...Neocolonialism Essay Sociology of Developing Countries Professor: Nanette Baily By: Brandi Powell Due: 11/27/2011 Introduction Neocolonialism is the practice of using capitalism, globalization, and cultural forces to control a country (usually former European colonies in Africa or Asia) in lieu of direct military or political control. Such control can be economic, cultural, or linguistic; by promoting one's own culture, language or media in the colony, corporations embedded in that culture can then make greater headway in opening the markets in those countries. Thus, neocolonialism would be the end result of relatively benign business interests leading to deleterious cultural effects. Neocolonialism describes certain economic operations at the international level which have alleged similarities to the traditional colonialism of the 16th to the 20th centuries. The contention is that governments have aimed to control other nations through indirect means; that in lieu of direct military-political control, neocolonialist powers employ economic, financial, and trade policies to dominate less powerful countries. Those who subscribe to the concept maintain these amounts to a de facto control over targeted nations. What are the social phenomena neocolonialism? It is a set of political, economic, social and colonial arrangements or systems which continue to exist in a society, managed and controlled by little local property-ruling class on behalf of their...
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...Oxfam has three main focus points: Development work, which tries to lift communities out of poverty, humanitarian work, assisting those affected by conflict and natural disasters, and lobbyism, which will contribute to try to affect policy decisions on national, and international levels. The United Kingdom is the sixth richest country in world, yet 1 in 5 of the UK population struggle to afford even the most essential of goods: food. Oxfam believes that everyone should have enough money to feed themselves and their family without relying on charity. Together with Trussel Trust foodbank network, which is a non-governmental organization and a partner of Oxfam who work with charity, they have helped approximately 2 million families in crisis across the United Kingdom. But Oxfam believes that food banks aren’t the solution by themselves, therefore Oxfam works in some of the poorest communities in the UK. In these communities voluntaries helps the parents of primary school children, build confidence, educate them, and most important help children get the best possible start in life. Oxfam has over 1200 second-hand shops worldwide, which sell any thing donated items. around 750 of the the stores are located in the UK, around 100 of them are specialist shops which specialize in books, furniture, bridal wear and music. Oxfam was confirmed as the largest retailer of second-hand books in Europe selling approximately 12 million per year. In the year of 2008 they did raise £17,1...
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...Q7. Discuss the Contribution of either Julius Nyerere or Kwame Nkrumah, in the promotion of Pan Africanism. Introduction Pan Africanism is an ideology and movement that encourages the solidarity of Africans world wide.It is based on the belief that unity is vital to economic, social, and political progress and aims to “unify and uplift” people of African descent. The ideology asserts that the fate of all African peoples and countries are intertwined. At its core Pan-Africanism is “a belief that African peoples, both on the continent and in the Diaspora, share not merely a common history, but a common destiny” The largest Pan-African organization is the African Union. Kwame Nkrumah “I’m not African because I was born in Africa; I’m an African because Africa’s born in me.” Kwame Nkrumah Early Life Education Kwame Nkrumah, was born in approximately 1909 in the town of Nkroful, in the Nzima region of present-day Ghana. His father was a goldsmith by trade and kept many wives, although Kwame Nkrumah was his mother’s only child. His early education was conducted at local missionary schools, and his aptitude enabled him to attend the Government Training College in Accra in 1926. At the Government Training College, Nkrumah was trained to become a teacher and graduated in 1930 (Adi, 2003: 144). He worked as a teacher for five years and although during this time period he also contemplated a move into the priesthood. In 1935 Nkrumah decided to take his studies abroad. After a shorter...
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...done more to hinder the realm’s economic growth. The three main reasons I believe this to be the fact is infrastructure, corruption, and political problems. After all the European countries left their colonies to the African people, the country’s infrastructure was not much improved than when they arrived. According to Regions by Blij, Muller, and Nijman, much of the land was built around the port cities, capitals, and core areas so that the Europeans could maximize their profits off the exploitation of minerals and soils. So while there are descent roads and railroads leading from the port cities into the interior of the coastal states, there are no roads that lead from port city to port city because many of these cities were colonialized by different countries. This has lead to Africa having the lowest percentage of intra-realm trade in the world, only 13%, according to Regions . Infrastructure is in need of major renovations to improve the economic stability of Africa. Since the decolonization of Africa in 1994 corruption has run rampant. Before colonization corruption was unheard of. According to Dr. Jean-Marie Hyacinthe Quenum, S.J., “the institutionalization of corruption in sub-Saharan Africa has invalidated the history and institutions of African traditional societies based on the cultures of solidarity with a strong sense of community and the virtue of hard work for the benefit of families, clans and tribes.” In post-colonialism Africa the “consumerist mentality”...
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...2/25/15 Prof. Peters Black Political Identity REACTION PAPER 1 “Where is the Black man’s government? Where is his King and his Kingdom? Where is his President, his Ambassador, his army; his navy, his men of big affairs?” ‘MARCUS GARVEY’ It is this poignant thought that countless Pan African people have sought to define and answer, and bring to reality throughout the Pan African movement and struggles. From Prophecy to Policy: Marcus Garvey and Evolution of Pan African Citizenship by Claudius Fergus is a historic overview of the organization and outcomes of the Pan African and African Dispora political agenda from 1600’s to the middle 2000’s culminating in the African Union and the implementation of the Sixth Union. Fergus documents the historic, worldwide, movement to end social, economic and political injustice for all African people. Fergus introduces that the focus of European colonization in the 17 th century took place in the Caribbean because of the sugar industry. Europeans needed cheap labor and sought African slave labor to be used as chattel on sugar plantations. The atrocities continued for hundreds of years when finally the nation of Jamaica and Haiti fought for the decolonization and physical freedom against exploitation. These wars took place in the late 1700’s. The knowledge of the black man physically fighting in the Caribbean is contrary to the tales of the docile American slave Dispora. Fergus also tells of the Eighty-Year’s Maroon War and a landmark treaty...
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...Student Name Student ID XXXXXX Date History “Emergence of Racial Equality in America” In his short essay, “The Preconditions for Racial Change,” author Harvard Sitkoff argues that economic, political and ideological considerations played a major role in bringing about racial equality for African-Americans in the United States during the middle of the 20th century. Sitkoff maintains that the introduction of televisions into American homes, a booming postwar economy, the decolonization of many African nations from white rule and the emergence of the United States as the leader of the Free World were the driving forces behind bringing racial equality to the forefront for many Americans, both black and white. The arguments offered by Sitkoff regarding this awakening in many Americans are both compelling and convincing. While his viewpoints are based on nothing more than perception and opinion, his logic is sound and his line of reasoning is very persuasive. Sitkoff begins his essay by discussing the opportunities afforded to blacks as a direct result of positive changes in the American economy. With the explosive growth of our Gross National Product (GNP) after the 1940’s, many blacks saw a sharp increase in their income, the availability of jobs in industries that had previously been off-limits to them and advancement opportunities that ranked them alongside their white counterparts. In the past, the fear...
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...1. Review the timeline for the Literature of the Harlem Renaissance 1919-1940 on pp. 1377-1378 of the Norton Anthology of African American Literature and identify what you believe are three primary events that occurred and explain why you believe they had a significant impact on the period. The three primary event is: a. In 1919 W.E.B. Dubois organized first Pan American Congress in Paris. b. In 1920 ratification of the 19th Amendment granting women the right to vote. c. In 1923 – 33 the Harlem Renaissance The three events had a significant impact because women could not vote in the election as men could and vote their opinions on who they want as President. The Harlem Renaissance was a rebirth and express of African American culture as...
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...SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCE COURSE CODE:POL 122 COURSE TITLE:INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN POLITICS POL 122 INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN POLITICS COURSE GUIDE POL 122 INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN POLITICS Course Writer/Developer Mr. Sikiru Lanre Nurudeen Department of Political Science and Conflict Resolution Al – Hikmah University, Ilorin Kwara State Course Editor Prof. M. Olarotimi Ajayi Faculty of Social Sciences Covenant University Otta Course Coordinator Mr. Abdul-Rahoof A. Bello National Open University of Nigeria ii POL 122 INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN POLITICS NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA National Open University of Nigeria Headquarters 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way Victoria Island Lagos Abuja Office No. 5 Dar es Salaam Street Off Aminu Kano Crescent Wuse II, Abuja Nigeria e-mail: centralinfo@nou.edu.ng URL: www.nou.edu.ng Published by National Open University of Nigeria Printed 2009 ISBN: 978-058-415-3 All Rights Reserved iii POL 122 INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN POLITICS CONTENTS PAGE Introduction ………………………………………….…………… 1 Course Aims ……………………………………………………… 1 Course Objectives ………………………………………………... 1 Working through Course……………………………………. This 2 Course Materials………………………………………………….. 2 Study Units………………………………………………………. . 2 Text books and References……………………………………….. 3 Assessment File…………………………………………………… 3 Tutor-Marked Assignment ……………………….. ……………… 4 iv POL 122 INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN POLITICS Final Examination Grading…………………………………... and 4 Course Marking Scheme…………………………………………...
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...ABSTRACT In the recent years China has been seen as a major competition in the international economic market. It has been replacing many western states as the top trading and investment partner in many African states, and for decades it has been one of Africa’s best friends, helping in the decolonization process and building key infrastructure projects on the continent. China has been providing many African governments with cheap loans in exchange for securing their means of accumulating natural resources based on the principle of non-intervention and respect for sovereignty, which gives no strings attached. For more than a decade, diplomatic relations between China and South Africa have been marked a great growing relationship between both states. From a period of no official ties to limited interaction between the South African and Chinese Governments, the relationship has subsequently developed to become one of the closest between African and Asian states. Growing economic engagement, which underpins the warm ties between the two states, has put South Africa amongst China’s top three trading partners on the continent. Moreover, China is an emerging market economy; with a fast track of being the next economic rising superpower in the world and its current relations between it and Africa continue to grow fast with foreign direct investment increasing thirty-fold between 2003 and 2011, from US$491m to US$14.7 billion. In 2012, China pledged US$20 billion of loans to Africa over...
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...Malik is carrying out, and to inspect the nearby villages, when what they really need is Medicine and food. Malik is looked very badly upon as his effort is not helping, and he broke his promise. The next day the female doctor drives off to inspect the villages, while she is gone, Malik receives word that the village chief is dead, and is afraid of the locals retaliation as they assume the female doctor has killed him, they are saved by a sandstorm. Malik has a good heart he really wants to help the locals, his luck is sadly just not as good as his heart, most of of the time things seem to go against him. He is educated at the university of Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, he feels humiliated by the female doctor probably because the African people isn´t used to women walking and talking as they wish, furthermore women´s rights in Islamic religion is very restricted, and therefore her straight forwardness is quite a shock to him. The Female doctor seems as she wants to help, but in her way, which is probably the way regulations prescribe, things will go to slow and human lives will be wasted. I also think she might want to study up on traditions and how things work in the places she go, as her way to act is very embarrassing to Malik and all Muslim men she might come...
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...Samantha Rodgers Current Event: Africa Africa Can Feed Itself According to the World Bank officials, the African people can now feed themselves. The vice president of World Bank, Makhtar Diop, says that the African government will be changing their food trade policies as one of the efforts to help the food shortage. The articles notes a study done by the United Nation’s Food and Agriculture Organization, that over the past four years, that the number of malnutrition and hungry people has increased from 175 million to 239 million! Amelia Matos Sumbana, Mozambique’s Ambassador of the United States, thinks that the Africa can feed itself as long as they get things done right. In addition, Ms. Sumbana says that since a lot of the problems with food have been identified, then it is up to the African government to enhance policies. At the end of the article, the vice president of World Bank says it is only Africans that can solve their problems. He also says, “Until local people are empowered it will be difficult for some of these problems to be solved.” Lastly, the World Bank reports that by 2020, the demand for food is going to double because of African cities are growing at such a rapid pace. Therefore, they hope that farmers will cultivate more land and grow more food, in order to meet the demands of the people. I think as long as the government can really gain control of the food and encourage the farmers to meet the new demands said by the government, and...
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...His In Ian Strachan's "The Power of the Dead: African Beliefs and Rituals in the Bahamas" he declares that Christianity is the primary and most endorsed religion of the state and emphasizes that The Bahamas is a Christian nation. However, he argues that "something else has shaped the Bahamian religious experience, vision of life and death, and how the phases of life should be celebrated, mourned, marked and masked". He illustrates this by using the example of Christmas and New Year's , which are two of the most religious days of the Protestant year-- he goes on to describe how "thousands of Bahamians gather to beat African drums, mask themselves and dance in an event which has nothing to do with Christ: Junkanoo". Consequently, the author asserts that we are more content and easily accepting of our European antecedents of Bahamian cultural practice rather than the African. Despite adopting many African derived practices such as socializing, speaking, healing and cooking, references to Africa elicit embarrassment and condemnation by numerous Bahamians. Subsequently, Strachan unveils the African roots of many Bahamian practices pertaining to death, the dead and the relation to the living. He illustrates this by proving that many Bahamian beliefs about the aforementioned originated from African tradition, have spread across the Diaspora and some are still being practiced today in spite of evolution. Conversely, in the sixth chapter in "Bahamian Society After Emancipation"...
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...To respond to question three, Conrad portrays the indigenous African people in many different ways that are all negative. He conveys the message that the Africans are savages and that Africa itself is a place of no order and no civilization. To begin, on page 17 of Heart of Darkness, Conrad has his protagonist Marlow describe the Africans in many inhumane ways. “Black shapes crouched, lay, sat between the trees, leaning against the trunks, clinging to the earth in all attitudes of pain, abandonment, and despair they were nothing earthly now, nothing but black shadows of disease and starvation One of these creatures rose to his hands and knees and went off on all fours towards the river to drink.” After calling the African people creatures and shadows of disease and starvation, it was apparent that Conrad definitely did not think of the Africans as human beings. This portrayal shows the natives as "shadows" and unearthly "creatures," not as dying and sick men. The men are not other human beings, but in fact incoherent shapes with no humanizing characteristic to classify one man from another, which furthermore makes the indigenous Africans people into animals. Although the story has many different statements such as the one above, due to the time period of this story, I do not believe that it can be seen as racist. In our time, statements such as these would be seen as complete and utter racism and totally unacceptable. However, at the time of when Heart of Darkness was...
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...Essential Claims 1.3.1.1. Growth Theory under Economic Liberalism 1.3.1.2. Evolutionary Theory 1.3.1.3. Functionalist Theory 1.3.1.4. Common Assumptions and Methodology 1.3.1.5 The Influence of Modernization on Development Practice in Africa 1.3.1.6. Critique of Modernization 1.3.2 Dependency Theory and its Essential Claims 21 21 25 27 27 28 29 30 32 34 36 39 i 1.3.3. The Theoretical Heritage of Dependency Theory 1.3.3.1. Structuralist Economics and the ‘Prebisch Thesis’ 1.3.3.2. Marxism 1.3.4. Common Assumptions of Dependency Theory 1.3.5. Criticisms of Dependency Theory 1.3.6. The Influence of Dependency Theory on African Development Practice 1.3.6.1. Nkrumah’s Communalism and Development Preoccupations 1.3.6.2. Nyerere’s Ujamaa 1.4. The Neo-Liberal Perspective and its Basic Claims 1.4.1. Theoretical Heritage and Context 1.4.2. Shared Assumptions 1.4.3. Influence on African Development Plans and Practices 1.4.3.1. Common Approaches to Africa’s Development 1.4.3.2. The Lagos Plan of Action 1.4.3.3. Structural Adjustment...
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...question no.3 The film focuses on the lives of three women of different social classes who get publicly harassed. It starts with Fayza (Bushra), a low income government employee who gets harassed in a taxi and a bus (numbered 678) on the way to work. When she arrives home she resists her husband's attempts in sleeping with her and doesn't explain why she can't sleep with him. It then moves to Seba a middle class jewelry designer who gets harassed in a stadium by a group of men while her husband is unable to reach her to stop what is happening to her. Following that, her husband was unable to live with what happened and she was left with no one to take care of her emotionally. She separated from her husband and started a harassment class in al Sawi cultural wheel. Finally the movie focuses on Nelly, a standup comedian and call center employee who gets harassed verbally on a call with a customer as well as physically while walking home when a truck driver grabs her and pulls her through the street. When he finally leaves her she runs behind the truck and doesn't let it go until she and the crowds were able to pull the driver out and hand him over to the police. She tries to file a report for harassment but the police officer resists and send her to another precinct. She appears after that in a TV show as she was the first Egyptian to file a report for harassment. Cast[edit] question no.3 Egyptian flim...cairo 6,7,8 ২০১০ সালে মোহাম্মাদ দিয়াব ছবিতি বানায় মিশরীয় মহিলাদের যৌন...
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