase in bandwidth while maintaining maximum compatibility with the installed base of 802.3 standard interfaces, protects previous investment in research and development, and keeps the established principles of network operation and management.
Under the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, Ethernet is basically a Layer 1 and 2 protocol. 10 Gigabit Ethernet keeps most important Ethernet architecture, including the Media Access Control (MAC) protocol, the Ethernet frame format, and the minimum and maximum frame size. Just as Gigabit Ethernet, both 1000BASE-X and 1000BASE-T, maintained the standard Ethernet model, 10 Gigabit Ethernet continues the evolution of Ethernet in speed and distance, while keeping the same Ethernet architecture required in other Ethernet specifications, except for one key component. Since 10 Gigabit Ethernet is a full-duplex only technology, it does not need carrier-sensing multiple-access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) protocol used in other Ethernet technologies. In every other respect, 10 Gigabit Ethernet matches the original Ethernet model. At the physical layer, an Ethernet physical layer device connects the optical or copper media to the MAC layer through network interface cards. Ethernet architecture further divides the physical layer into three sublayers: Physical Medium Dependent , Physical Medium Attachment ,and Physical Coding Sublayer . PMDs provide the physical connection and signaling to the medium; optical transceivers, for example, are PMDs. The PCS consists of coding (e.g., 64B/66B) and a serializer or multiplexor. The IEEE 802.3ae standard defines two PHY types: the LAN PHY and the WAN PHY. They provide the same functionality, except the WAN PHY has an extended feature set in the PCS that enables connectivity with SONET STS-192c/SHD VC-4-64c networks.
In today’s marketplace Ethernet technology is now the most widely used technology for high-performance LAN environments. Businesses around the world have invested cabling, equipment, processes, and training in Ethernet. In addition, the universal use of Ethernet keeps its costs low, and with each development of next-generation Ethernet technology, installation costs are on a downward path. In networks today, the increase in global network traffic are compelling service providers, enterprise network managers and architects to search for faster network technologies to solve growing bandwidth demands. 10 Gigabit Ethernet has ten times the performance over Gigabit Ethernet today. With the addition of10 Gigabit Ethernet to the Ethernet technology family, a LAN now can reach further distances and support even more bandwidth intensive applications. 10 Gigabit Ethernet also meets several criteria for efficient and effective high-speed network performance, which makes it a natural choice for expanding, extending, and upgrading existing Ethernet networks: * A customer’s existing Ethernet infrastructure can easily operate with 10 Gigabit Ethernet. The new technology provides lower cost of ownership including both acquisition and support costs versus current other technologies. * Using processes, protocols, and management tools already deployed in the management infrastructure, 10 Gigabit Ethernet uses familiar management tools and a common skills base. * Flexibility in network design with server, switch, and router connections. * Multiple vendor sourcing of standards-based products provides proven interoperability.
In conclusion, as 10 Gigabit Ethernet enters the market and equipment vendors deliver 10 Gigabit Ethernet network devices, the next step for enterprise and service provider networks is the combination of multi-gigabit bandwidth with intelligent services, which leads to scaled, intelligent, multi-gigabit networks with backbone and server connections ranging up to 10 Gbps. Convergence of voice and data networks running over Ethernet becomes a very real option. And, as TCP/IP incorporates enhanced services and features, such as packetized voice and video, the underlying Ethernet can also carry these services without modification.
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Bibliography http://www.hp.com/products1/serverconnectivity/adapters/ethernet/10gbe/infolibrary/10GbE_White_Paper.pdf http://www.intel.com/network/connectivity/resources/technologies/10_gigabit_ethernet.htm

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