...CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW 2.1 Human Resource Management Management in business pursuits and organizations can be defined as the process of coordinating people and processes in order to accomplish specific goals and objectives. Business management specifically includes planning, organizing, staffing, directing operations, and resourcing. Resourcing, furthermore, requires the strategic use of human, financial, technological, and natural resources in accomplishing the goals of a business entity. Because business can be usefully viewed as “systems”, business management can be seen as human action designed to facilitate useful outcomes from the system. This view allow for the opportunity to “manage” oneself, an important factor to consider before managing operations and employees. Human resources management is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment of, management of, and providing direction for the people who work in the organization. It is the organizational function that deals with issues related to people such as compensation, hiring, performance management, organization development, safety, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration, and training. Human Resources management is the strategic approaches to the management of an organization’s most valuable asset—the people who work for that organization and who, individually and collectively, contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the business. Simply put, human...
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...Improving Organizational Performance at AirDevils Linking job satisfaction and organization productivity directly to an employee’s psychological state within the workplace is possible using theory of motivation. Rectifying psychological causes such as dissatisfaction motivate employees to perform tasks well, thus leading to productive behavior. Rectifying psychological factors can remove workplace stressors and relieve issues employees face in the workplace. AirDevils is a company full of dissatisfied and stressed employees. Although they may seem linked, the cause for dissatisfaction is not the cause for stress or vice versa as two specific groups make up the company. The performers make up one group and the supporting crewmembers make up the other. Dissatisfied performers create a downward spiral in productivity, and stressed crewmembers are unavailable or missing from work. The job characteristics theory of motivation is applicable to both groups to create improved job satisfaction and organizational productive by lowering stress. Improving the performers behavior by incorporating new stunts in routines can create a better aerial performance. In turn, AirDevils may begin to win awards in competition with the new routine, leading to improved job satisfaction. Some crewmembers are also aspiring performers, but too many are not able to keep pace because of injury and job stress. To reduce dissatisfaction and stressors, AirDevils must alleviate problems between performers and...
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...Analysis of root cause of job dissatisfaction and high turnover - Management Leadership & Foreman Issues The root causes for job dissatisfaction and high turnover rates among foremen at the Lima tire plant is due to a lack of job training, high workload, and lack of communication and support from management. There is a severe lack of job training among the foremen. The foremen need training on how to manage, lead, and motivate the union linemen as well as training on union rules and standards. There are problems within the linemen and foremen relationship as a result of the lack of training. There is also distrust and resentment between the union workers and foremen. The union workers seem to be protected by union reps. There was one example where it seemed the disciplinary action taken by the foremen was reversed by the union rep in an attempt the protect the union lineman. This union protection takes authority away from the foremen and further increases the distrust and resentment between the workers and foremen. In addition to lack of training, the foremen are overworked. There are two 12-hour shifts with a 30-minute lunch and 2 breaks, one in the morning and the other in the afternoon. In addition to managing the linemen the foremen must maintain production forecasts, identify maintenance issues at start of shift, monitoring labor hours and production rates, safety and health standards, staff production team, scheduling hourly employees, approve vacation requests...
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...The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Employee Turnover Rate Introduction Adelphoi Village is a private, non- profit company that provide community based services to children and adolescents in the Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland and West Virginia area. Adelphoi Village provides programs and services that strive to guide each youth on a path that will provide meaning, purpose and value in his/her life. Founded in 1971, Adelphoi Village has expanded to serve over 800 youth in 60 different counties. Adelphoi Village conduct several different services which includes, group homes, foster/adoptive services, charter school, multisystemic therapy, education services, diagnostic, in-home services, specialized independent living, secure care, mental health programs and other services that overlap to form a complete continuum of care for children, youth, and families. One of the departments under Adelphoi Village’s umbrella is its Multisystemic Therapy (MST) program. The MST program provides intensive in- home family therapy to youth who are involved with Department of Juvenile Justice or Child Protective Services. The MST therapist strive to empower the parents with the skills and resources needed to become independent in addressing the difficulties that arise in raising adolescents, and to assist the youth in developing life-long coping skills. In the MST program families receive in home therapy 2 to 3 times a week for two hours each session. The therapist carries a...
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...empowerment is a critical asset to one’s dedication and commitment to an organization and it is necessary that leaders act upon critical factors of contemporary leadership theories and approaches to enhance the working experience in conjunction to management of health care personnel. a. Who, What, Where, When Why: Within UCLA health system’s ambulatory specialties, there are various leaders and appointed managers who work with different teams of diverse personnel who are under a lot of stress as a result of high work load and departmental demand. Working in health care is a stressor in its own. There are various responsibilities and duties placed upon staff and the possibility of job dissatisfaction and burnout are very high. Unfortunately, not always is the best leadership approach enforced when addressing departmental concerns or issues with staff. It is important that health care managers consider and enforce the most effective leadership approach based on situational occurrences and factors such as one’s emotional intelligence. “Emotional intelligence involves the ability to monitor one’s own and other’s feelings and emotions, to descriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one’s thinking and actions” (Salovey & Mayer, 1990). One’s IE is influential in the leadership style for which one chooses to place into application and is critical to situational factors. Leaders must be...
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...Identifying and Addressing Employee Turnover IssuesFiled under Managing the Workplace. Fact checked on May 24, 2012. Article Tools PrintEmailLinkedInTwitterShareShare.High employee turnover can have a severe impact on your business, both financially and emotionally. If you suspect that turnover is an issue for your business, you should take steps to recognize possible causes of turnover, measure your turnover rate, determine turnover costs, and then address your turnover problems. Related ContentIs Your Employee Morale Suffering? Improving Employee Morale and Motivation Providing Employee Fringe Benefits Can Increase Job Satisfaction and Performance How to Determine How Much to Pay Your Employees Workplace Rules Protect Your Business and Maintain a Positive Employee Environment Read more about Managing the Workplace »A high employee turnover rate, the rate at which employees leave a business, can affect the bottom line of businesses of all sizes. However, the negative effect on small businesses can be particularly harsh due to limited resources and the investment in employees. Because employees who are satisfied with their jobs generally don't give them up, high turnover is usually indicative of a problem. That's not to say that every employee who leaves your company is unsatisfied — after all, some will retire, leave town, quit because of family circumstances, desire to change professions, or even start a business of their own. But if you have a lot of turnover and you're...
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...priority for every employer for various reasons, including low turnover rates as well as quality work and high levels of production. Job satisfaction is described as "a pleasant feeling resulting from the perception that one's job fulfills or allows for the fulfillment of one's important job values"( Noe 308). Job satisfaction is ultimately based on values, perceptions and ideas of what is important. Employees will be satisfied with their jobs as long as they perceive that their jobs meet their values. There are various reasons as to why employees become unhappy with their jobs, including stress, lack of recognition, limited opportunities for growth, pay and benefits, as well as many others. Management should try their best to improve these factors in hopes to achieve a low turnover rate which will in turn help in the success of the business. Beginning with the hiring process, employers should actively seek employees who have a high interest level in that specific field or position. This point is very important according to Kristen Gregory who states, "an employee who has no interest in his or her field, or the position in which he or she begins in a job, may initially put forth his or her best effort. However, this employee will often become bored with the work because there is no intrinsic motivation to succeed. Finding the daily job mundane reduces the individual’s desire to show up to work and to do the job well. In this case, the employee may continue to come to work,...
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...Question 1 When an organization encounters extreme turnover, the organization will suffered in terms of brain drain that is considered as the loss of skills, power, and human resource. However organizations that have little turnover will achieve their objectives. There are two types of turnover, that this essay will focus on as well as the causes and ways that can be used to counter both turnovers. Firstly, turnover refers to leaving the organization because of employees not being happy with their employer’s decision or attitude, which creates job dissatisfaction occurring from negative treatment. Involuntary turnover occurs when the organization causes depression or dissatisfaction by terminating employees, in simple terms “turnover initiated by an employer (organization)” (Noe, et al., 2011). Voluntary turnover refer to employees reaction against bad situation offered by the organization or in other words, “turnover initiated by individual employee” (Noe, et al., 2011). These two turnovers lead the organization into “brain drain” in terms of human resources and negative publicity. Secondly, involuntary turnover is used by the organization for reasonable reasons to encounter the change and also to avoid harassment and other activities that can put the organization into serious issues in the future. Noe (et at, 2011) stated two causes of this kind of turnover which is “drug use” and “downturn”. Employee who use drug but not only drug, harassment activities within the organization...
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...Case Analysis Dustin Dabney The Treadway Tire Company Job Dissatisfaction and High Turnover at Lima Tire Plant Objective Ashley Wall, Director Human Resources for one of the plants of The Treadway Tire Company situated in Lima has to submit an effective plan to resolve the issues that are faced in the plant and are impacting the productivity and efficiency of the plant. The major issues to focus here are: ➢ Increase in Employee Turnover resulting into High Cost of Production ➢ No Induction pathway/ plan Case Analysis Briefing The tire plant at Lima is passing through a tough situation as margins and profits have abruptly decreased due to skyrocketing raw material cost and intense global competition. Although there is nothing much that can be done of increasing raw material costs, however the overall costs can be definitely reduced by reducing the employee turnover. As per the facts there are major morale issues in the line-foreman and hourly workers segment and this disease spreading in the entire plant. Now, there are several reasons at fundamental level that have resulted into this high employee turnover: ➢ Employee un-satisfaction The tried and tested approach of management by the line foreman focussed on getting the work done by the workers by hook or by crook. This resulted in decreasing morale of the workers because of unfavourable working environment. The line foreman was not having any authority over the workers, as...
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...Nurse Burnout and Its Impact on Patient Safety Georgetown University Foundations of Health Systems and Policy NURO-624 September 12, 2013 Nurse Burnout and Its Impact on Patient Safety Patient safety encompasses the application of best practices that are geared towards achieving positive outcomes and promoting safety, and can serve as an indicator of quality in healthcare institutions; sustainable nursing workloads improve the quality of health care by reducing unsafe conditions, as well as reducing mortality and morbidity. Several literature reviews have clearly identified the consequences for patients when nurses are overtaxed or over utilized to bridge the gap of nursing shortages. According to Mckee et al, each patient added to nurses’ workloads (beyond four patients) is associated with a seven percent increase in mortality following common surgical procedures (McKee, M. 1999). Recent health reform legislation has further stimulated increased awareness and focuses on patient centered care, and emphasizes on the importance of the patients’ experience. Moreover, patients’ expectations of their caregivers to be positively engaged in their work and performing efficiently and effectively in a supportive environment are prudent. However, several challenges are being encountered by nurses, as they strive to meet the mandates of the aforementioned health care reform. Challenges resulting from unfavorable working conditions that are not conducive to the provision of patient...
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... caring for and looking after patients than any other profession. They routinely monitor and report changing patient conditions around the clock that aid physicians in modifying and updating treatment plans to improve health and prevent complications. The level of safety of hospitalized patients and the degree of quality care that they receive has more to do than fixed nurse-to-patient ratios. It has been well established in the literature that when nursing workload increase to unmanageable levels; weather it be from the addition of patients, increases in acuity and/or care complexity, or from high levels of fluctuation in patient turnover, that nurses ability to perform patient surveillance is disordered, putting patients in undue risk (Needleman, et. al, 2011). Furthermore, excessive workloads contribute to burnout and dissatisfaction leading to nurse attrition that further compounds to the staffing problem. Hospitals need to be held accountable for providing safer nurse staffing levels. Payers and purchasers of care should demand compliance, but should also stimulate better quality and patient safety by providing financial incentives. In addition, a more comprehensive, proactive team approach to nurse staffing can help keep patients safer and help hospitals better manage staffing expenditures. Nurse Staffing and Adverse Events Increasingly, studies continue to show links in patient deaths and adverse events to inadequate nurse staffing levels in acute care...
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...relationships among jobs and groups of jobs. The primary purpose of organization structure is to influence the behaviour of individuals and groups to achieve effective performance.” Gibson, Ivancevich, Donnelly and Konopaske (2009:418). Organisational structure and job design are key determinants of employee job performance and satisfaction. The degree to which the employee fits into the designed job and structure will determine the quality of performance and job satisfaction of that employee. The small life insurance company has a functional organisation structure that is associated with high human cost, boring, insignificant and monotonous jobs. This type of structure has resulted in job dissatisfaction, high turnover and absenteeism. The researchers start the analysis of the case by studying the critical relationship between job performance, job design and organisational design, and contrast the views of Gibson et al. (2009), Colquitt et al. (2008), van Dyk (2005) and Autry (1996) amongst other authors. The analysis reveals that congruency between job design and organisational design ensures desirable job performance by matching the right employees with the right jobs. Quality of work life and job enrichment play a major role in employees’ job satisfaction and this makes them perform at their optimum best. The researchers go on to identify problems that the insurance company and employees face and observe the following: high turnover, absenteeism, repetitive job functions, high...
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...Repairing Jobs That Fail to Satisfy In partial fulfillment of the requirements in MGT 104 – Organizational Behavior Submitted to: Professor Leahlizbeth Sia Submitted by: Lourdes May Maglinte BS Management II I. Statement of the Problem DrainFlow, a large residential and commercial plumbing maintenance firm operating throughout the United States has been an major player in their field of expertise for decades and has earned the hearts of their customers with their low costs services and their catchy motto, “When Your Drain Won’t Go, Call DrainFlow”. Lee Reynaldo, who used to work for Lightning Plumber and is now DrainFlow’s regional manager, has been in the company for two years. She noticed how the company’s work environment isn’t just as vital and energetic as it was in Lightning Plumber. Employees aren’t motivated to provide great customer service. They see their work mostly in technical or mechanical terms. Most of them lack the skills or personality traits to complete the customer interaction component of their jobs. This, then, results into high customer dissatisfaction. The company is in trouble, and as revenues shrink and the cost savings that were supposed to be achieved by dividing up work fail to materialize, a change is taking place. Provided below is a breakdown of the problems faced by the company and its workers which have affected customer satisfaction: Plumber Plumbers often are mistakenly sent by the company to do simple jobs due to...
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...Problem Identification The overall issue in this case is employee dissatisfaction in the workplace due to the frustrating and stressful environment in which they are immersed in daily. This tension ends up having harsh personal effects on employees. These effects show as problematic symptoms to the company and range from emotional distress, indicated by one employee taking her anger out on her roommate at home, to physical ailments exemplified by increased illnesses and stress disability claims amongst these employees. The “Impact on stress on the Canadian economy is huge, costing an estimated $33 billion a year in lost productivity “(Langton et al, 2009, p. 121). This presents a significant problem, broader in scope, to the company in which employee turnaround turnover may be high, thereby minimizing the effectiveness of their employee support system . This paper will provide an analysis of the above mentioned problem and offer recommendations to help minimize the effect of employee dissatisfaction due to a stressful role . Problem Analysis According to the Affective Events Theory (AET) (Langton et al, 2009 , p. 63-4), job satisfaction and performance are directly influenced by positive or negative emotional reactions. Those emotional reactions are in turn formed by a combination of work events such as daily hassles and uplifts, which is affected by the work environment, and personal dispositions such as personalities and moods . The work environment at the call...
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...Background Hiring employees is only the first step to creating a strong work force. Next, you have to keep them. Employee turnover costs businesses owners both in time and productivity, and the impact is especially large at a small firm because of the relative connection to its size. But how can a small firm offer the right motivational factors to ensure that the staff remains within the organization? How can they compete with motivational employee benefits of larger corporations? This paper looks at one case company, a small accountancy firm located in Sweden that offers a wide range of financial services, mainly within four main categories: economic consultations, tax-returns, bookkeeping and auditing. The firm currently has 13 employees of different educational background, divided into two sections; bookkeeping and auditing. The firm has one manager who is also the sole owner of the company. This person is an authorized accountant who will remain anonymous in this paper but referred to as “Laura” in the remaining of this paper. The firm is currently expanding but is experiencing difficulties in motivating well-educated employees to stay long term. During the past year, two employees have quit their jobs and one of the replacers is currently on sick leave due to burnout. The concern is that if the firm does not improve its employee retention, they will spend an excessive amount of time trying to recruit and train new people, so retention of the current employees is important...
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