... | | |B. | | |Fuel Oil | | | | | |C. | | |Natural Gas | | | | | |D. | | |Coal | | | | Correct! [pic] Natural Gas supplies 53% of the fuel used to heat homes during the winter. Natural gas is typically cheaper than other fuels, required no storage, and fairly clean (no ash produced). |[pic]|Points Earned:...
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...approximately 50 millions barrels storage capacity or to 600 thousand barrels of above ground storage. (Marathon Petroleum Company LLC) From there the crude oil is distributed through four pipelines to refineries in the Gulf Coast and Midwest. Marathon has access to 9,600 miles of pipeline in the U.S and transports 1,700,000 barrels per day of crude oil. (Marathon Petroleum Company LLC) One of these pipelines is called LOCAP which is a pipeline that connects the LOOP to the Capline Pipeline. This 40-inch, 667 mile pipeline runs from St. James, LA to the Midwest hub in Patoka, IL. The crude oil moves about 4 miles an hour and can take 8-10 days to arrive at the refinery. The Capline Pipeline transports up to one million barrels of crude each day. (Marathon Petroleum Company LLC) At the refinery it will take four to eight days before the crude will be processed into gasoline, diesel fuel, and other petroleum products, such as fuel oil, kerosene, asphalt, jet fuel, toluene, xylene and benzene. (Marathon Petroleum Company LLC) These products will then be sent to the light product terminals through product pipelines which usually take three to four days, but can take up to 50 days. Marathon has 4,000 miles of product pipeline that is helping to bring supply into the product-short...
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...Lotus Car Rental Alternative Fuel Assessment Erik Larson, Linda Sherman, Christopher Sessoms Comm/215 February 2, 2013 Winifred Winstead Donnelly Introduction The creation of a fleet of alternative fuel sourced automobiles would be a wise decision for the Lotus Car Rental Company. There are two major issues that are on the minds of people these days, the environment and money. By creating a fleet of alternative fuel based automobiles the Lotus Rental Care Company can help ease the fears of people in both categories. By having the ingenuity to have a fleet of alternative fuel automobiles; the Lotus Car Rental will set themselves apart from the rest of the rental car companies. Lotus Car Care will be the leaders in environmentally safe car rentals. The following research paper will discuss the background of this topic, the costs of working with alternative fuel automobiles, the technical aspects of alternative fuel, the environmental aspects of alternative fuel as well as discuss some recommendations for the Lotus Car Rental Company. Background The Lotus Car Rental Company is looking into adding a fleet of alternative fuel sourced vehicles to their supply. Alternative fuel sourced vehicles are classified as being resources other than petroleum. A few of these sources are produced here locally and some are derived from renewable sources. They often produce less pollution than does gasoline. ("Alternative Fuel Vehicles", 2012). Hybrids are also considered to...
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...to think about the effects of car maintenance on this issue. Wouldn’t one like to save gas by increasing miles per gallon? There is a proven connection between a well maintained automobile and improved gas mileage. This has a direct effect on automobile pollution in regard to carbon emissions. A well maintained car saves the owner money, increase fuel efficiency and decreases pollution. A well maintained vehicle and its relationship to gas consumption is twofold. One when the car is running at its peak performance. Thus mechanical systems are running at peak efficiency. Two when a car needs service or when modifications can be made to improve efficiency. Projected carbon dioxide (Co2) emissions from cars could remain level at three gigatons through 2050 despite many more personal vehicles on the road with only minor affordable changes to existing engines, chassis and systems, according to a new report. “The study unveiled today at the Geneva Motor Show in Switzerland, challenges auto-policy makers to push for technology and design changes to existing autos that could double today’s average gas mileage of 26 miles per gallon.” (Scientific American) Vehicle owners are able to do many necessary maintenance items to keep cars running at peak performance, therefore improving gas consumption. Just by adding an aftermarket variable valve timing device to an engine could increase gas consumption and improve mileage. In internal combustion engines, variable value timing...
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...ole of youth in oil conservation ”Under your shoulders. Dear young people of the entire world, weigh the responsibility to transform tomorrow's world into a society where peace, harmony and fraternity reign. “ - Bishop Carlos Belo Youth constitute about 40 percent of the total population of India. The youth of every country is its valuable human resource. The responsibility for change, progress and innovation lies on their shoulders. Youth can make or mar society. There has always been misunderstood by the elders. The elders feel that, being immature and inexperienced, the youth usually indulge in thoughtless activities. However, the youth have the zeal to initiate revolutions. Mao Tse Tung of China realized this latent power and dedication of youth of his country. He entrusted them with the responsibility of bringing about Cultural Revolution, a change in the attitude of the society. The youth of our country also played a significant role in the freedom struggle. Today the youth needs to play an important role in promoting oil conservation. India is country of rich cultural heritage as well as it is rich in resources essential for a comfortable living. Such resources also include the oil resources such as petroleum and diesel which are essential resources for transportation but these resources are exploited today to extreme. Conservation of these resources is necessary so as to enjoy and live life comfortably. As Mahatma Gandhi said “the earth has enough to fulfill the...
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...Chapter 2 ENERGY CONVERSION AND GENERAL ENERGY ANALYSIS W hether we realize it or not, energy is an important part of most aspects of daily life. The quality of life, and even its sustenance, depends on the availability of energy. Therefore, it is important to have a good understanding of the sources of energy, the conversion of energy from one form to another, and the ramifications of these conversions. Energy exists in numerous forms such as thermal, mechanical, electric, chemical, and nuclear. Even mass can be considered a form of energy. Energy can be transferred to or from a closed system (a fixed mass) in two distinct forms: heat and work. For control volumes, energy can also be transferred by mass flow. An energy transfer to or from a closed system is heat if it is caused by a temperature difference. Otherwise it is work, and it is caused by a force acting through a distance. We start this chapter with a discussion of various forms of energy and energy transfer by heat. We then introduce various forms of work and discuss energy transfer by work. We continue with developing a general intuitive expression for the first law of thermodynamics, also known as the conservation of energy principle, which is one of the most fundamental principles in nature, and we then demonstrate its use. Finally, we discuss the efficiencies of some familiar energy conversion processes, and examine the impact on energy conversion on the environment. Detailed treatments...
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...will rise by 5°C. (pg. 51) 19. Thermometers: I learned that modern thermometers contain alcohol that is dyed red to resemble the appearance of mercury. (pg. 51) 20. Temperature in the Shade Versus the Sun: I did not know that meteorologist measure temperature in the shade and not in the sun. (pg. 52) 21. Does Everything Contract When Cooled: I did not know that water expands when it cools. (pg. 53) 22. SR-71 Spy Planes: I learned that SR-71 planes heated the air by 1,000°C. (pg. 53) 23. Conduction: I learned that plastic and glass conduct at different speeds. (pg. 54) 24. Solid, Liquid, Gas, and Plasma: I learned that a candle flame is plasma and that plasma is not only found in blood. (pg. 55) 25. Exploding TNT: I learned that at room temperature, gases have 1,000 greater volume than a solid. (pg. 56) 26. The Ideal Gas Law: I learned that when the absolute temperature doubles, the pressure of gas doubles. (pg. 57) 27. Automobile Airbags: I learned that airbags contain an explosive called sodium azide; I never realized that there would be explosives in an airbag. (pg....
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...point, but we must then ask how much pollution an electric car produces per mile – accounting for all emissions, starting from the gas or oil well where the source fuel is extracted, all the way to the final consumption of electricity by the car’s motor. When we work through the numbers, we find that the electric car is significantly more efficient and pollutes less than all alternatives.In this paper, we will investigate the Tesla Roadster™, which uses commodity lithium-ion batteries instead of lead-acid batteries or nickel-metal-hydride batteries as most electric cars have used. Not only does this lithium-ion–based car have extremely high well-to-wheel energy efficiency and extremely low well-to-wheel emissions, it also has astonishing performance and superior convenience.Lithium ion batteries are a lot more difficult to use than previous technologies; this is the reason that they have not so far been used in electric cars. Tesla Motors is spending a lot of effort making a safe, light, and durable lithium ion battery system. Over time, Tesla will probably put tens of millions into pack and cell features and optimization. However– as this paper will show, the energy and power density of lithium ion batteries make this effort very worthwhile. Energy Efficiency To compute the well-to-wheel energy efficiency of any car, we start with the energy content of the source fuel (e.g. coal, crude oil or natural gas) as it comes from the ground. We then track the energy content of this fuel...
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...How Crude Oil Prices Affect Gas Prices Crude oil prices make up 71% of the price of gasoline. The rest of what you pay at the pump depends on refinery and distribution costs, corporate profits, and Federal taxes. Usually, these costs remain stable, so that the daily change in the price of gasoline accurately reflects oil price fluctuations. (Source: EIA, FAQ, December 6, 2013) It usually takes about six weeks for oil price changes to work their way through the distribution system to the gas pump. Oil prices are a little more volatile than gas prices. This means oil prices might rise higher, and fall farther, than gas prices. Historical Oil and Gas Prices: Oil and gas prices have been especially volatile since the 2008 financial crash. Here's a look at their peaks and valleys, and what caused the price swings. * 2014 - Prices remained around $100/barrel. That's because the U.S. has plenty of shale oil. 2013 - Oil rose swiftly to $118.90/barrel on February 8, sending gas prices to $3.85 by February 25. Prices had started rising earlier than normal thanks to Iran's threatening war games near the Straits of Hormuz. What Causes High Oil Prices?: Like most of the things you buy, oil prices are affected by supply and demand. More demand, like the summer driving season, drives higher prices. There is usually less demand in the winter, since only the Northeast U.S. uses heating oil. However, oil prices are also affected by oil price futures, which are traded on the commodities...
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...University of Northern Philippines College of Business Administration and Accountancy Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Administration FEASIBILITY STUDY FACILITIES PLANNING DESIGN 2nd Semester SY-2012-2013 Subject Instructor: Mr. Sherwin Forneas Prepared by: Flory Mar Querubin Dedication This humble piece of work is heartily dedicated to our Parents – for their unending love and support, for always being there for us, for being anchor in times of trials and storm of life and for being our inspiration to pursue and struggle in our chosen career. To our sisters, brothers, and our relatives as our source of joy and strength, especially to Miss. Frances Querubin,CPA who help us even she is in Singapore, she’s always there to teach us… To the College of Business Administration and Accountancy, especially to our instructor in this subject, Mr. Sherwin Forneas, for being good instructor to us… To our beloved friend and loved ones who serves our inspiration and a shoulder to lean on… Above all to our Lord Almighty for guiding and accompanying us in every steps we take, for His omnipresent grace towards us and to our daily path of living and for the continues blessings he showered unto us and family in leading towards a better life… I. Title The TYM-MOUTH Restaurant was established through efforts and significant ideas of a BSHRA student in University of Northern Philippines in Partial Fulfillment of the requirements in Feasibility...
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...Horizon drilling rig exploded fifty miles from the coast of Louisiana, killing eleven men and setting off the largest oil disaster in U.S. history. Its impact would reverberate well beyond the Deepwater Horizon and the families of the eleven men who died, and even beyond the people and places of the Gulf of Mexico. Known as the BP spill, this tragedy seemingly was not an isolated incident. According to Juhasz (2011), “BP was not a lone actor; rather, this tragedy was the predictable outcome of an industry that has pushed well beyond its own technological capacity and beyond the government’s ability to regulate it” (p. 2). This oil well disaster has had important ramifications for the future of our country. In order to tackle the nation’s energy crisis, there must be an establishment of an orderly transition from crude oil to an affordable, sustainable energy future. The purpose of this paper is to explore ways of converting crude oil to consumer fuels. The paper will examine Marathon Oil’s product process and give a determination as to which phase shows a need for the greatest efficiency improvements. In addition, the paper will address the retail price of gasoline and its relation to the world’s demand for crude oil, as well as what Marathon can do to keep the gas prices the same without losing profits even if global crude production is decreased by 10%. Finally, the impact of a continuation of a deep-water drilling moratorium on U.S. gas prices will be addressed. Marathon...
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...person” (Muller & Wiener, 2009, pg. 154). It is quite obvious that Mr. Hochswender has received cruel comments about owning an SUV since he is considering himself a bad person for possessing a particular type of vehicle. Although some people do not agree with Hochswender choice of owning an SUV he is very passionate and vibrant in his view about his rights to own an SUV. He then goes on to explain logical or logos by explaining how in many situations SUVs are safer than normal cars, “However, if some drunken driver veers across the center divider- a situation I have no control over- I would prefer that my 9-year-old and I not be inside a Corolla.”(Muller & Wiener, 2009, pg. 155) Even though SUVs waste a lot more money on gas, in the event of an accident the chances of survival in an SUV would be much more than a small car. He then concludes the essay by explaining how he does know of other way to conserve energy, but the safety of him and his family is prioritized above buying a new heat and air-conditioning. Many car buyers are choosing to trade in cargo space for fuel by purchasing a smaller vehicle. “Did My Car Join Al Qaeda” by Woddy Hochswender is a very well written persuasive argument that powerfully portrays his point of view. U.S Energy Information Administration analyses the use of Americans gasoline, and in a recent study it shows that...
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...FRANK T. ROTHAERMEL DAVID R. KING Tesla Motors, Inc. January 1, 2015. Elon Musk, chief executive officer (CEO) of Tesla is taking it easy on this New Year’s Day. While having his coffee, he scrolls through some recent issues of The Wall Street Journal on his iPad. A headline from one current story jumps out at him, “Gasoline prices have declined for 88 consecutive days, the longest streak of falling prices on record.”1 The slide in gas prices, which began in September 2014, also happened to coincide with the slide in Tesla Motors (TSLA) stock. With increasing oil, and therefore gas, prices, people had an incentive for purchasing electric cars. Now with gas prices drop- ping, the incentive to buy would start to become less of one, and the demand for the product would probably drop. This was one of the challenges facing Musk on this New Year’s Day. In addition to hav- ing to contend with lower selling costs due to rising production, Tesla was also confronting increasing competition and economic headwinds that were likely going to lower the demand for electric cars. Musk is a serial entrepreneur longing to leave a legacy, and he believes that Tesla just might be the company that will help him leave his mark. He has a large profile already and has been described as “Henry Ford and Robert Oppenheimer in one person,” as well as “Tony Stark, the eccentric inventor better known as Iron Man.”2, 3 (In fact, Musk made a cameo appearance in Iron Man 2.) But, with sev- eral pressing...
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...Air pollution threatens the health of human beings and otherliving things on our planet. While often invisible, pollutantsin the aircreate smog and acid rain, cause cancer or other serious healtheffects, diminish the protective ozone layer in the upperatmosphere, and contribute to the potential for world climatechange. Smog and other types of air pollution can lead to or aggravaterespiratory, heart, and other health problems. It can beparticularly harmful to people with existing lung or heartdisease, the elderly, and the very young. Six of every ten people live in areas that fail to meet one or more federal airquality standards during some portion of the year. However, noteveryone who lives in such areas will have health problems.Level, extent, and duration of exposure, age, individualsusceptibility, and other factors play a significant role in determining whether or not someone will experiencepollution-related health problems. Since polluted air can movefrom one area or region to another, it has the potential toaffect virtually all of us. Acid rain--caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides combiningwith moisture in the air--limits the ability of lakes to supportaquatic life, may damage trees and plants, and erodes buildingsurfaces and national monuments. Pollutants in the air can alsoreduce visibility, obscuring the majestic vistas in nationalparks . Other air pollutants--called "air toxics"--are known or suspectedto cause cancer or other serious heath effects, such as...
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...Energy Class 1 Energy —— the ability to do work Work —— when a farce acts on an object through a distance Farce —— push or a pull | |Distance |Force |Energy |Power | |USA units |Foot(ft) |Pounds(lbs) |kWh |hp | |Metric |Meter(m) |Newton(N)kg*m/s2 |Joules |J/s(watt) | *kWh —— kilowatt hour hp —— horsepower 33,000 ft*lbs/min = 745 J/s = 746 W —— 1 hp Power —— the rate at which works is ? Mechanical —— relates to the movement of an objects or its position is gravity Sound —— relates to the repetitive compression and rarefaction of molecules in a substance Chemical —— relates to energy stored in the bonds between atoms in a molecule Electrical —— relates to the movement or flow of electrons Light —— relates to on electric change or magnetic field that produce electromagnetic waves Heat —— relates to the motion of particles, atoms or molecules in a substance Nuclear —— relates to the potential energy stored in bonds between particles in the nucleus of an atom Conservation of energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed, if only changer forms Class 2 10 Sources of Energy |Renewable |Non Renewable ...
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