...application requires using two stacks whose elements are of the same type. A natural storage structure of such a two-stack data type would consist of two arrays and two top pointers. Explain why this may not be a space wise efficient implementation. A stack is a last in first out (LIFO) data type. A stack can be implemented using arrays where the data is stored in continuous memory locations. We have two operations in a stack push and pop. Since it has continuous memory allocated, if we try inserting data it gets saved in that free space present in either of the stacks. This is not a space wise efficient implementation because data is stored statically. In this case one stack can be full while the other is empty. 2. Using the basic queue and stack operations, write an algorithm to reverse the elements in a queue. Create an empty stack While the queue is not empty Remove a value from the queue and push it onto the stack While the stack is not empty Pop a value from the stack and add it to the queue. 3. Assume that 'Stack' is the class described in this section with 'StackType' set to into and STACK_CAPACITY or myCapacity set to 5. Give the value of 'myTop' and the contents of the array referred to by 'myArray' in the Stack s afer the code segment is executed, or indicate why an error occurs. Stack s; s.push(1); s.push(2); s.push(3); s.pop(); s.push(4); s.push(5); s.pop(); s.pop(); In a stack it is last in first out so When...
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...launched a hail of complaints. “I was hired as an engineer, not a pencil pusher.” “We spend over half our time writing asinine reports in triplicate for top management, and no one reads the reports.” After a two-hour discussion, Terrill concluded he had to get top management off the engineers’ backs. He promised the engineers, “My job is to stay out of your way so you can do your work, and I’ll try to keep top management off your backs too.” He called for the day’s reports and issued an order effective immediately that the originals be turned in daily to his office rather than mailed to headquarters. For three weeks, technical reports piled up on his desk. By month’s end, the stack was nearly three feet high. During that time no one called for the reports. When other managers entered his office and saw the stack, they usually asked, ‘what’s all this?’ Terrill answered, “Technical reports.” No one asked to read them. Finally, at month’s end, a secretary from finance called and asked for the monthly travel and expense report. Terrill responded, “Meet me in the president’s office tomorrow morning.” The next morning the engineers cheered as Terrill walked through the department pushing a cart loaded with the enormous...
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...Q1: What is the initial value of variable Top? The initial value of Top is blank. It is initialized under the array. It is waiting for a number to be set to set a value. Q2: What is the difference between Pop and Peek operations? Pop operations takes of the value at the top of the array. Each time that it is pressed it removes the first value at the top of the array. Peek only returns the value of the item to the top of the stack. So, if the button push is pressed, then that value is inserted to the top of the array. Q3: What are the initial values of Front and Rear? The initial value of the variable Front is the slot in the array spot for 0. The index 0 is where front is placed. The Rear variable is waiting for a value to be inserted to take a spot. This variable will always be the value that was last inserted to the array. Q4: What is the difference between Rem and Peek operations? The operations remove deletes the value at the top of the array. In other words on the rear variable. The peek operation returns the value that the variable rear is pointing to. Q5: What technique in array it used to allow 50 inserted into the queue? Once the array was filled all the way to the top, the pointer came back to the bottom of the array where we had deleted two values. It came down to index 0 and stored the value 50. Q6: What is the difference between priority queue and the regular queue at insertion operations? There is a difference between priority and regular queue. Regular queue...
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...Division. This division, with 20 engineers, was the highest paid, best-educated, and least-productive division. His job is to turn this division into a productive one. He called a meeting and asked the engineers what was the problem. He found out that the employees were not satisfied with the jobs assigned to them. They spent almost half of their time writing asinine reports in triplicate for top managers and no one would read them. He promised the engineers that he will take the top managers off their backs. He ordered that all reports be turned to his office daily rather than mailed to the headquarters. By month’s end, the stack was nearly three feet high. Finally, a secretary from finance asked for the monthly travel and expense report. The next morning Terrill entered the president’s office and placed the stack of reports on his desk. The president and other senior executives looked bewildered. He told the top management that those reports were the reason why his department lacks productivity. He suggested that engineers’ time must be used in a more productive manner and one brief monthly report will satisfy the needs of other departments. II. Statement of the Problem The Technical Services Division of DGL International was the highest paid, best-educated, but it was the least-productive division in the company. Problems 1. Employees were not satisfied with the jobs assigned to them. 2. Engineers spent half of their...
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...Exercise 1. Plot analysis a. Setting: the movie begins with the sight of a man sitting lonely with his camera near the river bank in a breezing Valentine afternoon. He quietly watched many couples walking along the side of the river, talking happily together, hand-in-hand. b. Rising action: then, he suddenly saw a girl walking alone near the river. Curious, he quickly raised his camera towards her and saw that she was trying to persuade the passer-by to take her a picture with her phone, but she was ignored and became a bit frustrated, then she resorted to “selfie”. After that, the girl moved into many beautiful places, took her own pictures by herself and faked a smile in every single shot. She didn’t know that the man was following her and secretly taking pictures of her. c. Climax: the camera suddenly let out clicking voice indicated that the current memory card was full so he might run the risk of being unable to take any more pictures of the girl. Then he sat down and took out from his wallet another card which had a line “don’t delete” written on it. That card turned out to contain a lot of pictures and videos which reminded him of her ex-girlfriend and the time they spent together. And this meant that he was in the quandary whether keeping his happy memories with his ex or deleting them and moving on. He was confused, hesitated and noticed that the girl was then standing under a spectacular tower with some words inscribed on it “out of the mountain of despair...
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...began to force their way on him. He made no sound and the others working did not know. Now out beyond him were the wide flat acres of wheat, heavy in ear, and the cut patches bare to the earth dotted with the stooks. The wagon moved slowly out, and when they reached the stooks his father began to pitch the hay. The sheaves thumped on the wagon. He helped Ted, who worked for them, to build the load. As the wagon started for the next stook he felt the jolt and looked at the load to see if it would hold. High up he sat when it was built and they drove in to the stack. He got on the stack and Ted threw the sheaves to him and he passed to his father. The sun was hard on the paddocks and the dull scrub and the few trees. It made the wagon hot and the hay held a heat, and his clothes were hot. It was hard to say when the shadows first started to come on the ground, but they began to shift out from the stooks and from the stack and about the few shade-trees. When they were tired with the mid-afternoon he saw his mother coming out with the tea. They sat in the shade of the wagon and he listened to the talk and he knew the people and the wheat and the town and the bulk bin and when he said something they listened and answered. The colours began to change slowly, to deepen, and shift from the...
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...Stack Exchange Inbox Reputation and Badges sign up log in tour help ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form Stack Overflow * Questions * Jobs * Tags * Users * Badges * Ask Question _ Stack Overflow is a community of 4.7 million programmers, just like you, helping each other. Join them; it only takes a minute: Sign up Join the Stack Overflow community to: 1. Ask programming questions 2. Answer and help your peers 3. Get recognized for your expertise Setting focus to a row in a JTable when using custom ResultSetTableModel up vote0down votefavorite | I have a JTable which is being fed from a database. I have a custom model for the table - ResultSetTableModel. The model is as follows: public class ResultSetTableModel extends AbstractTableModel { private String[] columnNames; private Class[] columnClasses; private List<List<Object>> cells = new ArrayList<List<Object>>(); public ResultSetTableModel() { columnNames = new String[1]; columnNames[0] = "Result Set"; List<Object> row = new ArrayList<Object>(); row.add("No data"); cells.add(row); } public ResultSetTableModel(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException...
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...Studies M180 Data Structures and Algorithms in Java Mid-Term Assessment (MTA) Fall – 2013 Saturday 17, November 2012 Number of MTA Pages: (including this cover sheet) ( 3 ) Time Allowed: ( 2 ) Hour Instructions: 1- Write all your answers on the same exam paper. 2- Electronic devices (especially calculators) are not allowed. Question Type Max. Mark Part 1: Multiple Choice Questions 10 Part 2: Short questions 20 Part 3: Coding questions 30 Total 60 Student Mark M180 Midterm-Ex am Fall 2012-2013 PART 1: ALL QUESTIONS ARE REQUIRED [10 Marks] Question 1: Choose the correct answer: (10 marks, one mark each) 1) a) b) c) d) One of the following methods return the top of the stack without applying any modifications: pop( ) push( ) peek( ) isEmpty( ) 2) a) b) c) d) Two main measures for the efficiency of an algorithm are: Processor and memory Time and space Complexity and capacity Data and space 3) a) b) c) d) A doubly nested “for loop” typically takes time in: Θ(n2) Θ(n) Θ(log n) Θ(log n2) 4) a) b) c) d) Arrays are best data structures: For relatively permanent collections of data For the size of the structure and the data in the structure are constantly changing For both of above situation For none of above situation 5) The elements of an array are stored successively in memory cells because: a) The architecture of computer memory does not allow arrays to store other...
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...based on their specific strengths. Designated throwers are called handlers and designated receivers are called cutters. The amount of autonomy or overlap between these positions depends on the make-up of the team. Vertical stack[edit] One of the most common offensive strategies is the vertical stack. In this strategy, a number of offensive players line up between the disc and the end zone they are attacking. From this position, players in the stack make cuts (sudden sprints) into the space available, attempting to get open and receive the disc. The stack generally lines up in the middle of the field, thereby opening up two lanes along the sidelines for cuts, although a captain may occasionally call for the stack to line up closer to one sideline, leaving open just one larger cutting lane on the other side. Variations of the vertical stack include the Side Stack, where the stack is moved to a sideline and one player is isolated in the open space, and the Split Stack, where players are split between two stacks, one on either sideline. In vertical stack offenses, one player usually plays the role of 'dump', offering a reset option which sets up behind the player with the disc. Horizontal stack[edit] Another popular offensive strategy is the horizontal stack. In the most popular form of this offense, three "handlers" line up across the width of the field with four "cutters" downfield, spaced evenly across the field. This formation encourages cutters to attack any of the space either...
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...The stack In life problems solved by confrontations is mandatory, no matter how hard you try to avoid them, sooner or later they will catch up, and stacking them instead of confronting them, will only make the problems bigger. Don’t wait for others to do your dishes take responsibility. That is among other things what Rose Tremain writes about in the short story ”The stack”, which was written and published in 2000. The story is told by an 3. Person omniscient narrator bound to John McCreedy. The main theme in the story is family problems that we can see, because the story is about a family that doesn’t function. The communication is bad, and the tone is hard between the members, they don’t like talking to each other and you get the feeling that the members in the family are alienated towards each other. The Story takes place in a small family in London it is in modern time, and about a modern family living in the suburban area. It can be seen through the language represented in the text: “Fuck off, Dad. Everyone remembers their fuckin’ age”. As shown in this quote. The main character is John McCreedy also known as McCreedy, he is father of 2 children and married to Hilda. Original McCreedy is from Ireland, which he misses enormously. He has a drinking problem and spends a little too much time in the pub: “But don’t go and spoil it by going out first and getting sloshed.” Through this quote it gets clear to us, that it is a regular thing for him to drink. We can assume...
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...Server Error in '/' Application. [pic] Transaction (Process ID 750) was deadlocked on lock resources with another process and has been chosen as the deadlock victim. Rerun the transaction. Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Transaction (Process ID 750) was deadlocked on lock resources with another process and has been chosen as the deadlock victim. Rerun the transaction. Source Error: |An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and | |location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below. | Stack Trace: | | |[SqlException (0x80131904): Transaction (Process ID 750) was deadlocked on lock resources with another process and has been | |chosen as the deadlock victim. Rerun the transaction.] | |System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection) +1951450 | |System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException...
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...Standard Operating Procedure
Global Demand Generation
|Document Identification Number (For this Document) : BIRLASOFT/SOP TPL/SoP Template |
|Document Identification Number : BIRLASOFT/SOP
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...This happens when there is not enough room allocated in the buffer and vital program information is overwritten by the new data. Attackers are able to exploit this by taking advantage of a program that is waiting on user’s input. In order to do this, an attacker must know the weaknesses in a program and understand how information will be stored in memory in order to alter the programs execution and gain access to a user’s system. Malware can also be specifically written in order to compromise the integrity of the system. Buffer overflows are the most common way for an attacker to gain access to a user’s system, with the two most common forms being stack and heap overflows. Stack overflows are the most common form of buffer overflow and subsequently, the most likely for an attacker to exploit. Stacks are divided into units called stack frames, which contain data related to a call for a specific function. The data includes essential information related to the function,...
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...Buffer Overflow Exploitation Overview Every program is first read into the memory and place on some address (say 00000000). When OS reads the executable file it stores it into the process memory and all its required Dll’s and their nested dll’s as well. Every dll has its own data and code segment but they share the same stack. No process can access memory of other processes. If this is highly necessary then these processes take help from special API calls to access other processes memory. While loading executable and dlls every process in 32 bit mode believes that there is 4GB RAM available. But this is not so on most of the systems. So while loading the program the process may create some logical addresses which are not present physically, and when those addresses are somehow accessed the program throws an exception. Whenever a dll is created in C/C++ a compiler automatically assigns it an image base address (00400000) whenever that dll is required in any program OS tries to load that dll to its image base address, if there is a conflict of address with any other dll then the OS automatically assigns it another address and refactors the program for the new address. A linker is a computer program which takes object files produced by Compiler. It analyses those files and where ever any cross reference is required it adds that cross reference this is called linking. In case of global data the linker knows that the global variables are always present in data segment of the executable...
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...What are policies, standards, specifications, procedures and exceptions Policy An Information Technology Policy is the highest level of the Information Technology (IT) Governance Standards documents. An IT Policy sets the direction, tone and limits for the enterprise and IT, and the IT Standards which are developed under the authority of the Policy. A Policy should seldom change. IT Policies require compliance; failure to comply may result in disciplinary action. Exceptions can only be approved by the CIO. A Policy focuses on desired results, not on the means of implementation. Accountabilities: Oversight of IT Policies is the responsibility of IT Governance. Policies must be approved by the Chief Information Officer and the Enterprise Policy Council. Standard Information Technology Standard Information Technology Standards are the most often used documents in the IT Policies and Standards Library serving as a reference for employees, contractors, consultants, and other persons. An IT Standard: • Defines requirements around a topic. The requirements may range from very specific (i.e., only 3DES and AES encryption algorithms may be used.) to broad (i.e., Web applications must check for common vulnerabilities). • Provides requirements without stating dynamic details. When dynamic details are important, an IT Standard may identify a requirement for the existence of a Specification or Procedure to contain those details. • Reviewed annually. The frequency of...
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