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Give an explanation as to why M:N relationships are not valid in a relational database:

Many-to-many relationships are not valid in a relational database because they result in records having multiple values in one cell (field). For example, in a many to many relationship, one sales number may return 10 inventory numbers in one cell. This causes a database to become extremely complex and confusing. It is much easier to understand a relationship when each record has only 1 unique value in each of its fields. To solve this issue, we must break up the many-to-many relationships by adding a new entities.

Describe the rules for placing Foreign Keys in an ER Diagram:

After we have eliminated the many-to-many relationships, there are two main rules for placing foreign keys. First, if there is a one-to-many relationship or many-to-one relationship, the foreign key goes into the table touching the many symbol. Second, in a one-to-one relationship, the foreign key can go into either table. However, there is one exception. If the one-to-one relationship is between 2 events, the foreign key goes into the entity with a minimum closest to zero.

Explain the purpose of Foreign Keys:

A foreign key is a primary key from one table that is put into another table to help show a relationship between the two tables. In essence, it links two tables together. In accounting and auditing, this is extremely beneficial because it allows an accountant or auditor to cross reference documents and other information. With the foreign key having a unique value for each record, we are able to easily verify and check databases.

Explain the importance of Major Cardinalities:

Major Cardinalities are important because they tell us where to put our foreign keys. After figuring out the Major Cardinalities, we can identify which relationships are N:M and break them up.

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