...¬Disadvantages and Advantages of Plastic Bag’s Regulations Plastic bags, scientifically known as polyethene was first accidentally produced by a German scientist, Han von Pechhman as a waxy residue at the bottom of his test tube. Polyethene is made from crude oil and nowadays, it is made through a process called cracking. In Papua New Guinea (PNG), plastic bags are commonly used for food packaging and grocery carrier. Statistically, sixty millions of polyethene are produced worldwide every year; one million of plastic bags are used worldwide every minute; it takes 700 to 1000 years for a plastic bag to fully decompose and about 1 percent of the produced outcome is being recycled. This essay will discuss the disadvantages and advantages of the Governor’s plan to regulate the use of plastic bags in the National Capital District (NCD). What will be discussed are as follows: PNG is a developing nation; manufacturers and people living in NCD will be affected; plastic bags are durable and useful in the rain; there will be less threat to marine-life and sea birds; there will be less environmental damages to the composition of soil and the atmosphere; and it will reduce the level of increased pollution in NCD and PNG as one. First of all, the Governor’s plan to regulate the use of plastic bags in NCD is a disadvantage due to the fact that PNG is ranked in the third world country and that is to say that PNG is a developing nation. Comparing PNG to other countries like the United States...
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...things are going on around the world and the effect it has on the environment. In this document you will obtain a brief explanation of nuclear waste, plastic, coal and oil. What are the alternatives of other energy resources, advantages and disadvantages that would contribute to stabilize the environment currently around the the surrounding areas. Effects: Plastic is one of the most used resources that society has; the most common are plastic bags and beverage bottles. Plastic though durable is very slow to degrade. Plastic is sourced from two major categories, thermoset and thermoplastics; thermoset means that the plastic solidifies when it’s heated. Thermoset plastics are most commonly used in cars and construction; soften when heated however they resume their original composition when at room temperature. Some common thermoplastic products include milk jugs, credit cards and carpet fibers. Plastic makes up 13% of solid waste in our water system ; shockingly 8% of plastic is recycled. Plastic in our soil can block the flow of water through the soil as well as hinder the growth production. Plastic covers about 40% of our world’s ocean surfaces. The greatest affect of all is the effect on our animals in the ocean; they are subject to death from being trapped in plastic or more harmfully ingesting plastic. Plastic can also release toxins known as BPA into our water once it is broken apart. Nuclear waste has a great deal of importantance over other types of waste...
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...of carrying out an exchange of goods and services (Hubbard et al, 2009). As transaction costs of negotiating, binding and monitoring the agreement are very expensive when many individuals are involved, the transaction costs can exceed the gains from the transaction itself. When these two assumptions are held, an optimal solution will be reached when the monetary damage of one more unit of pollution to the third party is equal to the amount the polluter is willing to pay for it. Figure 2 Figure 2 This diagram represents the marginal benefits and costs of reducing pollution, in which equilibrium (P0, Q0) is the point of maximum net benefit to society, where marginal cost is equal to the marginal benefits of reducing pollution of plastic bags. The net benefit...
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...When it comes to the advantages and disadvantages of plastic surgery, you really have to look in more depth on the specific procedure you plan on having done. Although each possible procedure has its own list of pros and cons associated with it, they can all be generalized for simplicity. The biggest disadvantages associated with plastic surgery are the risks as well as the price tag, however when compared to the benefits, these will usually outweigh the disadvantages of plastic surgery. For starters, whether you are having a reconstructive procedure or a cosmetic procedure, the goal is to make yourself look better. While some people who decide to undergo the knife may already look great, there are many others who have been teased and taunted their entire life about their features. Not only do years of teasing and taunting take their toll on a person's emotional well being, but a person who does not like something about themselves will also cause an emotional scar. Since who we are has a lot to do with our emotions, then it is safe to say that even the smallest procedure that effects our self esteem in a positive manor can outwardly make you seen as a whole new person. Isn't it what it is all about, changing ourselves so not only we look better, but feel better as well? The obvious risks associated with plastic surgery are the possibilities of not only having a complication, but also receiving bad work. No wants to pay a substantial amount of money to end up looking worse...
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...explore synthetic modecules and their impact on technology and our daily life. The essay will explain the definantion of the Synthetic molecules and describe the issues it can solve. It will also, explain how different bonding types are applied. The essay will also discuss and analyze one of the synthetic molecules. I chose to discuss the Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and its applications to solve a specific problem, looking into advantage and dis-advantage and how the science can address the disadvantage of it. I used examples for better clarification for the reader and added conculsion to the essay. Synthetic organic chemicals are man-made created through industrial synthesis. Substances that contain carbon atoms. This definition relies heavily on the element carbon. Synthetic molecules have different types Nylon, Polyvinyl Chloride, Low-Density Polyethylene, high-density Polypropylene (HDPE). LDPE is a flexible material used in applications like shopping bags has high ductility but low tensile strength. HDPE is a strong plastic, normally used in plastic cartons for milk or garbage bins. I will choose Low-Density Polyethylene to talk about. The LDPE has a high degree of short and long...
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...De La Salle University Ramon V. del Rosario College of Business Management and Organization Department Case Analysis No. 5 Oxford Plastics Company Management Principles and Dynamics Mr. Raymund Habaradas 3st Term, S.Y. 2011-2012 Group 2 Balinas, Diberjohn Carigara, Llany Lopez, Annie Santiago, Kristoffer Villapando, Leizl 12 March 2012 Case Analysis No. 5: Oxford Plastic Company. -The Power of Two. 1 Table of Contents Page No. I. II. III. Synthesis Point of view Statement of the problem 3 3 3 3 3 6 7 9 11 11 IV. Statement of objectives V. Areas for Considerations VI. Alternative courses of action VII. Recommendation VIII. Implementation plan IX. Learning points X. Reference Case Analysis No. 5: Oxford Plastic Company. -The Power of Two. 2 I. Synthesis Oxford Plastics is a manufacturer of high quality plastics and resins. The plant employs 3000 workers in a 75-acre facility in Beatty town. It has plans of expanding the facility to accommodate a color laboratory and paint shop that will enable better and faster operations to meet customer requirements and increase competitiveness. The Governor is in full support of the additional facility for economic development. He encouraged the plant manager to coordinate with officials to address and avoid problems in relation the expansion. Oxford Plastics is faced with a challenge of positioning the additional 25-acre facility considering industrial zoning boundaries and the need to comply with...
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...[Energy Efficient Material as 3D Printing Supplies] Contents 1. Introduction 1.1 Background…………………………………………………………… 1.2 Definition of Terms…………………………………………………… 1.3 Objective……………………………………………………………… 1.4 Overview……………………………………………………………… 2. Needs for Energy Efficient Materials 2.1 Contemporarily Used Materials……………………………………… 2.2 Reason for Energy Efficient Materials……………………………… 3. Properties and Development of Energy Efficient Materials 3.1 Properties…………………………………………………………… 3.2 Development………………………………………………………… 4. Advantages and Disadvantages of 3D Printing Energy Efficient Supplies Compared to Conventional Materials 4.1 Advantages…………………………………………………………… 4.2 Disadvantages………………………………………………………… 5. Opportunities for the Development of Energy Efficient Materials in 3D Printing 6. Recommended Solutions to Deal with Challenges for Energy Efficient Materials in 3D Printing 7. Conclusion 8. References 3 Energy Efficient Material as 3D Printing Supplies 1. Introduction 1.1 Background The 3D printing technology has become popular nowadays (Sharma, 2013). This technology has made it possible for mankind to produce almost everything they can imagine. Furthermore, since the energy efficient material is a new concept that has been developed in recent years, a discussion on the potential application of those materials in this additive manufacturing method appears to be necessary. 1.2 Definition of Terms As the first issue of this essay, some key terms should be...
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...producing the plastic rings. It is important for PWI to evolve with the industry, and refusing to transition to the new product could have a devastating impact on their future sales. Although PWI has a strong presence in the market, it’s stated in the case study that the plastic rings have at least four times the wearing properties of the steel rings. Therefore, while the steel ring currently lasts for an estimated two months, the plastic ring will last for an estimated eight months. Buying a plastic ring would guarantee a customer a better quality product and essentially a better bang for their buck. Also, the total costs to produce the plastic ring would be significantly less allowing the company to take advantage of a huge profit margin. Instead of trying to justify the stock on hand and how much he paid for the stock, he should avoid the sunk cost fallacy. There is not enough information in the study to compare production costs, but with the information available it seems that the plastic rings would be more profitable for the company. As for the stock that is already on hand, there is opportunity to sell them to locations where the plastic ones are not yet available, or sell them for a discounted price after projected sales are met. With a two month life expectancy on the steel ring, combined with the discounted price, PWI may be able to entice customers, even competitors to purchase a large portion of the existing inventory while awaiting the arrival of the plastic ring. If...
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...PlastiForm Manufacturing – Case study Current Situation PlastiForm Manufacturing Inc. (PFM) is a leading producer in the plastic forming machinery industry. They are located in Long Beach, California and service primarily West Coast customers. The company has experienced steady growth since starting up in 1970 and now has annual sales of $50 million. PFM has patents covering over 200 types of machines, but typically only sells 30 different types annually. These machines are purchased to increase capacity or replace old equipment. PFM’s promotion and selling activities in the West Coast market are handled by six sales representatives; costing about $880,000 per year including salary, bonuses, supervision, travel, and entertaining. When the sales reps are close to making a sale, they are supported by two sales engineers—at a cost of about $130,000 per year per engineer. Any sales contact outside the West Coast market is handled by manufacturers’ agents who are paid 4 percent on sales, however these sales are very infrequent. PFM spends up to $100 000 in advertising; much of it appearing in trade journals. Occasionally PFM will use direct mailings and trade-show exhibits to feature its products. They also have a simple website. PFM’s promotion of its products is primarily through personal selling. There are 12 US-based firms in the US plastic-forming manufacturing market. This market is segmented into three geographic regions – West Coast, East Coast and the Midwest...
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...made of, what (delete are) the types are, and where are they used at. Fiber optics is in every facet of our culture semi-colon (delete ,) it is the main media of all telephone landlines, digital internet, and even our country’s weapon systems. What makes up a fiber optic cable? A fiber optic cable is made of a hair thin piece of glass or plastic called the core. A material called the cladding traps the light inside the cable (delete ,) and allows (delete ing) light transmission down the length of cable via reflection. A thick polymer coating comma known as a buffer comma protects the glass. For strength, Kevlar (is this a name brand or term that needs to be defined?—either way—it needs detail) strands surround the cable. The jacket, also referred to as the outer shell, protects the entire cable from the elements. These components are what make up the composition of a basic fiber optic cable. Fiber optic cables are broken down into three types. The first type called single mode fiber, allows for only a single path for light to travel down. The advantage (delete s) of a single mode fiber is distance (delete ,) and disadvantages are usually at a high cost. The second type comma called multimode fiber comma allows the light to travel through multiple paths. Multimode fibers cost less than single mode, but are for medium to short distances such as inside a building. The third type...
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...comparative advantage: a case study of footwear industry of Pakistan by Naseem Akhtar, Nadia Zakir, Ejaz Ghani Comments • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • Next The study looks at the issues facing the footwear industry regarding its competitiveness in the global perspective and its potential for growth. The methodology of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) is used to analyse the comparative advantage at 2-digit and 4-digit levels of industrial classification. The paper highlights the problems faced by the footwear industry and identifies the role of entrepreneurship for the progress of the industry. The analysis shows that in recent years, specifically the period from 2003-06, the footwear industry has moved from disadvantage (as compared with China and India) position to comparative advantage. The study indicates that there is potential for higher growth of the industry and it can become a source of export earnings. The study suggests that in the rapidly changing global economic environment and in the face of increasing cost of doing business in Pakistan, there is a need to strengthen the competitiveness of the footwear industry in Pakistan. JEL classification: L67 Keywords: Revealed Comparative Advantage, Footwear, Pakistan. 1. INTRODUCTION The global export patterns are changing fast as a result of reduction in trade barriers and technological advancements that have led to gains in productivity and change in comparative advantage patterns...
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... * Metal whistle contains small traces of lead. * Primary market: Elementary schools. * Large shipment to be shipped to South America by week’s end. * Cost to reproduce and repackage toy collection, $100,000. The Business of Ethics Metal Whistles in Elementary School Toy Collection Recently, it has been discovered that the toy collection that is planned to be sent at week’s end to elementary schools in South America, did not pass U.S. satisfactory limits for children ages 7 and younger due to the metal whistle included in the toy collection containing small traces of lead. Listed below are three possible alternatives that have been identified to address the whistle problem. 1. Replace the metal whistle with a plastic whistle. 2. Find an alternative toy, i.e. flash cards, rubber ball, stickers to replace the metal whistle. 3. Remove the metal whistle from the toy collection. The Utilitarian Method was used for selecting the alternatives, as this method evaluates an act in the nomenclatures of consequences or outcomes. It endeavors to accomplish the maximum good for the maximum amount while producing the smallest amount of damage or averting the maximum amount of anguish. It embraces that every person’s concern should be measured equally when making the decision. For any group of alternatives it would assess the most ethical alternative as the alternative which generates the greatest equilibrium of gains over damage for the most stakeholders....
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...Healthcare in the United States has become quite expensive due to the use of various new products. Hospitals can spend millions of dollars each year on one-time use items that end up getting disposed of, which end up costing patients and their insurance companies more money for care. With the use of plasma sterilization, hospitals can save a lot of money having most medical devices reconditioned to an almost new state. Plasma is defined as ionized gas that is equally positive and negatively charged and often regarded as the fourth state of matter, which can be categorized as high or low temperature based. With plasma sterilization, the difficulty sterilizing metal or plastic instruments used in surgery or hospital care is significantly...
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...STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT (Case Study-The Wallace Group, Inc.) ronald s. leabres JANICE FAYE S. ANG Professor Masters in Business Administration College of Business Administration and Accountancy Central Luzon State University Science City of Muñoz February 23, 2011 CASE ABSTRACT The Wallace Group is devised of three operational groups which include Electronics, Plastics and Chemicals. Harold Wallace was the original owner of the electronics company, but now has 45% of the group after acquiring the plastics company and then the chemical company. He also serves as the Chairman and President of the Wallace Group, but each group is run by a Vice President. Recently, Hal Wallace hired Rampar Associates to put together an effective sales presentation. Included in the presentation would be set of priorities to focus on over the next year, a clear plan and the expense. Frank Campbell, the Vice President of Industrial Relations, sums up the Wallace Group problem in a simple statement. He said, "Morale is really poor here. Hal runs this place like a one man operation, when it's grown too big for that." Frank also mentions that it took a the entire company revolting against him to finally make the President take action. Therefore, the most important problem facing the Wallace Group, is Harold Wallace himself. However, the problems do not stop there. In his interview, Hal mentions two key factors also contributing to his bad business etiquette. First, Hal admits he...
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...teens a study completed by the American Society Of Plastic Surgeons, or ASPS, revealed that over 219,000 cosmetic surgeries were performed on teenagers, ages 13-19, in 2012 (Plastic Surgery For Teenagers Briefing Paper). These results showed an astonishing jump, increasing by over 80,000 since 2005. Introduction: The desire to look beautiful, the increase in understanding of changes in ageing and advancements in biotechnology has made plastic surgery popular worldwide regardless of the involved dangers .So in recent years, a great deal of discussion about plastic surgery has taken place, where most statistics studies has shown that plastic surgery are rarely used for a valid medical requirement while cosmetic reasons are making the most out of this surgery which became very common amongst the rich. That’s why nowadays it’s really hard to find a (rich) person with wrinkled face, flabby waist or a misshapen body thanks to the emergence of plastic surgery!! Plastic surgery, whether reconstructive or cosmetic, has come as a boon for people who are displeased with their look and appearance. However, just like almost every other thing in this world, plastic surgery also has its own list of pros and cons. While there are innumerable benefits of getting a plastic surgery, the disadvantages are also great in number as :Medical risks, prolonged healing time and pocket-unfriendliness and many other things are serious disadvantages of the surgical procedure ,and as Thich Nhat...
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