...QUESTIONS 1. In terms of basic research and applied research how would you categorize Sam’s study? Why? This study can be categorized as Applied research, as this entire research is focusing on to identifying the effect of personality and emotional reactivity on the financial performance of day traders. So it tries find a solution for a particular problem. 2. Purposiveness, testability, and objectivity are three hallmarks of scientific research. Use Sam’s study as an example to discuss these hallmarks. Purposiveness: Any scientific research should have a definite and specific purpose. Without a purpose, a search will be a meaning less exercise. It is like sailing in the waters without having a destination. The purpose here is to identify what is the effect of personality and emotional reactivity on the financial performance of day traders. Testability: Scientific research lends itself to testing logically developed hypothesis to see whether or not the data support the educational conjectures or hypothesis that are developed after a careful study of problem situation. Hypothesis here used are: H1: Extreme (positive and negative) emotional responses to market events have a negative effect on the trading performance of investors. H2: Successful traders tend to be emotionally stable introverts who are open to new experiences. Objectivity: The conclusion drawn through the implementation of the results of data analysis should be objective. That is they should...
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...Email: ojohn@socrates.berkeley.edu; sanjays@socrates.berkeley.edu To appear in L. Pervin and O.P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford (in press). 2 Taxonomy is always a contentious issue because the world does not come to us in neat little packages (S. J. Gould, 1981, p. 158). Personality has been conceptualized from a variety of theoretical perspectives, and at various levels of abstraction or breadth (John, Hampson, & Goldberg, 1991; McAdams, 1995). Each of these levels has made unique contributions to our understanding of individual differences in behavior and experience. However, the number of personality traits, and scales designed to measure them, escalated without an end in sight (Goldberg, 1971). Researchers, as well as practitioners in the field of personality assessment, were faced with a bewildering array of personality scales from which to choose, with little guidance and no overall rationale at hand. What made matters worse was that scales with the same name often measure concepts that are not the same, and scales with different names often measure concepts that are quite similar. Although diversity and scientific pluralism are useful, the systematic accumulation of findings and the communication among researchers became difficult amidst the Babel of concepts and scales. Many personality researchers had hoped that they might devise the structure that would transform the Babel into a community speaking a common...
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...EMPLOYMENT TEST ASSIGNMENT PAPI-N Laura Reyes Rodríguez Sheridan College Institute of Technology And Advanced Learning November 21st, 2013 EMPLOYEMENT TEST ASSIGNMENT PAPI-N 1. A description of the test. The Personality and Preferences Inventory-Normative (PAPI-N) is a personality questionnaire designed to assess needs and behavior patterns relevant to the workplace. (Sanz et al., 2006) The PAPI-N was originally designed by Dr Max Kostick in the 1960’s, based on Murray’s need-press theory of psychogenic needs, which is one of the most influential theories in personality psychology (The British Psychological Society, 2006). According to Murray, our personalities are a reflection of behaviours controlled by needs. Some of those needs are temporary and change constantly, while other needs are deeply founded in our nature. Murray suggested that these psychogenic needs function on the unconscious level, but play a major role in our personality. (About.com, 2013). Dr. Kostick original idea was to create a tool that could be used by non-psychologist, and because of that he avoided the use of clinical terminology in the interpretation. PAPI was originally conceived as an ipsative test for use as a counselling and discussion tool. After several revisions, PAPI has extended its application and now there are two versions of the PAPI, the PAPI-I, which is an ipsative version, and the PAPI-N, which is a normative version. This is the suitable one for a...
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...as an example to discuss these hallmarks. Purposiveness : Scientific research must have a definite aim or purpose focus . Here Sam’s succeeded to develop a purpose for the research : “What is the effect of personality and emotional reactivity on the financial performance of day traders.” Testability: Scientific research should test logically developed hypotheses to see whether or not the data supports the hypothesis that are developed after a careful study . Here Sam has derived two hypotheses ,but results from Sam’s study support his first hypothesis only . Objectivity : Refers to a conclusion drawn through the interpretation of the results of data analysis , objectivity is based on facts m derived from actual data .these results indicate that there is a clear link between emotional reactivity of investors and trading performance. These findings suggest that traders may benefit from training in emotion management and coaching. Do you think that the results of Sam’s study are generalizable to other organizations? Why (not)? Yes , Sam’s study are generalizable to other organizations, as Sam was studying the effect of personality and emotional reactivity on the financial performance of day traders. in addition the data collected was externally (i.e Sam recruited 50 volunteers from a six-week training program for day traders offered by Rose Bush). Sam explains to Akrisious that even though he has tried to meet all the hallmarks of scientific investigation, he has not...
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...Personality: Theories Chapter: Personality Theories 429 Personality: Theories What Is "Personality"? Psychologists' Usage of Personality Elements of Personality Techniques of Study Theories of Personality Trait Theories Psychoanalytic Theory Central elements of Psychoanalysis Psychoanalytic Personality Structure Instincts in Psychoanalysis Other Psychodynamic Theorists (Social-) Learning Theories Dollard/Miller's Stimulus-Response Theory B. F. Skinner and Personality as Behavior Bandura and Social Learning Self-Growth Theories Carl Rogers and Person-Centered Theory Maslow's Holistic Theory A Modern Theory of Personality: Big Five USING PSYCHOLOGY: What Determines Your Personality -Heredity? Environment? USING PSYCHOLOGY: What Determines Your Personality -Heredity and Environment REVIEW ACTIVITIES INTERESTED IN MORE? Personality: Theories WHAT'S THE ANSWER? "I'm really jealous of my sister. Here I am about to graduate, and I only made it into the Student Association this year. Sis's a freshman -- a frosh -- and she's already been elected." "Wilma, I know what you mean. My older brother was the same way. You know what your sister and my brother have in common? They've both got a lot of personality. Your sister kind of just radiates charm -- even for a first-year student! And Kirk's the same way: Everywhere he goes, people smile with him. He gushes at the right time, gets serious when he needs to, and always has a good word for everybody. He's just got a PSYCHOLOGY: ...
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...Faculty & Research Note on Measuring Brand Awareness, Brand Image, Brand Equity and Brand Value by P. Chandon 2003/19/MKT Working Paper Series Note on Measuring Brand Awareness, Brand Image, Brand Equity and Brand Value Pierre Chandon* INSEAD March 2003 * Pierre Chandon is Assistant Professor of Marketing at INSEAD, Boulevard de Constance, 77300 Fontainebleau, France. Tel: +33 (0)1 60 72 49 87, e-mail: pierre.chandon@insead.edu. Note on Measuring Brand Awareness, Brand Image, Brand Equity and Brand Value The purpose of this note is to provide an overview and references on the various methods that can be used to measure brand knowledge (brand awareness and brand image), brand equity and brand value. This note provides a short definition of each concept and illustrations of the most widely-used measurement techniques. Once you know what you want to measure, it is important to look at the original sources cited to understand how to properly use these techniques. Keller’s (2003) excellent book also provides detailed information on each concept and its measurement. 1. Brand knowledge Brand knowledge refers to brand awareness (whether, and when, consumers know the brand) and brand image (what are the associations that consumers have with the brand) (Keller 2001). The different dimensions of brand knowledge can be classified in a pyramid (adapted from Keller 2001), in which each lower-level element provides the foundations of the higherlevel...
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...© Roger Bougie 2011 CASE ANALYSIS: SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION THE PACIFIC FUTURES TRADING COMPANY For some time, theoretical and empirical evidence suggested that the Efficient Market Hypothesis, the Capital Asset Pricing Model, and other rational financial theories did a good job of predicting and explaining the behavior of investors. However, recently, the ‘rationality’ of financial markets - and more specifically investors - is a hot topic in the financial economics literature. Recent research has argued and shown that investors often make mistakes; they behave irrationally and exhibit a number of financially damaging biases, such as loss aversion, herding, overconfidence, and overreaction (Barber and Odean, 2001; DeBondt and Thaler, 1986; Fischoff and Slovic, 1980; Gervais and Odean, 2001; Huberman and Regev, 2001; Kahneman and Tversky, 1979). These irrationalities are frequently attributed to psychological factors such as fear, greed, regret, and other emotional responses to price changes and changes in personal wealth. A growing number of economists, psychologists, and financial-industry professionals have begun to use the terms ‘behavioral economics’ and ‘behavioral finance’ to differentiate themselves and their ideas from the standard, rational theories (such as the Efficient Market Hypothesis) in economics and finance. Akrisios Stathopoulos is the President of the Pacific Futures Trading Company (PFTC). Futures trading is a form of investment which involves speculating...
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...imitation of a person or thing which certain striking characteristics are exaggerated in order to create a comic 12. Climax- most intense, exciting or important point of something 13. Connotation- idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning 14. Consonance- agreement or compatibility between opinions or actions 15. Denotation- literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to feelings or ideas that the word suggests 16. Dichotomy- a division or contrast between two things that are represented as being opposed different 17. Diction- the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing 18. Direct characterization- process by which personality of a fictions character is revealed by descriptive adjectives, phrases, or epithets 19. Dramatic situation- an event or idea of a poem that’s clarified by...
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...1. El Alfabeto A B C CH D E F G H I J K L LL M N Ñ O P Q R RR S T U V W X Y Z a a e i o u (Vocales/vowels) be ce che a= a as in father de e= ay as in say e i= ee as in see efe o=o as in go ge u=u as in tulip hache i CH, LL, Ñ, RR --4 letters that are different jota ka K , W---2 borrowed letters ele elle Special Pronounciation eme “c” with “a,o,u” sounds like “k” ene “c” with “e,i” sounds like “s” eñe “g” with “a,o,u” sounds like “g” o “g” with “e,i” sounds like “h” pe “h” is always silent cu “j” is always “h” ere “ll” is always “y” erre “ñ” is always “en-yay” ese “q” always uses a “u” like English te “qua, quo” sounds like “kwa” u “que, qui” sounds like “kay and key” respectively ve “rr” is a rolled r sound doble ve “v” is softly spoken (“b” is sometimos the same) equis “x” in the middle of a word sometimes “h” i griega “z” is never harsh but almost the same as “s” zeta Rules of Stress: 1. If a word ends in a vowel, n, or s the stress is placed on the next to the last syllable. 2. If a word does not ends in a vowel, n, or s the stress is placed on the last syllable. 3. Exception: a written accent will put stress on the accented syllable. Ga- to (ga is stressed) Can- tar (tar is stressed) A-yú-da-me (yu is stressed because of accent) ...
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...Mat Clark – IELTS Speaking LỜI NÓI ĐẦU Chào các bạn, xuất phát từ nhu cầu bản thân muốn học môn speaking cho bài thi tiếng anh IELTS, chúng tôi nhận thấy cuốn sách này có giá trị rất tốt cho việc tham khảo. Tuy nhiên, các bản sách điện tử đang tràn lan trên mạng Internet hiện nay có chất lượng rất thấp, kèm theo đó là việc có thêm tiếng Trung dẫn tới lãng phí về giấy in, tiền bạc, thời gian. Hiện nay, cuốn này này đã được một nhà xuất bản tại Việt Nam mua lại bản quyền từ tác giả Mat Clark, và đã xuất bản tại Việt Nam, chúng tôi khuyên các bạn nên mua cuốn sách này để sử dụng, nhằm tôn trọng giá trị của cuốn sách này, cũng như tôn trọng tác quyền của tác giả cũng như nhà xuất bản. Chúng tôi gõ lại cuốn sách này nhằm mục đích duy nhất là để học tập, nghiên cứu, không hề mang bất cứ mục đích kinh doanh nào. Mọi hành động thương mại liên quan tới bản gõ lại này là không hề liên quan tới chúng tôi. Mong các bạn tôn trọng tác giả và tôn trọng ý muốn của chúng tôi. Trong quá trình gõ và biên tập, do trình độ không chuyên, không thể tránh khỏi có sai sót. Xin cảm ơn, chúc các bạn học tốt. 1 Mat Clark – IELTS Speaking IELTS SPEAKING – MAT CLARK Preface During my 5 years as an IELTS examiner in China, I have seen thousands of Chinese IELTS candidates perform OK in the speaking interview. Most people would agree that an OK score in speaking is 5 or 6. Many students now realize that a score of 5 or 6 for speaking is not enough for their study requirements...
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...Mat Clark – IELTS Speaking LỜI NÓI ĐẦU Chào các bạn, xuất phát từ nhu cầu bản thân muốn học môn speaking cho bài thi tiếng anh IELTS, chúng tôi nhận thấy cuốn sách này có giá trị rất tốt cho việc tham khảo. Tuy nhiên, các bản sách điện tử đang tràn lan trên mạng Internet hiện nay có chất lượng rất thấp, kèm theo đó là việc có thêm tiếng Trung dẫn tới lãng phí về giấy in, tiền bạc, thời gian. Hiện nay, cuốn này này đã được một nhà xuất bản tại Việt Nam mua lại bản quyền từ tác giả Mat Clark, và đã xuất bản tại Việt Nam, chúng tôi khuyên các bạn nên mua cuốn sách này để sử dụng, nhằm tôn trọng giá trị của cuốn sách này, cũng như tôn trọng tác quyền của tác giả cũng như nhà xuất bản. Chúng tôi gõ lại cuốn sách này nhằm mục đích duy nhất là để học tập, nghiên cứu, không hề mang bất cứ mục đích kinh doanh nào. Mọi hành động thương mại liên quan tới bản gõ lại này là không hề liên quan tới chúng tôi. Mong các bạn tôn trọng tác giả và tôn trọng ý muốn của chúng tôi. Trong quá trình gõ và biên tập, do trình độ không chuyên, không thể tránh khỏi có sai sót. Xin cảm ơn, chúc các bạn học tốt. 1 Mat Clark – IELTS Speaking IELTS SPEAKING – MAT CLARK Preface During my 5 years as an IELTS examiner in China, I have seen thousands of Chinese IELTS candidates perform OK in the speaking interview. Most people would agree that an OK score in speaking is 5 or 6. Many students now realize that a score of 5 or 6 for speaking is not enough for their study requirements...
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...Still Enduring: Equity Feminism for the Next Generation Webster defines feminism as both "the theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes" and "organized activity on the behalf of women's rights and interests" (Webster 418). Equality of the sexes (in terms of rights) and the furthering of women's rights are seemingly positive aspirations; yet people tend to describe feminism using negative terms, and feminism today has acquired a bad reputation. "Radical" and "extremists" are adjectives commonly applied to feminism as a whole, when, in truth, feminists who adopt extreme positions constitute the minority. Moreover, these "gender feminists," or "militant feminists," as many call them, although they receive the most public attention because of their aggressive tactics and high visibility, alienate people in broadcasting their views. Their goal, to create a "sentimental priesthood" that will achieve collective power and retribution as oppressed "victims" of a white-male supremacy, seems unreasonable (Himmelfarb 20). In contrast, "equity feminists," or "academic feminists," embrace the basic principles of feminism. They celebrate women's achievements, work for the individual rights of all women, and, as Christina Hoff Sommers aptly says, "want for women what they want for everyone, equal protection under the law" (Himmelfarb 20). Though not all feminists agree on how to reach this goal, most argue for a reasonable, realistic, and positive method. By contrasting...
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...invention Commercial Break!!: Creative Play With Media Influence Purpose: Works well to introduce a personal visual media paper, or other media analysis paper, because it encourages students to think critically about their childhood experiences with TV, etc in a personal, creative way. The exercise may become an early paper draft, or simply stimulate their thinking about the programs and commercials they have watched, and how these media affected them. Description: Students will write creative narratives about a childhood TV experience, then trade papers with another classmate, who will assess the program, the narrator, and then complete the narrative with a commercial break description suited to the program and audience. You may want to have your own example written up to read to them before each step, just to get them thinking about what’s possible. Suggested Time: 20 minutes to a full class period Procedure: Ask the class what their favorite shows were as kids: cartoons, sitcoms, even documentaries. You may want to bring in a few stills or uTube clips to project (in a tech class), as a memory jogger (ex. The Cosby Show, Ren & Stimpy, etc). Once you’ve discussed a nice variety of TV programs, ask the class to freewrite for 5-10 minutes (however long you wish to tell them) in first-person P.O.V. about their experience watching a show like these as a kid. They should be specific and detailed, writing whatever comes to memory about what’s going on in the program and their thoughts/reactions/and...
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...Revision of Manuscript # 17-02-88 Running head: ATTRACTIVENESS AND SEXUAL HARASSMENT Effects of Physical Attractiveness When Evaluating a Male Employee’s Allegation of Sexual Harassment by His Female Employer Karl L. Wuensch and Charles H. Moore East Carolina University Abstract College students (N = 324) served as mock jurors in a simulated civil case in which a male plaintiff accused a female defendant of sexual harassment. The physical attractiveness of the litigants was experimentally manipulated. Mock jurors were asked to decide whether the defendant was guilty or not and to rate their certainty of belief in the defendant's guilt. Jurors were more certain of the guilt of the defendant when the plaintiff was attractive than when he was unattractive. Plaintiff attractiveness significantly affected female jurors’ verdicts when the defendant was unattractive, but not when she was attractive. With male jurors, plaintiff attractiveness significantly affected their verdicts when the defendant was attractive, but not when she was unattractive. Female jurors were more likely than male jurors to conclude that sexual harassment did take place, but only when the litigants were different in attractiveness. Effects of Physical Attractiveness When Evaluating a Male Employee’s Allegation of Sexual Harassment by his Female Employer Physically attractive people are perceived in a more positive fashion than are the physically unattractive (Dion, Berscheid, &...
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...to accomplish a goal or set of objectives, has an identifiable boundary, and is linked to the external society. Work organizations are absolutely different from other social entities, which include families, clans, tribes, etc” (John Bratton, Work and organization Behavior, 2007, pg5). Organizational behavior encompasses the systematic study and careful application of knowledge about how people act within organizations. (Wikipedia, October 2010) We need to understand 3 key areas while studying OB (Organization Behavior); they are Personality, Motivation and Leadership. Personality is the total pattern of characteristic ways of thinking, feeling and behaving that constitute the individual’s distinctive method of relating to the environment (Kagan and Havemann, 1976) or the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his characteristic behaviour and thought (Allport, 1964).Personality is explained by various theorists like Jung, Hans Eyesenck, Costa and McRae. Jung has introduced 4 concepts, which are sensation thinking, which includes Practical, down to earth, impersonal, interested in facts, wants order, precision, no ambiguity, values efficiency and clear lines of authority. The next concept is intuition thinking which includes Conceptual and inventive, sees future possibilities through analysis, comfortable with charts and graphs, generates new ideas and change, creates enthusiasm. Then comes sensation feeling...
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