...Service (IMPS): Introduction IMPS is a service provided by Indian banks to their customers to help them carry out interbank funds transfers in real-time. Customers do not need to wait for the bank to open to transfer money and are free to transfer funds on weekends, holidays or weekdays. The terms of service may be slightly different from one bank to another. The maximum amount that the customers can transfer using IMPS is Rs. 2 lakh. Here are a few ways people can use IMPS: • Transfer funds • Receive payments • Carry out mobile banking transactions • Make merchant payments • Search Aadhaar Seeding status with the bank account IMPS Transaction Charges Banks levy fees on each IMPS transaction. The rate may vary slightly...
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...Continental AG - Making a tough call (A) Abstract The international management program IMP was found to challenge individuals, working in a community. These challenges, projects of importance which require high amount of attention were designed for participants as first business experience. This cross-national working together is guided by a mentor. The program is designed to take about seven months in addition to the regular work. This article deals with the key difficulties present in the International management program IMP 2000 project group consisting of three Continental AG workers, Meier, Winkel, and Caldwell. This case study consists of analyzing methods of the performance of the IMP team with management theories. Team leadership and development and how the theory of shared leadership explains the difficulties managed by the group. Tuckmans linear model, including the five stages of team development, forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning will play an important role in explaining the teams failures in a more structuralized approach. Furthermore advisees addressed to Dammermann and the teams management group, attempting to settle the failure of the IMP project group. Focusing on improving communication, team building, and the utilization of a moving system to increase team and individual focus. An Unclear direction emphasizes how important a clear team direction is according to the team structure. How group performance and norms fit with those...
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...Table of Contents TABLE OF FIGURES 1 Introduction 3 1.1: IMPORTANCE OF THE ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF THE CONTRACT. 4 1.1.1. Agreement 4 1.1.2. Consideration 5 1.1.3. Intention to create legal relation 6 1.2: IMPACT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONTRACT 6 1.2.1. Face to Face 6 1.2.2. Written contract 7 1.2.3. Distance Selling 7 1.3. ANALYSIS OF TERM IN CONTRACT 8 1.3.1. Condition 8 1.3.2. Warranty 8 1.3.3. Innominate term 9 1.3.4. Express 9 1.3.5. Implied 10 1.3.6. Exclusion Clauses 10 2.1. APPLICATION OF ELEMENTS OF CONTRACT IN 1ST SCENARIO 10 2.1.1. Agreement. 10 2.1.2. Consideration 11 2.1.3. Intention to create legal relations 11 2.2. APPLICATION OF ELEMENTS OF CONTRACT IN 1ST SCENARIO 11 2.2.1. The law on terms in the case study 1. 11 2.2.2. The law on terms in the case study 2. 13 2.3. EVALUATION OF EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TERMS 14 2.3.1. Condition 14 2.3.2 Warranty 14 2.3.3. Innominate Term 15 REFERENCE 16 TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 1: Composition of an agreement (Komma Naveen Kumar,2011) 5 Figure 2: Types of contract (Business Law,2013) 7 Figure 3: Innominate term 10 Introduction Vietnam JSC Software is a company that specializes in designing software applications for business organizations. The company has derived from applied outsourcing group and e-commerce for the US market in 2000 and it register business in 2003 and continue growth with high speed during recently years. JSC Software is evaluating to be a young...
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...UVA-OB-0705 MAKING THE TOUGH TEAM CALL (A) Gudrun Dammermann-Priess was stunned after this latest round of project presentations. In the nine years since the international management program (IMP) began, she never had a project so bad that she considered not allowing it to go forward. With only six weeks until the final project deliverable in mid-May 2000—a 15-minute presentation in front of 100 top executives at Continental A.G., including the chief executive officer (CEO) and at least four other members of the Vorstand—the software team project was a potential embarrassment in a very high-stakes environment. The CEO’s concluding remarks from the previous year’s IMP–1999 echoed in her ears. “I would like all my top managers to take notice. If only your presentations were as good as those we have seen this afternoon.” The IMP program had risen substantially in stature and useful strategic output over the last several years, and the risks of presenting a poor project were, for Dammermann, acutely felt. Literally from the very first module of IMP–2000 in November 1999, when teams were put together and matched to mentors and projects, the three members of this project were in complete disagreement about almost every aspect of the project and its development. They disagreed on what the mentor wanted them to accomplish and how they might begin to approach answering the key questions. Furthermore, even though there were some personal interest overlaps, the styles of two team members...
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...es salaam P.O Box. 35046 Dar es salaam, Tanzania Tel: 255 741 323661, 255 22 2410221 Fax: 255 22 2410510 Email: Lettice@fcm.udsm.ac.tz Jan-Erik Jaensson Umea University school of Business Administration and Economics, Sweden Jan-Erik.Jaensson@fek.umu.se Abstract This paper reviews the networks and the IMP literature to inform research on the network phenomenon in small and medium enterprises in Tanzania. It is noted that while a lot of work in this area has been done in Western Industrialized countries, little by way of serious research has been undertaken in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. The role of networks in enterprise development and growth in these countries remains unexplored and therefore unclear. It is argued here that research on networks needs to be contextualized if it is to gain currency. Integrating the networks and the IMP perspectives this paper identifies three crucial areas relevant for future research in Tanzania: viz, the network-performance nexus, female versus male networks and social networks. Introduction The main purpose of this paper is to provoke research on networks in Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) in Tanzania. We integrate the networks, IMP and entrepreneurship literature to justify research in this area. In the entrepreneurship literature networks have been identified as one of the solutions to problems faced by SMEs, especially at the start-up stage. A research focus on this line of enquiry at the SME level in a developing country such...
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...certificate of testing > g) insurance policy > h) any other doc. as per contract > i)counsellor invoice > j) bill of lading > k)bill of ex draft > > > Q.4. Explain different INCO terms under International maarketing > ANS mention all the 13 > > Q. 5. What are the different sources of conducting international marketing > research ? > ANS publish report, newspaper, RBI, google, WTC, ECGC, trade articles, > journals etc.... > > Q.6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of international marketing? > ANS > > Q.7. Explain importance of swot and pestle analysis. > > Q.8. Explain advantages and disadvantages of gloabalisation. > > Q.9. Define the term Documentory letter of credit with its operations. > > Q.10. Explain FOB and CFR terms. > > Q.11. Explain imp. of documentation in Int.Mrktg > ANS a) proof b) insurance c) audit etc.... > > Q.12. QUOTATION ...... > > >...
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...conceptualization of efficiency and effectiveness has its roots in system theory. Definition of the system is difficult for a quasi-organization as a supply chain that has blurred structural boundaries. Defining the system as processes of activities implies that the meaning of and the relation between efficiency and effectiveness might change as well. This is a conceptual paper with a purpose to describe and analyze efficiency and effectiveness as constructs based upon activity systems. The analysis of efficiency and effectiveness involves the meaning, the use and the relations between efficiency and effectiveness. We will use the resource dependence perspective’s definitions and recent development and usage of efficiency and effectiveness from IMP literature in the description. The analytical framework is in three steps: Dualism, duality and beyond (Ericson 2004). First, efficiency and effectiveness are described as two independent constructs,...
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...positives and negatives. The purchase would require an investment of half a million dollar but would increase the productivity, whereas the up gradation would not be capital The plant manager and the sales manager were developing a five year plan which included a significant plant expansion. The sales manager had assured Flynn of generating an additional million dollar sale if a flexo gluer of a larger size was available. Hence Flynn decided that this would justify the capital investment and went ahead with the purchase decision. There were other advantages of purchase over up gradation such as decreased set up time, less waste, less supervision and a higher quality product. Suppliers After much contemplation, various field visit, cost comparison, product feature comparison Flynn zeroed in on two suppliers Bale and Andrews. Decision making: Flynn had now had to decide between the two suppliers taking into account the various advantages and disadvantages of the machines provided by these...
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...MANAGING BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS 1. Introduction 1.1. General issues about the reviewed book………………………………………... 3 1.2. Purpose and structure of this essay……………………………………………... 3 2. Summaries of the chapters of the book 1. 2.3. Summary of the chapter 1: IMP and the Interaction Approach..................... 4 2.4. Summary of the chapter 2: The manager and the Network............................ 6 2.5. Summary of the chapter 3: The Manager and the Relationship.................... 9 2.6. Summary of the chapter 4: Relationship with Customers.............................. 12 2.7. Summary of the chapter 5: Relationships with Suppliers............................... 13 2.8. Summary of the chapter 6: Distribution Business Networks.......................... 15 2.9. Summary of the chapter 7: Technology and Business Networks................... 16 2.10. Summary of the chapter 8: Managing in Networks........................................ 19 2.11. Summary of the chapter 9: SO WHAT DOES IT ALL MEAN?.................. 20 * 3. Assessment of the value of the book………………... 23 1. Introduction 1.1. General issues about the reviewed book. This book named Managing Business Relationships was written by David Ford (University of Bath in the UK), Lars-Erik Gadde (Charlmers University of Technology in Sweden), Hakan Hakansson (Nordic School of Management in Norway)...
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...((risk-mgmt plan: identify key risks, ways to avoid them-> strategic fit [project not linked with org goals], product/serv attribute [new pro/serv, risks, competition, lawsuits], project team capability [size, complexity of project], operations [risks, less accuracy, comm, estimates])) Simulation-> use random no. see random variation on performance measure: 3 estimates op(a), most likely time(m), pes(b) Monitoring and controlling project- PROJECT STATUS: open issues [resolve it], risks [might delay proj], schedule status [chk slack time to maintain schedule]; PROJECT RESOURCES: Resource Leveling [chk ES LS and shift schedule], Allocation [take out from high slack and assign to most imp act] and Acquisition [add overloaded/ scarce resource]; CONTROLLING PROJECT: prep final report, give reco to imp processes. PLC [DOPE C] Excessive Activity Duration Estimates, Latest date mentality, Failure to deliver early, Path Mergers, Multitasking, Loss of Focus Project Analysis: documentation and detailed understanding of how work is performed and how it can be redesigned. 1. Identify opportunities: customer satisfied? Room for...
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...Value based price: Customer define the value of the product. Does not mean high price. Three levels of Product: Core product, when you start with a new product in the market. In question mark stage you offer core product. Actual product; because of comptetition you offer a design, quality level, brand name, packaging etc. It depends on your customer. Augmented product; installation, after sales service, delivery etc. Potential Product; satıcı da alıcı da farkında değil, konuşarak farkediyorlar. Consumer goods classification BtoC market: Convenience product: Customer usually buys frequently with min. Of comparison and buying effort. Low price. Widespread distibution. Convinient locations. Mass promotion by the producer. Toothpaste magazine, laundry detergent. Shopping Product: Customer is in the process of selection; quality price, style. Higher price. Selective distribution in fewer outlets. Advertising and personal selling by producer and reseller. Television, furniture, clothing.Specialty Product: unique characteristics or brand identification, buyers make special buying effort. High price. Exclusive distribution in only one or a few outlets per market area. More careful targeted promotion. Luxury goods, Rolex etc. Unsought Product: Customer does not know or know about but does not normally think of buying. Price varies. Distrbution varies. Aggressive advertising. Personal Selling. Life insurance. Product Differentiation: Product form, feature, performance, style, design...
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...control is defined by the Institute of Cost and Management Accountants (CIMA) as: "The establishment of budgets relating the responsibilities of executives to the requirements of a policy, and the continuous comparison of actual with budgeted results, either to secure by individual action the objective of that policy, or to provide a basis for its revision". Chapter objectives This chapter is intended to provide: marketing as a key marketing control technique An overview of the advantages and disadvantages of budgeting Structure of the chapter Of all business activities, budgeting is one of the most important and, therefore, requires detailed attention. The chapter looks at the concept of responsibility centres, and the advantages and disadvantages of budgetary control. It then goes on to look at the detail of budget construction and the use to which budgets can be put. Like all management tools, the chapter highlights the need for detailed information, if the technique is to be used to its fullest advantage. Budgetary control methods a) Budget: activities in a given period of time. -ordinate the activities of the organisation. An example would be an advertising budget or sales force budget. b) Budgetary control: can either exercise control action or revise the original budgets. Budgetary control and responsibility centres; These enable managers to monitor organisational functions. A responsibility centre can be defined as any functional unit headed by a manager who is responsible...
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...Journal of Business Strategy Business model innovation: coffee triumphs for Nespresso Kurt Matzler Franz Bailom Stephan Friedrich von den Eichen Thomas Kohler Article information: To cite this document: Kurt Matzler Franz Bailom Stephan Friedrich von den Eichen Thomas Kohler, (2013),"Business model innovation: coffee triumphs for Nespresso", Journal of Business Strategy, Vol. 34 Iss 2 pp. 30 - 37 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02756661311310431 Downloaded on: 16 June 2015, At: 05:07 (PT) References: this document contains references to 19 other documents. To copy this document: permissions@emeraldinsight.com The fulltext of this document has been downloaded 25789 times since 2013* Users who downloaded this article also downloaded: Gabriela Alvarez, Colin Pilbeam, Richard Wilding, (2010),"Nestlé Nespresso AAA sustainable quality program: an investigation into the governance dynamics in a multi-stakeholder supply chain network", Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, Vol. 15 Iss 2 pp. 165-182 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598541011028769 Claudio Vignali, (2001),"McDonald’s: “think global, act local” – the marketing mix", British Food Journal, Vol. 103 Iss 2 pp. 97-111 http:// dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070700110383154 Mark D. Uncles, Grahame R. Dowling, Kathy Hammond, (2003),"Customer loyalty and customer loyalty programs", Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 20 Iss 4 pp. 294-316 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07363760310483676 Access...
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...Negotiation: the Chinese style Tony Fang School of Business, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Abstract Purpose – To examine the nature of Chinese business negotiating style in Sino-Western business negotiations in business-to-business markets involving large industrial projects from a social cultural point of view. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual approach developed from personal interviews. Findings – This study reveals that the Chinese negotiator does not possess an absolute negotiating style but rather embraces a mixture of different roles together: “Maoist bureaucrat in learning”, “Confucian gentleman”, and “Sun Tzu-like strategist”. The Chinese negotiating strategy is essentially a combination of cooperation and competition (termed as the “coop-comp” negotiation strategy in this study). Trust is the ultimate indicator of Chinese negotiating propensities and role choices. Research limitations/implications – The focus of this study is on Chinese negotiating style shown in large B2B negotiations with Chinese SOEs. Originality/value – Differing from most other studies on Chinese negotiating style which tend to depict the Chinese negotiator as either sincere or deceptive, this study points out that there exists an intrinsic paradox in Chinese negotiating style which reflects the Yin Yang thinking. The Chinese negotiator has a cultural capacity to negotiate both sincerely and deceptively and he/she changes coping strategies according to situation and context...
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...International Journal of Finance and Accounting 2013, 2(7): 365-372 DOI: 10.5923/j.ijfa.20130207.04 Role of Pension Funds in Financial Intermediation Ondabu Ibrahim Tirimba Finance and Economics Department, PhD Candidate Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya Abstract This paper aimed at discussing the various roles that pensions play in financial intermediat ion. Descriptive research design was adopted with the population being all the available literature on the online web as pertaining pension funds and also financial intermed iation. Using key word characters, the search in itially identified 50 journals and after a tentative scrutiny, 37 journals were selected in a random sampling manner in o rder to give the birth of this discussion paper. The key objective of this article was to discuss the role of pension funds in financial intermed iation. A mong the roles identified in this paper were; provision of a mechanis m for pooling of funds and subdivision of shares, provision of ways to transfer economic resources, provision of ways to manage uncertainty and control risk, provision of ways to manage uncertainty and control risk, provision of pricing informat ion and the provision of ways to deal with incentive problems. This paper provides practical insights into the roles of pension in financial intermed iation and thus highlighting the key importance of such pension funds into the success of any economy. This paper is one of the very first...
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