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2年
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1卷

3期

美 国 南 方 哥特 式小 说 特 色 探 究
口 黄 丽 双




要】 于欧 陆的哥特 文学于 1 世 纪中后期在 美国迅速发展 并 萌发 了与众不 同的文学气质 , 国小说从诞 生之 日 就具




有 了鲜 明的哥特 色彩 ,
尤其是 美国南方的哥 特小说更具有显薯特 色。在 爱伦 ・ 、
坡 福克 纳、
奥康 纳、
麦卡勒斯 和莫里
森等杰 出小说 家笔 下的南方哥特 小说 中可以看到具有本 土特点 的场景 的应用 、
怪诞 色彩 的极 致渲染 、
心理探 析的 细
致描述 、
侦探推 理小说 与哥特 小说 的巧妙 融合、
蓄奴制 与种族主 义的深刻揭露等 ,
这一切推 动 了哥特 小说在 美国文 学

乃 至世界文 学的进一步繁 荣与发展 。


关键 词 】
美国南方 ;
哥特文学;
哥特 小说 ;
艺术特 色 【
基金项目】
本文为大庆师范学院青年基金项 目(
编号: s1)
0 q3 阶段性研究成果。



作者简介】
黄丽双(986 ) 女,
1 . 一 , 黑龙江哈尔滨人;

大庆师范学院外国
语学院讲师;
研究方向:
英美文学

哥特 小说 并非起 源于 美国 ,
尽管 如此 , 特小 说 随着发


现代 主义 书写 ” 这种 看似简 单的 哥特场景 的转换 意义深


展最终深 深地扎根 在 了美 国这 块肥 沃 的土壤 上。美 国本 土

远,
南方作家们不再 描写遥 远 的年代 , 再刻画 看似飘 渺虚


在接受 大量的欧洲人 口的同时 ,
自然 而然地 接受 了具 有欧洲
文化 特质的哥 特 文学 , 是彼 岸 之花 一 经嫁 接 在新 的沃 土


幻的人 物 ,
在他们笔下 , 、
时空 人物 等有 了真实 感。如果 说在
坡的哥特世界 中呈 现的场景还很 接近传统 哥特的场景 ,
比如

上,
随着社会 、
经济 、
文化 以及人文环境 等各 方面 的变迁生发

坡对 阴森 的古屋 、 间和地 窖 的描述 , 么在福 克纳等 之后



出了与众 不同的文学特质。美 国南 方广袤 的土地 是在 1
9世

的作家的哥特 书写 中所 呈 现的场 景就 已经非常 具有南 方特

纪4 o年代逐步并入 美 国的 ,
欧洲 移 民的生 产与 生活就 是 在

色了。比如对南方 的偏僻 的小镇 、
小镇 中的某个家 居的密 闭

这一时期走进 了美 国, 国南方 哥特文学 的文化土 壤就形 成


卧室等等南方味十足的哥特 场景 的运用 ,
为作家们进 一步深

于这 一时期。美国南方哥特文学是哥特文学 的分支 ,89年
13

入挖掘人的内在本 质、
揭露社会 的残酷 与历史 的罪 恶等作 了

爱伦 ・
坡的《
厄舍古 屋的倒塌》 视为美 国南 方哥 特文学 诞

生的标 志 ,9世纪 的美 国南方哥特小说在坡和毕 尔斯等作 家


很好的背景铺 垫。福克 纳 就 在他 的 《 给艾 米 丽的 玫瑰 》



的作 品 中有 了雏形 ,
而到 了 2
O世纪 , 克纳 、 康纳 和麦 卡



方背景下的历史进 行了深刻 的探索 , 南方 阴影 笼罩下 的现


勒斯 等众 多南方作家创作 了大量具有 哥特特 征的小说 , 而

推动了南方哥特 小说 的发展 与繁荣 。与传 统 的哥特 小说 相

代社会中的南 方人 的命 运进 行了深人 的探析 。

似 , 国南方哥特 小说 同样 充斥 着恐 怖、 秘 、 力 、



邪恶 和

了极 致


八月之光》 《
、 圣殿》 《
及 押沙龙 ,
押沙龙》
等经典作 品 中对南

二 、 国南 方 哥 特 小 说 把 传 统 哥 特 小 说 中 的 怪诞 发 挥 到


阴暗等哥特要素 , 而南 方哥特 小说具有 的独特 的历史 文化



怪诞 ”
并不专属 于哥特小说 ,
更别 说专属于美 国南方 哥

背景 ,
比如南方 的清 教文化 、
南方 的庄园制度 , 方的种族 主


特小说 ,
但是 , 怪诞 ”

这一特 征却 弥漫在美 国南方哥 特小说

义,
南北 的内战等等都 为哥特 小说 的发 展提 供 了养分 , 得
使

中的方方面面 ,
成为令人注 目的一大特 色。“
坡的《
怪异故 事

美国南方哥 特小 说成 为 哥特 小说 的 极其 重 要 的组 成 部分 。

集》 是从 标 题 、 事 到 人 物 完 成 了对 怪 诞 的 最 好 的诠




尽管哥特传统 存在 于整个英 美文 学之 中 , 它在 美 国南方


释 。 在坡 、


福克纳 、
奥康 纳及麦 卡勒斯等文学 大师 的作 品

文学中特别突 出,
而且具 有 自己的特点 ” …





中, 怪诞 ”

成了主要特征之一 ,
通过怪诞 的人 物形 象 、
怪诞 的

场景的现实性为南方哥特小说增 强了真实感

故事情节 和怪诞的言语行为来实现对 南方混乱 、
黑暗 和荒 谬

在1
8世纪哥特 小说 的创 始之 初 ,
哥特 小说 家笔 下 的场

的社会历史现实的揭露。

景多是 中世纪 阴森 的古 堡 、 山野 岭 、

修道 院 和破败 的古 屋

福克纳擅于刻 画奇异 怪诞 的人 物形象 , 他 的小 说 中 ,


等,
而到 了美国南方小 说家 的笔下 , 特场 景有 了现实性 特


怪诞甚至形成 了一 种风格 渗透 在他 的世系小 说和各 个短 篇

征,
尽管 一开始他们也 曾采用 了传 统 的哥特 场景 , 是 在这


小说 当中,
这种 “ 式怪 诞” 使 得福克纳成为南方文学 的“




些作家不断 的书写 中,
他们越来越 多地 把现实生 活 中的场景

诞 ” 师。通过塑造如《 月之 光》


中的乔 、 喧 哗与骚动》



描绘进来 ,
故事发生 的时 间多为 他们 正切 身经 历 的年代 ,


的康普生家族 以及《
献给艾米 丽 的玫 瑰》中的艾 米丽等众 多

事发生的地点多 为他们所 真 实生活 着的美 国南 方 的某 个场

的畸形怪诞 的人物形象 ,
福克 纳为我们读者 描画 了一 幅幅生

所。2 世纪二 、

三十年代 , 福克 纳、 康纳 、


威廉 姆斯 和麦
卡勒斯等创作 的小说 中,
场景 的设置 极具真 实性 。“ 们笔

下的南方世界是 ‘
哥特式 ’ , 暗 的,
的 晦
是对 南方 战后 现实 的

动逼 真的旧南方没落家族 的图景 ,
从而 深刻地揭示 了旧南方
的极其特殊 的历史 文化 背景 与南方人 的挫败 梦魇般 的文 化
心理 。



d 埘 l cn inE田衄 l a icTb e l &Seeru s 万方数据

2 1・


豳蟹雹国磁圈

2 1 年第 1 卷第 1
02

3期

继福克纳之后 ,
享有“
南方哥特女王”
美称 的奥康纳成 为
美 国南方哥特小说中运用 “
怪诞 “
来抒 写南 方 的继承人 。奥

四、
侦探推理小说与哥特小说 的完美融合也成为美国 南
方哥 特 小 说 的 一 大 特 色

康纳作品中的“
畸人”
形象 给读者 留下 了非常深刻 的印象 ,


坡 是 这 方 面 的 杰 出 代 表 , 坡 成 功 地 把 侦 探 推 理 小 说 的


创造了一群哥特 式“
畸人” 通过展 现这些 或身体上或精神 上


技巧与哥特元素进 行 了巧妙 的融合 。坡 因在 推理 方面 的非

畸形变态的人物的怪 诞 ,
奥康纳揭示 了人在现实 中面临 的极

凡天赋而被公认 为“
侦探小 说 的鼻祖 ”
。坡 一生 共创作 了 5

端 困境 ,
给人 印象深刻的有《
好人难寻》
中的一家五 口人 的怪

篇侦探推理小说 ,
创造 了 5种经 典 侦探小 说模 式 ,
为后世 竟

异 的死亡 ,
尤其怪诞 的是 一家 中的年 迈的老奶 奶 ,
她在 目睹

相效仿 。作为侦探小说 巨匠, 探小 说 的鼻祖 ,

坡在 哥特 小

家 中其他成员的被杀时 ,
心理状态 极其怪异 ,
先是惊恐 万状 ,

说 当中必然融合了哥特与推 理双重元 素 。在坡 的小说 中,


后是 自己面临死亡时 的彻底 绝望 ,
最后是 死在 “
不合 时宜 的

处充斥着死亡 、 怖 、 团与谋杀 。在坡 的第 一篇推 理小 说



人 ” 口下时 的安 详,

脸上 露 出了神秘 的微 笑。奥康纳 把她


莫格街谋杀案》 坡设计 的恐 怖 的作 案场景 惨不 忍睹 ,
中,


的“
畸人 ”
刻画得 如此入木 三分 ,
令人读后 有种心灵受到撞击

人毛骨悚然 。在《
你就是杀人凶手》 坡将哥特 的神 秘与缜
中,

的震撼 ,
哥特式 的怪诞被她挥洒 自如地 运用到她 的哥特陈述

密 的推理综合在一起 ,
运用心理 战术暴露 出 了真 凶。在坡 之

中,
她笔下的每一位 “
畸人 ”
都不 是简单 数语可 以概括 的 ,


后,
福克纳也在他 的哥特小说创作 中成功地运用 了侦探推 理

个形象都呈现 出不 同 的深度 , 人深思 。事 实上 , 特式 的



小说 的某些手法 。福克 纳把恐 怖可 怕 的气氛 下充满 着 凶杀

怪诞普遍存 在于 美 国南 方 文学 中,
只不过 在不 同 的作 家笔

暴力 的情节 与侦探 推理 手法 相 结合 , 而 使小 说 更具 吸 引


下 , 的描述 与呈现 的方法 不 同而 已 , 于南 方女作 家麦
怪诞


力,
这种结合产生 的震撼人心的艺术 效果更能揭 示人心灵 深

卡勒斯而言 ,
她通过 主要 体现在人 物的外貌特征上 以及精神

处 的罪恶 ,
极具表现力 。《
圣殿》、 押沙龙 , 沙龙 》 坟 墓


和《

层面一 的怪诞反 衬出整个 社会 的畸形 。麦 卡勒 斯的怪 诞具




的闯入者》
都是福克纳把哥特小说与侦探推 理小说进行融 合

有 的独特风格体现在她并不一味追求纯 粹的怪诞 ,
而是要通

运用 的成功尝试 ,
为他 的道德探 索 和社会 批判 增添 了力度 。

过在小说 中设计一些“
怪人 ”
和荒诞 的“
怪事 ”
来表 达其 自身

在《 沙龙 ,

押沙龙 》 ,
中 罗莎和昆 丁夜里去探访 破败的庄园 ,

对现实社会的理解感悟。在《
伤心咖啡馆之歌》 麦卡勒斯
中,

其场景 的描写恐怖至极 ,
小说 中的几个 叙述者按 照各 自的立

刻 画 r三个怪人 : 蜜利 亚、

马文和李蒙 ,
三人 的畸形变态 的

场 与意愿去叙述 ,
几个叙述 者成 了名 符其 实的 侦探 ,
他们 要

三角恋具有浓厚的怪 诞色彩 ,
麦卡勒斯 通过这一怪诞 的爱情

揭磊 的不仅是斯特潘家族 的内幕 ,
而且 是整个南 方的罪恶 历

悲剧反映 出南方社 会下层 人 民以至整 个人类 的异 化、
孤独 、

史。

绝 望等心理状态 ,
同时也折射 出女 性在男权主 义压迫下 的无
奈 与无助 。 三 、美国南方哥 特小说从坡 开始就表现出极其深入的心
理 探 求

五、在美国南方哥特 小说 中,
蓄奴制 与种族 主义成为 一
大主题

借 助于哥特小说所 具备 的震撼心灵 的力量 ,
一大批作 家
着力 于揭示历史 的罪恶 与残酷 的社 会现 实。蓄奴制 与种 族


南方哥特小说更重要 的特点在 于它 一开始就表现 出探

主义一直是美 国南 方最敏感 , 根本 的 问题 ,

触及 了南方 的

索人类心灵 的隐秘 深处 ,
揭示其 黑 暗内涵 的浓厚 兴趣 , 以


政治 、
经济 、
文化和道 德等 方方 面面 的社 会问题 。南 方哥 特

英 国哥特小说为代表的传统哥特小说相 比,
这是 主题上 的重
大变化和发展。 ‘坡 对哥特 小说做 出 了一 大贡献便 是把 心
”4

小说家们致力于揭示南方社 会的封 闭、
落后 、
保守 和腐朽 ,


理探索 弓进 了哥特创作 ,

开创 了“
心理哥 特小说”
。坡非 常注

国南 方特殊 的历史文化中 ,
蓄奴 制成 为最突 出也是最根深 蒂

重心理描写 , 小说 中,

坡浓 墨重彩 地描绘 挖 掘人 的内心世

固的顽疾 , 内战后的南方 ,

种族 矛盾更加 激化 ,
即使是在 南

界,
心理活动经 过坡 的笔下 刻画 ,
显得 十分生 动 、
逼真 、 腻


方社会进入到现代 ,
这种 因种族 问题 而导致 的整个南方社 会

与丰富。坡把道德探索与心理探索结合 起来 ,
揭示 出人 的灵

的精神方面及心理方面的病 态依然存 在且严重到一定程度 。

魂深处 的罪恶 ,
从而 推动了哥特小说 的深入发展。

蓄奴 制和种族 主义成为 这些作 家笔 下最普 遍 的主题 。在 美

大部分美 国南方哥 特小 说都或 多或 少涉 及到 了种族 问

坡 善于把哥特手 法与心 理分 析进行 结合运 用来 揭示 故

题。坡作为早期的哥特 小说 家 ,
其诸 多短篇 小说描写 了蓄奴

事 中的主人公 内心深处的变态 、
阴暗与丑恶 等心理 。例 如在

制统 治下的种族压迫和种族 歧视 问题 ,
对此严 酷的社会 现实


一桶白葡萄酒》 ,
中 坡选用第一人称视角叙事来更加深 入地

进行讽刺和批判 。虽然坡的种族观历 来被认为 有局限性 ,


探 索主人公蒙特里梭 的扭 曲的犯罪心理 ,
逼真 地描写主 人公

不很彻底 ,
但是坡能够在他 的小 说创 作 中由始至终地进 行种

从产生犯罪动机到实施真正的 凶杀 的全 过程。丽在《
厄舍 古

族 问题 的反思 ,
对于处在一个到 处充斥着尖 锐的种族矛 盾的

屋 的倒塌》 《
、 泄密 的心》 《
、 黑猫 》 《
、 红死魔 的面具》 《
、 活埋 》

社会的南方作家而言已经算是很大的突破 了。而福克纳在无

和《
陷坑和钟摆》中 , 同样 巧妙 地把 心理 因素 融进 哥特 之


情地揭露种族 问题方 面 比坡要 彻底 全面 。在 《 沙龙 , 沙



中,
为后继哥特 等小说 对人物 心理深 处 的善恶 冲突 、
心理 变

龙》 ,种族歧视的思想在每 个角色的脑海中都存在过 。
中 “


态 以及人格分裂等的剖析开创 了先河。此外 , 克纳在 其作


在《
押沙龙 ,
押沙龙》 ,
中 导致 萨德本 家族 的衰落 甚至 可以说

品中同样注重表现人类遭受折磨 的灵魂 和罪恶 的内心 ,
例如

是导致整 个旧南 方倒塌 的决定性 因 素便是 种族 主义 和蓄奴

在“
约克纳帕塔法 ”
世系小说中 ,
福克纳刻画了 四大家族 由盛

制的罪恶 。亨利和邦本是同根生却彼 此相残 ,
邦有八 分之一

而 衰的过程 ,
揭示 了各 个家族 成员 的坎坷 人生经 历 , 而 展


的黑人血统对亨利来说是致命的打 击 ,
亨利 能容忍邦 和妹妹

现 出南 方人 所 经 受 的 焦 虑 彷 徨 的 心 理 。

的乱伦婚姻 ,
却无法容忍邦 的一 丁点儿黑人血统 。由此可



万方数据

2 2・


Ids 谢 &s 蚰c Ti n 毽圈圉圈瞳圜 nlt lr d e r ue b

从 白居 易 《 琶 行 》

探讨 其 音 乐 美学 思 想
口 张佳 颖


摘 要】 居 易是我国唐代著名的现实主义诗人,

在中国文学史上占有非常重要的地位 ,
同时,
白居易还是唐代杰出的文人音
乐家 ,
他热爱音 乐,
写过许 多关于音 乐的诗 ,
对后世 文人音 乐影响 深远 。本文主要通过 分析 、 究白居 易与音 乐相 关

的诗作 ,
总结概括其音 乐美学思想。


关键词】
白居易;琵琶行》 音乐美学思想



作者简介 】
张佳 颖(981 , ,
18. ~)女 河北石 家庄人 ;
燕山大学艺术 与设 计学院 21 级在读硕士研究 生; 究方向:
01

传统音乐





白居 易 生 平 及 创 作

1《
. 琵琶行 》 《
。 琵琶行 》
是我 国唐代 现实 主义叙事 诗 的

( )
一 生平。自居 易是 继杜 甫 以后 又 一位伟 大 的现 实主

经典之作 。自居易 以精湛 的写作 手法从 不 同角度 对琵 琶 曲

义诗人 , 现存 的诗 近三千首 , 诗歌理 论方面 ,


自居 易主张

进行 了生动细致 的描写 。在诗 中, 琵琶 ”

是一个 帮助 涛人表

反映现实 ,
他的诗 作大 多抨 击 当时 的腐败 政治 , 露 了当时


达情感 的工具 ,
诗中将诗 人所有的情感 、
意境 、
风格全部 依托

的黑暗现实 ,
反映 了广 大人 民群 众 的贫 困生 活和悲 惨遭 遇 ,

在琵琶所奏乐 曲之 中, 中对琵琶 的形 制、

演奏技 法等 作 了

具有深刻 的思想 意义 。白居 易在艺 术 上是一 位 勇敢 的革新

形象 、
生动的描写 ,
反映 出诗人 对琵琶 这件 乐器 细致入 微 的

家 , 与元 稹等 提倡 的“ 乐 府运 动” 是唐 代诗 歌创作 中一




观察 ,
如琵琶的形制 、 能 、

演奏技 巧等 ,
通过 描绘 性 的手法

场很具影 响的革新运动 , 还写 下 了《 乐府 》 十首 ,



代表

表现 出音乐 的美 。另外 ,
作品 中的描绘也反 映 出唐 代空前盛

了新乐府运动 的最高成就 。白居易 的诗 作形象 鲜明 、
通俗 易

世 的景象 , 中 出色 的音乐 描写 使 诗作 充满 强 烈 的视 听效


懂、
自然流畅 ,
形成 了 自己 的风 格 , 少 诗歌 还具 有 民歌风


果 , 出诗 中有乐 , 中有诗 的通感美 。
表现


味,
很受人民群众 的喜爱 、 迎 。 自居 易 同时又 是一位 精通

音律 的大诗人 。在 白居易众多音 乐诗 中 , 隐藏着 许多音乐


重要 的地位。他 酷爱 诗、 、 ,
酒 琴 白居易 对音 乐 ,
特别是 对古

美学观点 ,
大都散落于 白居 易 的音乐 诗和 《
策林 》 ,
中 笔者就

琴 十分钟爱 ,
这在他 的诗 中也均有记 载, : 酒既 酣 , 自援
如 “


其音乐生活及其音乐美学 思想进行 论述 。

琴,
操宫声 , 秋思》
弄《
一遍 。若兴 发 , 家僮 调 法部丝 竹 ,



( )
二 白居 易的音 乐创作 。

2 其他 诗乐创作 。音乐在 自居 易的生活 中,

占据着非 常

奏《
霓裳羽衣》 曲。 这是 自居易的一首著名 的诗作 ,


诗中一

见,
可怕黑暗的蓄奴制与种族主义使 得像 亨利和邦 这样 的南
方人成 为受 害者 ,
成为牺牲 品,
即使 在奴隶 制废 除 的时代 ,


族歧视 ,
因此 ,
别格从小就敌视周 围 的一切 ,
在无 意杀死 白人

族 主义 的阴影依然笼 罩着南方 ,
旧南方 因而变得更 加衰败 不

思。事实上 , 国南方哥特小说历经 时代的变 迁而在不 断地


堪 。在( k
/ 月之光》 乔 也是一个深受种族 主义迫害 的可怜
中,

发展着 ,
因南方特 殊的社 会历史 和文 化 的积淀 而独具 特 色。

人 。种族偏 见摧 残折磨着 乔的心灵 ,
导致 乔最终 沦为心理 极

除了上述几大特色外 , 国南方哥特 小说在新 时期发展 了更


其变态 的残 忍杀人犯 。

多的特色 ,
例如 ,
南方 哥特小 说 已经 走进 了后 现代 的视野 之

小姐玛丽之后 ,
别格反而找到 了 自我 , 具讽刺意 味 ,

发人 深

在 再现种族 问题 这一主题上 ,
像莫 里森和赖 特这样 的黑

中,
同时也融进 了女 性主义 的叙 事等。 由此 ,
南方 哥特 小说

人作 家的书写似乎应该 比白人作 家更能具 有感染 力表现 力 ,

呈现 了更加多姿多彩的面貌 , 为美国文学 乃至世界 文学的


例 如在 《 D 中,
宠J ) 莫里森用哥特式 的恐怖 与压抑来呈 现种族

繁荣与发展不可或缺 的一部分 ,
具有旺盛 的生命力 。

主义在 旧南 方的肆 意横行 造 成的 恶果 。通过 黑奴母 亲塞 丝
杀 害 自己的亲生 女儿 来结 束女儿 的奴隶命 运 的故 事情节 来


参考文献】

暴 露在 残忍的奴隶制下奴隶主 与奴隶之 间发生 的激烈 冲突。

1 肖明翰.

福克纳与美 国南方文 学传 统 [ ]
J .外 国文 学研 究,

整篇小说 充斥着 哥特 式的恐怖 、
痛苦 、
挣扎 、
压抑 与 内心 激烈

1 96. :

4 24

的冲突。塞丝女 儿 的幽灵般 的 出现象 征 着种族 主 义 的困扰
不断,
而这恰恰是 所有南 方人 , 论 是 白人还 是黑 人都逃 离


2 王晓姝.

哥特之魂 :
哥特传统在 美 国小说 中的嬗 变[ .
M] 北

不 了的梦魇。理查 德 ・ 特被公认 为“ 代美 国黑人 小说之



3 刘玉红. 国南方哥 特小说 的现代精神 [ ]


J .广 西师 范大学

京 : 识 产 权 出版 社 ,oO:2

2 1 13~15


父” 在 赖特 的代 表作 《

土生子》 ,
中 哥特式 的恐怖与暴 力的描

学报 (
哲学社会科学版) 2o ( 1 )4
,O o S 期 : o 写成 为主要 的叙事 手段 。主人公 别格 生 长在 一个 到处 充满

4 王爱 琴.

种族 歧视 的悲剧——福 克 纳小说 《 沙龙 , 沙



着 种族 压迫的环境 当中,
黑人 处处遭 受着来 自白人社 会的种

龙》
解读 [ ] 外 国文学,0 0 7 12
J.
2 1 , :o



Il蒯 & dn bnE田圈晒囵 nl d t See ̄ue s cT
万方数据

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A Rose for Emily

...A Rose for Emily: 1.) The irony of the “long strand of iron-gray hair” is in reference to a rat. Earlier on in the story, Miss Emily refused to say what the arsenic was to be used for, but the druggist labeled it as “for rats”. So for Miss Emily to use the toxic drug on him but at the same time placing a rat hair by him, it creates a sense of irony. 2.) The townspeople are the unspoken narrator. 3.) The main character in “A Rose for Emily” is Miss Emily, if the story would have been in her point of view, we would not have found out about what happened after she died. 4.) The smell mentioned in the beginning is definitely a form foreshadowing because the story states that the smell was gone after a week or two. Also, when Miss Emily buys the arsenic and refuses to state what she needed it for, it gave the feeling that she was not using it on rats. 5.) Miss Emily has outgrown her time. The settings around her are starting to move faster and she does not keep up. Her house needs work and gas pumps are starting to become the new neighbors. 6.) Miss Emily is considered part of the towns past growing up in the south while Homer is a Yankee that has a shady past. 7.) I do find humor in the end because it seems like no matter what happened, she still cared about him. Yes she killed him but she took care of his dead body, almost as if she was obsessed with him. 8.) I do not think Miss Emily would be conserved a “murderous madwoman” to the author...

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A Rose for Emily

...A Rose for Emily Author: William Faulkner Plot: The story is broken down in 5 sections. In section I, the narrator recalls the time of Emily Grierson’s death and how the entire town attended her funeral in her home, which no stranger had entered for more than ten years. Colonel Sartoris, the town’s previous mayor, had suspended Emily’s tax responsibilities to the town after her father’s death, justifying the action by claiming that Mr. Grierson had once lent the community a significant sum. As new town leaders take over, they make unsuccessful attempts to get Emily to resume payments. When members of the Board of Aldermen pay her a visit, in the dusty and antiquated parlor, Emily reasserts the fact that she is not required to pay taxes in Jefferson and that the officials should talk to Colonel Sartoris about the matter. However, at that point he has been dead for almost a decade. She asks her servant, Tobe, to show the men out. Section II: the narrator describes a time thirty years earlier when Emily resists another official inquiry on behalf of the town leaders, when the townspeople detect a powerful odor emanating from her property. Her father has just died, and Emily has been abandoned by the man whom the townsfolk believed Emily was to marry. As complaints mount, Judge Stevens, the mayor at the time, decides to have lime sprinkled along the foundation of the Grierson home in the middle of the night. Within a couple of weeks, the odor subsides, but the townspeople begin...

Words: 853 - Pages: 4