...consensus on welfare challenged during the Thatcher years? The post war consensus was the period of political history which emerged in the difficult years following World War II. Britain returned home victorious from war but in a state of social and economic un-rest. The people of Britain had a strong sense of solidarity at this time and begun to reject previous decades’ laissez faire philosophy and non-interventionist government policy. The population’s expectations of the state were high and people had a clearer understanding of the relationship between the state and its citizens. It is argued that attitudes changed due to new accessibility to information people had, such as the Beveridge Report, and they wanted the government to respond (Titmuss, 1950). The public pushed for a greater state intervention to ensure the economic and social wellbeing of the citizens. One of the main policies of the post war consensus was the evolution of the new welfare state which was based on the principles of equal distribution of wealth, equality and the public responsibility for those unable to provide a decent standard of living for themselves. This new collectivist approach covered areas such as education, unemployment, health, housing and poverty that were thought important to overcome to enjoy a reasonable standard of living. The post-war consensus prevailed from 1945 until the election of the Conservative government led by Margaret Thatcher in 1979. Thatcher challenged the welfare state mainly...
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...All of humankind has been using animals in order to survive since the beginning of time. Animals such as horses have been used as transportation. Fish and beef were also popular throughout the Paleolithic era where people lived off on hunting and gathering. Even as time progressed, animals continued to be used for these purposes all the way to our present day. Animals are not only being used for these purposes now but are also being used for medical research and product-testing. The downside to the use of animals today is the inhumane procedures taken to do certain testing. However, giving animal rights would be an extreme measure. In reality, when a person listens to the words “animal rights”, they automatically think about the elimination...
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...and tariffs on agricultural products or, simply increase foreign aid to these poorer nations? It is an important issue as it concerns many factors including fundamental morals, world economics, the welfare of the developing world and welfare of the developed world. This essay will help to establish the fact that although the past increases and, possible future increases of foreign aid received by developing countries is not unwelcomed, the fact the foreign aid continues to be necessary shows that it is not a permanent solution for the economy of poorer nations. The problems still remain that aid will continue to have negligible impact if subsidies and tariffs are not significantly restricted. There is an underling dilemma between the ethics and practices of international trade and business. The point put simply is rich countries can maintain their own standards with tariffs and agricultural subsidies and, ease their conscience with foreign aid. The issue with this form of reasoning is it doesn't solve the real problem in the long term. There seems to be little point in declaring to help third world countries with aid if first world countries dont enable them to sell their products at a profit. The real answer to agricultural and economic success of poor countries lies in the abolishment of all subsidies...
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...inflation by ____________. selling Federal Treasury Bonds at a discounted rate. increasing the amount of silver coinage and silver-backed paper money. decreasing the amount of gold in circulation. increasing government expenditures to stimulate the economy. reducing the prime interest rate to stimulate investments. Question 3 10 / 10 pts In the Ocala Demands, the Populists demanded the abolishment of the national government. True False Question 4 10 / 10 pts Complete the following progression: AGRARIAN DISCONTENT; the GRANGE ASSOCIATIONS; FARMERS' ALLIANCES; _____________. Coxey's Army The Populist Party the Grange associations the election of Rutherford Hayes as President unionization Question 5 10 / 10 pts Which of the following terms is not compatible with the other terms on the list? economic stimulus package "bailouts" to troubled farmers or businesses "hands off" governmental attitude monopoly regulation welfare provisions Question 6 10 / 10 pts Your railroad line has made a fortune through questionable practices such as rebates, rate discrimination, and...
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...sustainable agriculture and how it may be achieved with regards to the 2020 foo harvest vision. Then how this may be applied to my home farm in order to achieve these goals and the effect this may have on our nation. It’s a very exciting year 2015 for the Agri sector with the abolishment of the quota and the expected expansion within the dairy community as our traditional way of farming is demising as we are adapting to the methods of the new Zealanders and the Americans. Minister Simon coveney is now putting emphasis on this sustainable agriculture while we continue to become more productive and efficient in our daily practices as an Irish farmer today. * As the high expectations of food harvest 2020 looms in the future pressure is building on the sector to produce the goods without damaging the environment. Here I’m going to discuss the 2020 vision and access if Ireland is on the right track. The Agri-food & fisheries is Irelands largest indigenous industry with a huge history behind it and this industry currently employees 150,000 people and a €24billion output. Ireland is known globally for its high standards of food hygiene and production whilst maintaining excellent animal welfare. In my opinion 2020 can be looked at in a very positive way this is a big opportunity for this sector to grow and develop in a safe manner as the guidelines have been set with a number of key principles to be kept in mind throughout the growth period. I will go through the principles...
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...Erosion of the Welfare State Since 1979 Works Cited Not Included In this essay I will attempt to examine if and by how much the welfare state has been eroded since 1979. Due to length limitations I will have to oversimplify topics covered. However I will explore issues in a coherent frame work to scrutinize the continuity of the ‘classic welfare state, (Powell 1998). Many political theorists have debated the birth of the welfare state. Poor Law which can be dated back to the 14th century (Labourers Act) maybe considered the first step in a long journey to become what we recognise as the welfare state today (Midwinter1994, Jones 2000). However others classify the beginning of the Classic welfare state by the report written by William Beverage (1942) which identified ‘five giants’ of social disorder; want, idleness, squalor, disease and ignorance. The main focus of the solution was flat-rate contributions as well as flat-rate cash benefits, (Titmuss 1950; Hennessy 1992; Powell 1998). Drawing from these two points of view the foundation of the classic welfare state I will take the latter (Five Giants) as most credible, as most of the major features of the welfare state were initiated by the Labour and Conservative governments (Labour’s landslide victory of the conservations after World War two) from this point, such as the planned, approved and implemented universal non-selective NHS 1948. As we now have a beginning context we must explore when the erosion...
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...The reconstruction phrase was lots of violence among slavery all over the south.The Reconstruction land-grant plan “Forty acres and a mule”, this land would be divided up between slaves to restart their way of life. The Reconstruction phrase should have help guarantee equal rights and freedom for all americans. The Thirteenth Amendment was finalized in 1865 in which it abolishment of slavery within the United States.The Fourteenth Amendment (18680 extended “equal protection of the laws” to all citizens.The Fifteenth Amendment (1870 )guaranteed that the right to vote could not be denied on the account of race and color.The term Freemen was the term used given to those slaves who became free men after the U.S Congress passed the Confiscation act of 1862....
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...Could there be Too Much Freedom? Professor Damon Turner African American History 116 April 21, 2015 During slavery, African Americans fought hard to gain independence and civil rights for both themselves and their children. White Americans did not consider slaves to be their equals, they considered them as property. They viewed African American slaves as property that was sold and purchased from one master to another to perform the masters’ work for no pay. By 1860, a large percentage of slaves had become free. These newly freed African Americans took advantage of their freedom by forming black churches, where they no longer had to listen to their master’s prejudice sermons, and took the time to reunite with their families and build a strong bond with them. African American ancestors created morals and black cultural beliefs that they hoped to instill in their children. There were several black people that believed that receiving an education and having a career would one day help them gain the acceptance of white Americans and be recognized as their equals. As slaves, it was prohibited and almost impossible for African Americans to receive an education. Today, black people are legally considered to be equal to any other race in America, and have every constitutional right that any other race has as well. Black children now have the right to an education and they have more freedom than ever before in history. As slaves, black children lacked both education and freedom...
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...(Demond 74). It was seen throughout the book the core of the people struggling were women, specifically single mothers that held more than two jobs or were switching from one job to another. Many women like Arleen, who left a job due to problems like depression, suffered even more to stay out of eviction. Some women were left by their partner after they got pregnant, which created problems such as finding a bigger place to live as there were more people, hence more money going towards rent from their “income”. This is portrayed in Arleen’s case where “Arleen couldn’t find a cheaper place, at least not one fit for human habitation, and most landlords wouldn’t rent her a smaller one on account of her boys”, making her pay 88 percent of her welfare check towards...
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...John Stuart Mill was known as an economist, philosopher and influential contributor to social and political theory. He was famous for his writing on individual liberty and utilitarianism. He believed individual liberty is essential in evolving society as well as unleashing the truth. Mill’s ideas stretched to governing every aspect of human liberty promoting change, innovation, and the development of societies, his arguments can be easily used in any dispute over rights and freedoms. His greatest concern was that society will morph into a “collective norm” where human innovation would not exist. Although his notions became problematic he was still able to clarify the benefits that came with individual liberty. Mainly, Mill’s emphasis the abolishment of tyranny whether politically or socially while promoting a simplistic yet effective view on social growth and individual liberty. He was a very radical politician for his time. He once proposed in parliament that women should have the right to vote just as man. The vote did not pass and actually he was made fun for his absurd proposition. It went so far as to speculate with his sexual orientation since only “such a person could have these strange ideas”. Mill however did not approve of the movement for universal suffrage and did not believed that a woman should be completely independent. In his essay “On Liberty” explains his thoughts on the subject. There searches for the appropriate level of power a society can have over any person...
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...Beginning in 1920, the 18th Amendment prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcohol, but the idea of sobriety began more than a century earlier. Eventually, religious groups, politicians, and social organizations supported total abolishment of alcohol, leading to Prohibition. The 18th Amendment caused an influx of organized crime and was eventually repealed in 1933. Why did Americans want the Prohibition amendment passed? How did Prohibition fit into the goals of the progressive reform? What were its effects, and why was it eventually repealed? And was the passage of this amendment right or wrong? The Prohibition, started with the ratification of the 18th Amendment in 1919. The ban was not officially put into effect until January...
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...out your eyeliner, chapstick, or any kind of medical products, have you ever stopped to wonder, “On what are these products tested?” You could be supporting animal cruelty without even be aware of it. The majority of the medications that we are provided with today have been tested on animals before being introduced onto the market . Using animals in scientific research has forever since been a controversial topic for heated debates. Despite the fact that we often benefit from successful animal experimentation, the pain and death that hundreds of millions of animals are suffering from are not worth the welfare of human beings. In addition, many forward-thinking-scientists have developed alternatives that replace the use of animals and furthermore, provides more accurate data to the study of human health and diseases. Therefore, I believe...
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...All citizens, even sans culottes and peasants, could vote, provided they were male. Sans culottes were also given public welfare, which prevented the price of bread from rising and gave rise to food affordability. The bourgeoisie and nobles did not fare as well, however. Many of the upper classes suffered from mass executions and, in the case of the nobility, loss of land. Among the bourgeoisie, the Jacobins pitted themselves against the wealthier class members. Women, regardless of class, were denied voting and lost all the political influence that had been gained in the First Revolution. While they remained equal under the law, their political groups were disbanded and any sense of power removed. As the end of the French Revolution drew near, Thermidorian Reactionaries and Napoleon created a France that was peaceful, but not at all what the French Revolution...
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...Critically discuss the Beveridge Report in shaping the Immediate Post 1945 Welfare State. In 1834 the Poor Law Amendment Act was introduced. The Amendment Act was aimed at ensuring the poor and needy had homes, food and clothing. Homes, food and clothing where provided in return for labour in the work houses, adults and children worked for several hours in the day. The children did receive education in the work houses, in return for their labour. The aim was that the outcome of being unable to support yourself or family was so harsh and severe, that it would stop anyone from wishing to enter (The National Archives, 2014: 1). The Second World War saw a shift from the Poor Law to the Welfare State through the Beveridge Report. “No one, not even Beveridge himself, ever planned the Welfare State, nor has it been a direct outcome of any political or social philosophy”, (Bruce, 1961: 13). “It has been in fact no more than the accumulation over many years of remedies to specific problems which in the end have reached such proportions as to create a new conception of governmental responsibility”, (Bruce, 1961: 13).” The Beveridge Report of 1942 was the culmination of a review of the whole of social security provision in Britain commissioned by the Wartime National Government”, (Alcock, 1987: 51). The Wartime National Government only set out to tidy Britain up, not to make the huge changes Beveridge reported were required. Beveridge found that Britain had five giant evils to slay...
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...Dylan Tuliszewski Microeconomics Professor Bajwa 13 November 2013 Against Raising Minimum Wage In my opinion, more people are hurt by a minimum wage increase than are helped by it. Increasing the minimum wage helps some low wage workers in the short run but is detrimental to the majority of society in the long run. An increase in the minimum wage helps some low wage workers in the short run. If a worker earned less than the new minimum wage, it is beneficial to them to get an increase in their hourly wage, as long as the prices of goods and services stays the same and the company they work for is not forced to downsize. In spite of a temporary benefit to one group of workers, an increase in the minimum wage is harmful to several other groups. Employers, some low wage employees, and society as a whole are hurt by the increase. Employers are harmed by an increase in the minimum wage. The increase causes a company’s cost of operation to go up. Higher input prices decrease a company’s profits. Because of the higher cost of labor, an employer cannot employ as many workers. This causes a decrease in the company’s productivity, which also decreases their profits. Small businesses especially have a difficult time accommodating increases in minimum wage because they do not have as large of a budget to work with. Some low wage workers lose their jobs as a result of an increase in minimum wage. The company they work for may decide to let some of their low wage employees...
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