...durable assets and currencies Sharikah al Mufawadah Investment Auctioning Output sharing DP with Management DP without Management Profit sharing Musharakah-based DP Mudharabah-based DP Sharikah al Amwal Sharikah al Abdan Sharikah al Wujuh Profit Sharing Revenue sharing Durable Assets Participation Musaqa Muzara‘a Output (Revenue) Sharing Involuntary: e.g., due to inheritance Voluntary: e.g., jointly purchasing a building for renting Sharikah al milk (Partnership based on joint Ownership) Temporary or Ongoing Musharakah Temporary or Ongoing Mudharabah Sharing Principle Fees deferred Ijara: Rents deferred Financial Murabahah Installment sale Object deferred Sale (ODS) Pre-paid istisna‘ Fees paid in advance Rents paid in advance Pure Salam SHARIKAT: PARTNERSHIPS Qard/Service Charge Heeba (Donations) 'Ariyah (qard of assets) Qard: Interest Free Loans TABARU‘AT: GRANTS Hemish Jedheya-Sale:...
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...Codification of Accounting Standards, a company should not recognize revenue until 1.“it has performed under the terms of the arrangement” and 2. “unless it will indeed receive and retain payment in a form that has value to the company,” (accountingresearchmanager.com) This means that the company has to perform the duty that they have agreed to in their contract and will receive a form of payment in return. The performance of the arrangement can be the delivery of goods, providing services, or providing information. Once a company performs the terms of the arrangement, the revenue is deemed as earned; however, at least part of the job must be fulfilled. In addition, the company should not recognize revenue even if their clients paid in advance to fulfillment of the agreement. Revenue is realized or realizable when “the seller receives cash or assets from the customer that is convertible into cash,” (accountingresearchmanager.com) This must occur before revenue is recognized. In the case, “Lighthouse”, the issue of how revenue should recognized for the sales of both Ship Finder devices and service arises. In this particular case, the company Lighthouse created a hardware unit which it installs in ships and provides the services for this unit. This device and service are utilized together in providing information to shipping companies on the ship location, speed, and current local weather. Lighthouse requires its customers to sign two separate contracts, one for the device...
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...Wal-Mart leadership became successful due to the company’s effective leadership style, their organizational structure and its culture. Wal-Mart’s organization culture is recognized to be more of bonded organization between the employer and the employee. Sam Walton, the company’s owner, shared his vision for the company with his associates and made them partners in the success of his company, after Sam died, his legacy remained the same with new management and continued to grow successfully and still remain number one in retail today, because management recognized his vision and carried it out as Sam would have done. New management did not dismantle Sam’s vision but kept the success going unlike Times Picayune, this organization lacked a successful organizational structure and endured more of procedural issues. After Times Picayune owner, Ashton Phelps Jr. retired, his vision was not carried out as he intended. After 175 years, new owner Ricky Matthews, dismantled Phelps vision and emphasized his own vision that became more procedural and steep, which caused the culture of the business to miscommunicate. Workers in this environment are more focus on pleasing the boss, instead of their work performance due to the company’s rules and policies being procedural and controlled without any flexibility. This type of culture causes employee turnovers and a bad reputation for the business. Matthews not only changed the culture of Time Picayune, but he lay off all active employees without...
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...Criticisms While Kim and Mauborgne propose approaches to finding uncontested market space, at the present there are few success stories of companies that applied their theories in advance. One success story that does exist is Nintendo, who first applied the Blue Ocean Strategy to create the Nintendo DS handheld game system which was the first portable gaming system to offer dual screen gaming and a touch screen in 2004. In 2006, Nintendo released the Wii, which redefined how video games are played by. The 3DS is Nintendo's third endeavour for its blue ocean strategy. Its first two attempts, the Nintendo DS and Wii, were wildly successful, becoming some of the biggest selling platforms in history. Nintendo revealed their Blue Ocean Strategy during an E3 press conference during the hype build-up of the Wii. However with just one case study, this hole in their data persists despite the publication of Value Innovation concepts since 1997. Hence, a critical question is whether this book and its related ideas are descriptive rather than prescriptive.[10] The authors present many examples of successful innovations, and then explain from their Blue Ocean perspective – essentially interpreting success through their lenses.[11] The research process followed by the authors has been criticized[11] on several grounds. Criticisms include claims that no control group was used, that there is no way to know how many companies using a Blue Ocean Strategy failed and the theory is thus unfalsifiable...
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...By Ahsan Manazir [pic] My aim is to investigate the role of the creativity in the business Game station, which is one of the UK’s leading computer and video games retailer. The definition of an aim is a target or to intend to move towards a certain goal. An objective is a goal that an individual or a team works toward to attain the end target. My objective for this particular research activity is to investigate different ways and ideas the business company Game station uses to improve creativity to attract customers. Primary research includes collecting data that does not already exist and therefore this could be data collected first hand. Examples could be conducting interviews or handing out questionnaires or observations. I will use secondary research which is data that already exists; this could be through published or recorded data that has already been collected for some other purpose rather than the current study. Therefore my research methods will consist of research from the internet and various websites. Game station provides customer service through numerous branches around the UK. Their products range from video games to electronic gadgets such as X-Box or Nintendo Wii, which are displayed throughout the shop for customers to observe and enquire about. The consumers for such products in Game station include children, teenagers as well as adults as most gadgets are designed for all ages while games on the other hand can specifically target a certain age group....
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...Hey there everyone! I am sure you all are wondering what in the hell is going on with this blog...? Well... That's rude for me to answer things without introducing myself first, right? Well let's do that first and then we will see where things go. My name is Cayte, and I live in a forest like village/town/etc that is called Astoria. I live in a quad' of houses and mine is the one with the pink roof on the top, right-hand side. My house is fully expanded and it has two floors with a basement. Currently my house is kinda empty and my town overrun with weeds. The weed thing kinda happens when you go on vacation and your the only one who tends to such things. And now, for those of you who are completely LOST. Read the following... If you've ever heard of a game called Animal Crossing (We sometimes refer to it just as AC), then you already are on the level with me. If you have no idea. Then let me set the scene for you so you'll have an idea. I live inside of a video game called Animal Crossing which is played on a console called the Nintendo Game Cube (It can be played on the Wii too, but lets not get technical). If you need more information, there is a whole wide world out there, not to mention the internet. How else would I be writing all of this? Okay! Now that I have that out of the way, let's continue with what I was gonna tell you guys before I had to go explaining this stuff about my life and how it works. I an finally move on with why I am even attempting to...
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...10 Internet Scam 1. Phishing scams Phishing email try to trick the intended victim into visiting a fraudulent website disguised to look like a valid eCommerce or banking site. The victim thinks they are logging into their real account, but instead everything they enter on the fake site is being sent to the scammers. Armed with this information, the scammer can wipe out the victim's accounts, run up their credit cards, or even steal their identity. 2.Nigerian 419 Scams Nigerian 419 scams (aka Advanced Fee Fraud) date back to the days when fax machines and snail mail were the primary business communication tools. Today, email is the preferred method of these scammers and there are more Nigerian 419 Advanced Fee Fraud scams - and victims - than ever before. 3. Lottery Winning Scams Lottery winner scams attempt to trick recipients into believing they have won large sums of cash, and then bilks them out of their own dough in a similar fashion to the Nigerian 419 scam. 4.Scareware Scams Scareware erroneously claims the system is infected and instructs the user to purchase a 'full version' in order to clean the bogus infections. Sometimes, fake antivirus software gets installed by the user who became a victim to an advertising scam. Other times, a rogue antispyware scanner may be installed by exploit, a so called 'drive-by install'. Regardless of how the rogue software gets installed, the user is often left with a hijacked, crippled system. To avoid becoming a victim, before installing...
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...'Pokemon' still catching 'em all on Nintendo 3DS (CNN) -- Two new Pokémon games, "Pokémon X" and "Pokémon Y," have taken the gaming world by storm, selling more than 4 million units globally in their first two days of availability, and tracking to become the fastest-selling games of all time for the handheld Nintendo 3DS. Not bad for a franchise that got its start in 1996 on the Nintendo Game Boy handheld console. But the president of the Pokémon Company said the new games stay true to their roots of bringing people together to play while offering a new blueprint for the universe of pocket monsters. "From the beginning, communication between players has been the primary goal for the Pokémon brand," Tsunekazu Ishihara told CNN. "Today, the ability to connect millions of people around the world via Wi-Fi is why launching 'Pokémon X' and 'Pokémon Y' simultaneously worldwide was an ambitious yet important goal." Since debuting in video and card games, Pokemon has become a cultural phenomenon across the globe. There have been cartoons, cereals and a feature-length film, not to mention the national and global tournaments that draw thousands of players. "Gotta catch 'em all" is the franchise's catch phrase, referring to the player's goal of catching and training the tiny monsters to compete against other players. That's gotten significantly harder, though, with the expansion to more than 700 different known creatures in the universe. Unlike previous titles that were named after...
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...Advance Directives are our wishes when we are at end of life stages of life that give specific direction of how, who, and when to treat us in our final days and hours. We can have documents drawn up to say what we want in the event we are in a state where we cannot voice our wishes aloud. These documents have legal and ethical basis, and they should be followed unless the legally or ethically unable to do so. Advance Directives gives a documented guide to the care giver’s or family member’s, so that they all can provide the kind of care that the medically impaired patient wants. This covers a wide variety of medical treatments such as dialisis, ventilators, feeding tubes and organ and or tissue transplants. If a patient has kidney failure they might or might not want to be on dialysis. The advance directive would spell out whether the patient would want such treatment if he or she was not able to convey this to the medical personnel. If the patient was at the end of life and did not want to be kept alive via artificial means such as a ventilator of feeding tube, the advance directive would have the patients wants of this type of treatment also. If the patient passed away and wanted his or her organs donated, then this directed would defanitely give the right to have their organs harvested and donated to someone in need. Even though there might be an advanced directed for a patient that is not able to express their wishes to their family or care givers, there can still...
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...non-voluntary or involuntary. Assisted suicide is committed by someone with assistance from another person usually in regard to someone suffering from a severe physical illness. It is referred to as a “physician assisted suicide” when a physician provides a competent, terminally ill patient with prescription for a lethal dose of medication upon the patient’s request. Physician assisted suicide is often confused with euthanasia. Do Not Resuscitate or “DNR” and Living Wills are legal orders that represent the wishes of a patient. A DNR states that the patient does not wish to undergo extra measures if their heart were to stop or if they were to stop breathing. A living will is also referred to as an advance health care directive, personal directive, advance directive, or advance decision. It is a set of written instructions that a person gives that specify what actions should be taken for their health, if they are no longer able to make decisions due to illness or incapacity. A DNR, Living Wills and various medical proxy documentations are legal when it comes to medical treatment decisions and the end of life. Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide are prohibited in most countries worldwide. Belgium, Luxembourg, and The Netherlands appear to be the only countries where both euthanasia and physician assisted suicide have been made legal, but only beginning in 2001-2008. There are only four states in the U.S. (Oregon, Vermont, Montana and Washington) where physician assisted...
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...have an advanced directive for healthcare prepared to help their family make an ultimate decision regarding their life and health. “Advanced directives limit the type and amount of medical care and treatment that patients will receive if they should become incompetent and have a poor prognosis.” (Fremgen 313) With having an advanced directive it helps communicates a person’s wishes about making decisions if they become incapable of making their own health care decisions; which also makes it easier for family members to have everything planned out. Many make a decision and only tell their family what they want without having it in writing, but its best to have everything in writing for a smoother process. There are two important types of advance directives; a power of attorney or a living will. A durable power of attorney for healthcare “is a legal document that empowers another person (proxy) to make healthcare decisions for an incompetent patient. It goes into effect after the person becomes incompetent and only pertains to healthcare decisions”. (Fremgen 102) The power of attorney becomes effective when someone becomes incapable of making their own health care decisions. Medical power of attorneys covers a great amount of healthcare decisions based on the patient wishes. The power of attorney is capable of reviewing the patients’ medical records, discussing and questions to the doctor and medical staff about the care and treatment plans. It is up to the power of attorney...
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...requires nursing homes, hospitals, home health agencies and HMO’s to provide information on advance directives at the time of admission. Under this law, health care institutions are required to provide a written summary of a person’s decision-making rights, which vary from state to state and provide in writing, the facility’s policies with respect to recognizing these advance directives (AmericanBar.org). The PSDA also requires health care institutions to ask the patient if he/she already has an advance directive and document it in the patient’s medical record. Health care institutions are also required to educate their staff about advance directives and not be discriminative against whether the patient does or does not have an advance directive. Advance directive is a legal document in which patients provide instructions on how they are to be treated in the event of becoming very ill with little to no hope for recovery (Green, M., & Bowie, M., 2005). A patient’s health care directive serves some of the purposes as a living will, but also encompasses others, as well. Since it is impossible to foresee every circumstance regarding a person’s health, a health care medical power of attorney is also needed to place someone in authority to weigh all medical facts and circumstances and carry out the patient’s wishes accordingly (AmericanBar.org). A health care advance directive combines the living will and medical power of attorney into one document, and may...
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...that identifies and designates your personal representative to make the medical decisions for you * You also need to talk to your doctor to make sure they are aware that you have a living will and discuss the details of the documents with them. * Why do we need an advance directive? Physicians used to subjectively decide for the patient, and the patient did not have autonomy, such as CPR for cardiac arrest. Now this decision making has shifted to the patient. * The Patient Self-Determination Act is a federal law that applies to all healthcare institution receiving Medicaid funds. This law requires those institutions to provide information about advance directives to adult patients upon their admission to the healthcare facility. Most family members, having not been in an ICU before, are not prepared to make decisions. Physicians have a sense of whether the patient in the ICU is going to live or die. Typically the family will prolong life until the physician tells them that they don’t think the patient will survive. (Navasky & O’Conner, 2010). * A living will can make your preferences known regarding end of life care. These situations can come up at any age. All adults should have an advance directive, which should be clearly written and witnessed. (Sabatino, 2007). * A durable power of attorney is not the same as authorizing someone to take care of finances. It is a legal document that allows another individual, your health care proxy, to make medical...
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...The Purpose of a Living Will What is a Living Will? A Living Will can also be described as an Advance Directive in medical terminology. You will often hear Advance Directive in the health care setting. A Living Will is an “end-of-life” document that states your preferences for your care. This document has the ability to speak and make clear of things when you are not able to speak of it yourself. According to Rebecca Berlin, it’s a legal document that states “his or her wishes regarding life prolonging medical treatments” (Berlin, 2014, para. 1). Often times, individuals that have Living Wills went through a process of finding an attorney to prepare their documents. A Living Will is an area of estate planning. What are included in the estate planning package is the Living Will and a health care “Power of Attorney (POA)” (para. 2). A POA is also known as an individual who is the trusted advocate to be their voice when they are not able to speak for themselves. This is good to have in situations of not those who are terminally ill. Berlin states that “a Living Will describes certain life prolonging treatments. In brief words, it is what an individual wants and does not want to be applied in their terminal illnesses or permanent vegetative states (para. 3). Of course, these decisions stated in the Living Will are not in effect until an individual is unable to say for your treatment. Recommendations for ones dying and their loved ones It is not meant to be another person’s...
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...This course started with the end in mind and the future of health care. Life should begin by thinking of what you want your end to be. Children are taught about how life begins. With those teachings perhaps at a certain age young people should also have the talk about end of life decisions so that it is a process step wise as the go through life and start their own families. Explaining that “advance directives are simple tools that are morally neutral “but allow your voice to be heard at end of life is an empirical step to acceptance to this change in health care (Bustos, 2013, p. 244). This change would protect the family from dealing with legal issues amongst those in the family with objections to how plans are being carried out. The...
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