...Slavery in the 18th and 19th Centuries Have you ever wondered what slavery was like in the 18th and 19th centuries? It was very brutal and the white men were very cruel to their slaves. It is important that people know how terrifying and horrible slavery was, so that everyone will understand how bad it was and will never repeat it. The slave trade resulted in capture, transport, and the sale of children; advantages and disadvantages of enslaving children; and effected public opinion on the abolitionist movement. The capture, transport, and sale of children effected the enslaved individuals in many ways. It was so terrible it made them want to take their own lives. Being taken away from their family and their loved ones and living in the horrific environment tore them apart inside; they just couldn’t take it anymore. Not only did they want to commit suicide, but they would refuse to eat. If they wouldn’t eat, they would have food painfully shoved down their throats. Some slaves didn’t know what was going on and the first time they saw a white man, they thought he was going to eat them. They were all so scared and had no idea what would be happening next or if they would see the next day....
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...During the middle of the 19th century The concept of self-ownership and the rights to enjoy the fruits of one’s own labors were becoming more and more ingrained in the American psyche and cosmology. People began to examine the rights of women, of workers, prisoners, the ill and insane, and the enslaved. In addition to the desire to live one’s life and enjoy each own resources, reform was called for that were thought to create a more wholesome culture for America. This time in American history saw the rise of utopian communities, new protestant churches and public schooling. People felt that they lived in a time of advanced ideals and optimism for the future; they felt they could make real change. Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote in 1841: “In the...
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...“new” ideas. This is the basis for America’s society: freedom. Each citizen has the right to think as they wish, and speak their beliefs. But freedom hasn’t come cheap. America struggled to separate from Britain in the 19th century. The successful parting of Britain’s rule and authority can often be seen as undervalued in terms of culture development. Not to say that thinkers and doers didn’t exist beyond the boundaries, but, as a group, Americans have led the charge in paving the way for future existence. Much of the foundational work was done in the 18th and 19th centuries. Early in the 1800’s, the power of steam was invented, which led to the great Industrial Revolution and its successor, the second Industrial Revolution. During the times of this revolution, people were working more often and increasing their money flow. More people with more money equated to better and longer lives, as they were now able to provide for themselves and their growing families. But as many know, with money comes greed. Social Darwinism’s “most fit”, brought about some ugly and often embarrassing times for America. Slavery was instilled as an idea suggesting power of wealth, and means of lowering the cost of production. However, with the inabilities of predicting the future, slavery was quickly frowned upon by many. There began to be a significant spread between business owners and the working people. Workers acknowledged new ideas brought about by socialists in hopes of creating an equal society...
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...2013 Hedda Gabler and “The Trapped Woman” in the 19th Century Appearances can be deceiving. Hedda Gabler, the great story of an aristocratic woman, smart, and somewhat off her rocker, takes us into the personal life of a woman by the married name of Hedda Tesmen. Through analysis and research of the story though, we can see the author is trying to show us something further from what it seems. Henrik Ibsen, the writer of Hedda Gabler, seems to not be telling us the personal story of the woman Hedda Tesman, but showing us the faults of society for that time period in terms of the roles of women. “The Trapped Woman”, is a term I will use to describe the role of “The Woman” in the late 19th Century. Henrik Ibsen appears to be showing us through Hedda’s life that no matter the apparent strength or background of a woman during the 19th century, they are still trapped in a way which forbids them to be who they truly are. Hedda Tesman, as described early on in the play, due to her background and personality, should in no way be anything but in complete control over her life. As stated by Aunt Julle, “General Gabler’s daughter. What a life she had in the general’s day!” (Ibsen). This statement in the beginning of the play almost immediately foreshadows her unhappy life in her current state. Due to the roles of women for that time period, she is just the representation of all women in her situation at the time. Women in the 19th century had very minimal rights. When a woman becomes married...
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...Because poetry’s origin dates back before the dawn of literacy, it is still more of an auditory art form than a written one. In the earliest days of the art form, poems were recited or sung. Even today, at clubs and coffeehouses around the world, aspiring artists approach microphones and recite their poetry to their audiences. Poetry, more than any other form of literature, is written for the ear rather than the eye. Put another way, by The Norton Anthology of Poetry, “A poem is a composition written for performance by the human voice.” (Ferguson, Salter, & Stallworthy, p. 2027) For this reason, the poet takes great care to craft his or her work so that it has the desired effect on the audience. In Thomas Wyatt’s 16th-century poem, “They Flee From Me,” the narrator is remembering something he has lost, and the form of the poem does an effective job of conveying the speaker’s sorrow at this loss. “With naked foot” At the beginning of the poem, it would be easy to infer that the narrator is referring to some sort of animal. “I have seen them gentle tame and meek/That now are wild and do not remember.” (Wyatt, p. 127) However, the term “naked foot” in the second line offers a clue that the narrator is speaking of a human being. He did not, after all, use an animal term like “hoof” or “paw.” The beings that used to visit the narrator’s chamber are likely human. “The anguish none can draw” The second stanza of the poem begins, “Hidden in the cap/Is the anguish none can draw...
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...Mircea Alexandra Diana French-English The 3rd year Issues of Identity in 19th century American Literature The issue of identity was first approached and applied in the American literature in the 19th century. It consists in constructing and coming to grips with the authors’ identity. They were trying to describe and to analyze the hidden problems, sufferings and realm of the soul and, of course, of the unconscious. The popular question which started to be used by that time was “Who am I?”, but it gradually passed to the collective “Who we are?” We should know that, since the American tradition didn’t have any obvious roots, they borrowed very much from the immigrants and, in time, the wilderness of the ancient world has gone. Since the American writers didn’t have any settled tradition, they started to explore within the human soul and mind, which came to invent new style. While the English writers explore the raising of a poor man on the economic and social scale, the American ones reveal the absence of the tradition. This is the case of writers like Richard Wright, or Sarah O. Jewett who deeply analyzed the characters’ reaction in a critical period of their life. For instance, in “The Man Who Was Almost a Man”, Wright presents the coming to age of a young black boy. As we all know, Wright is a black writer, so we could say that this coming of age of this particular black boy...
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...in the book have a pivotal role in the development of Dana, one in particular being Alice. Alice is the woman who must bear the child that will become Dana’s great-grandmother. Although she does not love Rufus, she must submit to him, which is a foreign concept for the 1976 mind frame of Dana. Butler creates a relationship between Dana and Alice that provides for the reader an understanding not only of a twentieth century black woman’s experiences in the antebellum south, but more importantly, a window into the a nineteenth century black woman’s life in slavery. It was necessary for Alice to be created because she presents a parallelism between the past and the present, revealing how they influence each other in areas such as: sexuality, the importance of motherhood, and definition of ones self in a repressive society. Thus, Octavia helps the contemporary reader understand 19th century America and the slave trade in greater detail. The idea of sexuality for Dana is initially one that she feels comfortable with and has control over when she is in twentieth century California. Dana views sexual intercourse as a way of enjoyment and pleasure, much to the contrary of her foremother, Alice, whose sexuality creates pain and agony. In the beginning of the novel when Dana discusses when she first met her husband, Kevin, she talks about their first sexual contact in a way that possessed a certain amount of comfort and pleasure. “Sometime during the early hours of the next morning when...
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...Script a conversation between two notable women from the 18th and/or 19th century on the roles women should play in society. 1. Biographical information for each woman Betsy Ross was born Elizabeth Griscom to Samuel Griscom and the former Rebecca James in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on January 1, 1752, the eighth of seventeen children. She grew up in a household where the plain dress and strict discipline of the Society of Friends dominated her life. She learned to sew from her great-aunt Sarah Elizabeth Ann Griscom. Her great-grandfather Andrew Griscom, a Quaker carpenter, emigrated in 1680 from England (www.biography.com). Like her sisters, she attended Quaker schools and learned sewing and other crafts common in her day. After Betsy completed her schooling, her father apprenticed her to a local upholsterer, where at age 17 she met John Ross, an Anglican. The two young apprentices quickly fell for one another, but Betsy was a Quaker, and the act of marrying outside of one's religion was strictly off-limits. To the shock of their families, Betsy and John married in 1772, and she was promptly expelled from both her family and the Friends meeting house in Philadelphia that served as a place of worship for Quakers. Eventually, the couple opened their own upholstery business, drawing on Betsy's deft needlework skills. Betsy Ross is best known for making the first American flag. Betsy died on January 30, 1836, at the age of 84. Susan B. Anthony was born February 15, 1820 in Adams...
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...Carl Sandburg: The Modernist Writer Modernist literature is a term applied to writings of the 20th century that was different and rejected of the 19th century styles. The Modernist writer such as Carl Sandburg, emphasized modernist characteristics by rejecting the distinction between high, low or popular culture, rejecting formal aesthetics to produce creative and spontaneity work, creating works where the reader did was not bound a fixed point of view or clear morals and impressionism and subjectivity was more present (Holman, 1972). The poem “Grass” by Carl Sandburg is very powerful but short and leaves much for the reader to ponder of how to interpret the subject as it both subjective yet sad. The theme of the poem suggests that grass is used to cover up the destruction of war and the deaths associated with it. That war after war is the same as he continues to name battles and it keeps repeating itself. In the beginning of the poem Carl writes “Pile the bodies high at Austerlitz and Waterloo” (poetryfoundation.org). These wars took place earlier in the 19th century and then later Carl goes onto mention Gettysburg, Ypres and Verdun. Which took place later in consecutive order, this symbolizes that history continues to repeat itself but man fails to recognize the death toll and bloodshed as the grass grows over all of it and then it is forgotten. He demonstrates this stating in two lines “Shovel them under and let me work” after naming each battle. That is...
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...Running head: 19TH-CENTURY IDEAS 19th-Centuary Ideas 19th-Century Ideas Of all the movements in the 19th Century the one that took the most effect was the Second Great Awakening. The Second Great Awakening started the path towards the United States facing some of the most momentous and controversial issues that they would face in the next 200 years. These issues were racism, women's rights, and the rights of workers. This movement was created by the new middle class of that time. The movement advocated the idea of a more caring people, to have more consideration for human life, and it also promoted religion. In the Second Great Awakening the people believed that they could reach salvation by doing good works and working hard. The belief was that humans could choose to do good or evil and if they choose to do good then there would be no more sin. People had to put them self into action during this movement. It seems everyone was looking for a religion at the time. The Christian word became very popular with women and the African Americans, it gave the idea of salvation. This movement had a huge impact on the United States history. Two religions grew to be the two largest churches in the United States by reforming their traditions, which was the Methodist and the Baptist. It is a thought that this movement helped to bring about some economic stability and security, because the successful new middle class interest in religion came from the economics. In my mind there...
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...“The Chimney Sweeper” By William Blake Poetry Essay Debreshia Wright English 102 Professor Dr. Rockford Sansom Due 9/28/14 “The Chimney Sweeper” by William Blake, opens a door to show the reader how poor and lower class life was like in the 19th century. In the poem by Mr. William Blake “The Chimney Sweeper” the reader learns about the harsh child labor during the 19th century, the fate of a young child and this child belief in God. These young children had a hard life to lead but through this poem you see how these children were able to escape in there thought of heaven. During the 19th century child labor was a normal way of life. It was so much more important to bring home wages than to get educated. Most families were so poor they had to send the children out at very young ages to help gain wages. Mr. Blake expresses this when he says “...my father sold me...” the child narrator was sold in to what seems to be child slavery. In the poem as the child said “yet my tongue could scarcely cry weep, weep…” it refers to the child not being able to speak clearly to say sweep. This child fate appears to have been sealed when his mother died; it also appears the child would make his father appear cruel and unloving. Because the child says “my father sold me...” it does not state my father sent me to work. This poem has a sense of sadness in the beginning, until the child narrator being to talk to Tom. Tom was having his hair shaved off and I am...
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...The Experience of Women in Slavery Both men and women had a horrible experience with slavery since the amount of labor and treatment from their masters was much the same. The only difference was the kind of jobs appointed for each gender. While men were allocated tasks that required some skills and physical strength, women served in plantations and as house servants. According to Kornweibel (2010), slavery experience was devastating for both black women and men. The role of women in slavery was however more complicated and devastating than that of men. According to Zilfi (2010), women experienced the binary oppression that was based on their gender and race. Women also had to deal with stereotypical images such as Jezebel and Mammy. Claims for slaves by the slave masters were same for both men and women. During slave trading, both women and men were stripped, poked and prodded by potential buyers. Such experiences were very demeaning and humiliating especially women. These experiences were also made worse by believes that white society held against black women. Black women were considered to be innately lustful. In the nineteenth century the...
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...Susan Edson 1 THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Escrito por: Susan Edson Dirigido por: D. Juan Carlos Palmer Trabajo presentado para la obtención del Titulo Universitario Senior Universitat Jaume I Castellón, mayo 2005 2 Indice: I. General Concept………………………………..…… 4 1. First industrial revolution 2. Second industrial revolution 3. Modernization II. Europe……………………………………………….. 9 1. England 2. Scotland 3. Rest of Europe III. U.S.A………………………………………………... 17 1. The growth of U.S. industry. 2.Organization of industrial relations. 3.Agriculture. IV. Developments and innovations……………………… 24 1. Colonialism 2. Apprenticeship 3. Science and technology 4. Machine tools 5. Textiles 6. Steam engines 7. Locomotives and Steamboats 8. The Electric Telegraph 9. Architecture 10. Rubber 11. Lighting 12. Time V. Conclusions………………………………………... 42 VI. Bibliography………………………………………… 44 3 I. General Concept 1. The First Industrial Revolution Between 1760 and 1830 the Industrial Revolution was mainly confined to Britain. Being aware of its head start on other countries, Britain forbade the export of machinery, skilled workers and manufacturing techniques. This could not last, as many Britons saw profitable industrial opportunities abroad and continental European businessmen were keen to lure British know-how to their countries. Belgium became the first country in continental Europe to be transformed economically, having machine shops ...
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...The Story of an Hour Caprice Tarpley Kaplan University Professor Susan Zappia April 2, 2013 The Story of an Hour Introduction Kate Choplin in her mini story ‘The story of an hour’ depicts very beautifully the yearnings and longings of a woman in the 19th century. The story is short and beautiful, and the underlying message is that women are just as humans as men and they have the same yearning desire for freedom as the men in their life (Chopin, 1894). The story of Mrs. Mallard Louise Mallard is the major character of the story. She is represented as a fair and calm woman along with little indication of being strong. She was suffering from heart disease and that is why the death of her husband was disclosed to her after much hesitation. Her character envelops a mixture of happiness and grievance. It can clearly be observed when she got the news of her husband’s death. Despite of going into shock, she dramatically cried hard for a time (Jamil, 2009). Owing to the fact that she had a heart trouble, she must had went into shock, however, she was calm and started considering the new opportunities her life may pose her. She welcomed some mysterious things appearing to her from the sky and her actions show that she was feeling immense independence after her husband’s death. She was overjoyed with the fact that she could lead her life without any domination (Seyler, 2009). At start, the weaker side of her character was portrayed, whereas...
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...For the second question, firstly we need to consider how traditional Japanese culture benefited Matsushita during the period from the 1950s to the 1980s. And secondly we try to understand whether these traditional values became more of a liability during the 1990s and early 2000s. Japanese traditional Confucian culture helped Matsushita become a major economic power during the post-war years and through the 1980s. Just as my group-mate Donald has mentioned, Matsushita agreed to take care of its employees for life by providing many benefits, such as subsidized housing, retirement bonuses, and guaranteed lifetime employment. These benefits have been seen as a motivation for employees’ loyalty and commitment to the corporate. Therefore this traditional culture has built up a good industrial relationship in which the employees worked hard and Matsushita reciprocated by fulfilling their needs and wants. However, the prolonged economic slump that began in the 1990s made these commitments difficult to keep. Matsushita was saddled with high expenses and decided to cut the number of employees, in order words, abandon the lifetime employment. And this decision made many employees lose their confidence and loyalty to Matsushita. However, personally speaking, I don’t agree with the saying that traditional culture is a liability for Matsushita at that time. To better understand, I would like to share with you a video clip from Matsushita’s CEO defining about culture. According to...
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