...This paper aims to look at the Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) and role it plays within the sustainable use paradigm in Zimbabwe in particular and some of the countries in Southern Africa. Here we will understand the meaning or definition of CITES and how the CITES convention has played a great role in the countries in Africa and around the world. To begin this discussion it is important to understand what the CITES Convention was all about. CITES was established as a response to growing concerns that over-exploitation of wildlife through international trade was contributing to the rapid decline of many species of plants and animals around the world. The Convention was signed by representatives from 80 countries in Washington, DC, United States, on 3 March 1973, and entered into force on 1 July 1975. As of December 2008, there are 173 parties to the Convention. The aim of CITES is to ensure that international trade of wild animal and plant species does not threaten their survival. The Convention's conservation goals are to: monitor and stop commercial international trade in endangered species; maintain species under international commercial exploitation; and assist countries toward sustainable use of species through international trade. CITES parties regulate wildlife trade through controls and regulations on species listed in three appendices. Appendix I lists species endangered due to international trade. Trade in such species is permitted...
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...STUDENT INFORMATION | Your Name Ecology StudentDate August 7, 2012Assignment No. 2 | NEWS ARTICLE INFORMATION | News Article Title TRee Loss Used to Guage Elephant Popultaion HealthNews Article Date August 7, 2012 News Website ENN-Enviornmental News Network URL of News Article http://www.enn.com/wildlife/article/44771 | NEWS ARTICLE AUTHOR(S) | Author 1 none listedAuthor 2 Author 3 | SCHOLARLY JOURNAL INFORMATION | *Name of Scholarly Journal Ecology Letters*Journal Article Title Landscape-scale effects of herbivores on treefall in African savannasURL of Journal Article http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01842.x/abstract*Date of Journal Article Publication August 5, 2012Funding Source/Support (if available) This research was funded by the Andrew Mellon Foundation. The Carnegie Airborne Observatory is supported by the W.M. Keck Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore foundation, the Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment, and William Hearst III. | RESEARCHER(S) – AFLLIATION(S) | Researcher/Journal Article Author Gregory P. Asner University/Agency Affiliation Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution, Stanford, CA, USAResearcher/Journal Article Author Shaun R. Levick University/Agency Affiliation Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution, Stanford, CA, USA, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany Researcher/Journal...
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...with elephants is beset by contradictions. On the one hand, they are regarded with awe and fascination; while on the other, whole populations are eradicated in pursuit of land or ivory (David 444). Even though elephants do have natural predators- the young are often killed by lions, hyenas, or crocodiles- by far their most dangerous enemy is humankind (David 444). As far back as classical antiquity, North African elephant populations were dwindling rapidly. They finally disappeared during the Dark or Middle Ages (“Saving the Elephant”). The Arab ivory trade, which started in the 17th century, precipitated a further rapid decline among elephant populations in both West and East Africa (“Saving the Elephant”). The colonial era accelerated the process by opening up previously inaccessible areas introducing modern technology, notably high-powered rifles; in Africa, the destruction of elephants reached a peak between 1830 and 1900 (“New Rules”). Today, continuing deforestation and the encroachment of roads, farms, and towns into former elephants habits threaten both African and Asian elephant by restricting their range, cutting off seasonal migration routes, and bringing them into more frequent conflict with people (“New Rules”). Perceptions of the main conservation issues involved have changed radically since the 1960s when the debate centered on local overpopulation of elephants in protected areas (David 444). In the 1970s and 1980s the concern was that elephants were being...
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...Population growth concerns of African forest elephants A scientific paper recently written by Turkalo et al, Slow intrinsic growth rate in forest elephants, indicates that the recovery of African forest elephants, Loxodonta cyclotis, from poaching will require several decades. This species of African elephant has been experiencing continual population declines driven by illegal killing (poaching) and natural habitat range loss. These scientists completed the 1st ever demographic study on African forest elephant populations. Since 2002, it’s estimated that their population has decreased by 62% and that they have lost 30% of their habitat range. Using data collected in Dzanga forest, located in the Central African Republic, scientists found that...
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...The common name is the African Elephant, the scientific name is Loxodonta Africana, the phylum is Vertebrata, the class is Mammalia, the order is Proboscidea, and the family is Elephantidae. The Closest Relatives to the African Elephant are: the Asian Elephant, mammoths, primitive proboscidean (mastodons), sea cows, and hyraxes. Scientists believe that the African Elephant evolved from one of its closest relatives, the Sea Cow. The geographical location and range of the African elephant covers all of central and southern Africa. In Ethiopia there are isolated populations that exist around Lake Chad in Mali and Mauritania. Also in Kenya, Rhodesia, Tanzania, Zambia, Uganda, Zaire, and in National parks located in South Africa, as well as several other countries. African Elephants, originally, were found in all of the Sub-Saharan African habitats except desert steppes. Elephants still occupy diverse habitats such as: temperate grassland, tropical savanna and grass lands, temperate forest and rainforest, tropical rainforest, tropical scrub forest, and tropical deciduous forest despite their drastic decline in numbers. However, their migratory patterns and habitat use have changed, due to the fact that they are restricted to protected areas. The elephant can exist in many types of environments but it prefers places that have many trees and bushes, which the elephant needs both for food and shade. They also like warm areas that have plenty of rainfall. This ensures...
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...Imagine a world without a specific species, nobody can see them anywhere anymore, not even the zoo. Well it’s a tragedy that is very possible and is happening here in our realm. Poaching in Africa is very natural, although globally illegal, and any animal is susceptible to these executioners. Not only are animals being affected by poachers, but also tribes that occupy the lands rely on the animals for food. The result of so many animals being poached in areas that tribes employ, the tribes are being malevolently accused of the rapid decline of the animal population. Most of the animals being poached will, most likely, be extinct in years to come due to the rapid decline of animals such as elephants and rhinos. As viewers of these malicious transgressions, it is our duty to become protectors of these magnificent creatures before they become extinct. It’s our time to act. Please help these defenseless creatures. Explain the Issue: In...
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...These wild animals never saw a human before, and then suddenly they are captured and being shipped out of the wild to a zoo; the animals have no idea what is currently happening or what is going to happen. They are given a small amount of time to settle down before being put on display. When put on display, the animals are always pacing and every so often, an incident occurs when the animal purposely hurts themselves. This is the main sign of a mental illness caused by a traumatic event. Zoo animals from the wild no longer have a place to roam, there is no communication between different species, and they no longer have the food they are used to consuming. As the animal ages, their mental and physical state can only decline. These animals are more likely to develop a disease or obtain a physical injury once they are put on display. Also, zoos often have trouble handling these animals because the animals are not used to people. The animals are not good at understanding what is being asked of them and many are sold quickly to a different zoo, causing even more traveling which the animal is not used...
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...goals simulation The Operation Elephants’ Ark simulation was quite a learning experience. Never being involved in a well designed and orchestrated project such as this before, I found the simulation to be a very instrumental tool in helping to understand the concept and theories behind the project management practice. It helped to realize the thorough and in-depth planning that goes into managing a project, well before the plan goes into action. Perspective of project management Understanding what the main focus of the project is and the expected desired outcome, is very important. A project that is properly staffed not only with enough resources but also appropriate, and knowledgeable resources can ensure the project is well covered. Project Transport eight elephants safely from the Zakinaka National Park, to a special conservation area located in Ungoba. The trip will involve the use of two recovery trucks, four trailer trucks (two at the Zakinaka site and two at the Ungoba site), and one airplane. Resources Hiring a team to operate a helicopter for identifying the eight elephants within the herd. This team will also be armed with tranquilizer guns to bring down the elephants. Hiring veterinarians to administer health assessment tests on each of the eight elephants, by taking hair and blood samples. A couple team members to spray the elephants down with water, as to prevent the elephants from experiencing dehydration and to keep...
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...THE ROLE OF THE INTERPOL ON ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES By: Fangon, Arvee E. Enriquez, David Jay Esguerra,Bon Josef Jaravata, Sherela Calcita, Ranilo What is Environmental Crime? An environmental crime is a violation of environmental laws that are put into place to protect the environment. When broadly defined, the crime includes all illegal acts that directly cause environmental harm. Such crimes are also referred to as ‘crime against the environment.’ What Is The Role Of The Interpol In This Environmental Crimes? Environmental crime is a serious and growing international problem, and one which takes many different forms Broadly speaking, wildlife crime is the illegal exploitation of the world’s wild flora and fauna, while pollution crime is the trade and disposal of waste and hazardous substances in contravention of national and international laws. INTERPOL's response In today’s global economy there is a need for an international strategy to deal with this type of crime. As the only organization with a mandate to share and process criminal information globally, INTERPOL is uniquely qualified to lead these efforts. The INTERPOL Environmental Crime Programme: Leads global and regional...
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...Endangered Species in Cambodia Source: http://cambodia.panda.org/wwf_in_cambodia/endangered_species Special thanks to: Samnang SAN Student of Faculty of Forestry, Royal University of Agriculture for providing Khmer names to some of the wildlife below. Just 50 years ago, large herbivores like Banteng, Asian Elephant, and Eld’s Deer as well as predators like Indochinese tiger and leopard were so abundant in the Dry Forests of North and Northeast Cambodia that scientists compared this ecoregion to the savannas of East Africa. In the troubled decades that followed, however, habitat destruction and hunting greatly reduced animal numbers and diversity. Today, the largest intact dry forests in Indochina remain in north-eastern Cambodia in an area known as the Eastern Plains Landscape (EPL). Cambodia large variety of habitats both on land and in water are home to a significant diversity of threatened wildlife species. Among mammals, wild cattle and deer species as well as predators like tiger and leopard still roam the remote forests of the Eastern Plains Landscape, while a small population of Irrawaddy Dolphin inhabits the Cambodian section of the Mekong River. Birds are equally plentiful - especially Cambodia's populations of large waterbirds in both forests and wetlands stand out as globally significant. The Mekong River is also home to several endangered and iconic fish and reptile species, and critically endangered Siamese crocodile have been observed...
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...They are other activities such as skiing, horse and elephant riding. Amenities are facilities that support tourism in the destination like shopping malls, health services. Ancillary services include travel insurance, airport transfers and providers of tourists’ information. Zimbabwe as a destination it has its strengths. It has the iconic attraction which is the Victoria Falls. Zimbabwe is rich in wildlife and many national parks and this promotes ecotourism in the destination. • Analyse the stage of destination in the Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC) RW Butler proposed the Tourism Area Life Cycle which consist of six stages which are exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation and decline. Exploration is the first stage and it is when a destination is discovered and tourism will be based on natural and cultural attractions. The second stage is the involvement stage when the government and the locals become involved in tourism. Then the development stage, a destination will be receiving large numbers of tourists that may exceed its carrying capacity. In the consolidation stage, the growth of tourism slows but the carrying capacity has been exceeded by the number of tourists. In the stagnation, that’s when tourism causes social, environmental and economic problems. In the final stage, tourism will either decline or rejuvenate. When tourism facilities are replaced by non-tourism activities that will be the decline but when changes are made in favour of tourism then...
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...Elephant Bar Restaurant: Mezzanine Financing Oday Tillawi Professor Shelly Canterbury Finance 441-001 Spring 2016 03/29/2016 Executive Summary: Elephant Bar Restaurant is a California based company founded by Chris Nancarrow in 1979. The restaurant started as a test concept of Carrow’s Restaurants, a chain of more than 150 full-service restaurants. Elephant bar was sold to W. R. Grace in 1985, and repurchased in 1993. The company aims to differentiate itself through innovative culinary concepts. On a product level, the company provides an “elephant-sized” culinary experience to the customer. In order to support innovation, the menu featured complex dishes that included “one unusual ingredient.” On a store level, the restaurants accentuated an architecturally dynamic African theme that allows customers and staff to scan the area and roam around easily. Early in its years, the company was a child of Saunders Karp and Megrue, LLC (SKM). SKM had invested $15.5 million in Elephant Bar in return for major ownership and control. Specifically, in September 2003, SKM controlled 6,192,411 shares, granting itself a 53.8% ownership stake in E-bar. With this hefty investment, Nancarrow pursued his expansion plans and took E-bar from 12 stores to 23 stores in September 2003. Management has decided that because of the geographic concentration E-bar cultivated, the restaurant is vulnerable to high diversification risk exposure. This type of risk amplified the need to expand into...
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...Giraffid Newsletter of the Giraffe & Okapi Specialist Group Note from the Co-‐Chairs Volume 7(2), December 2013 Wow – what a bumper issue and, of course, only befitting for the renamed Giraffid newsletter of the IUCN SSC Giraffe and Okapi Specialist Group (GOSG)! Inside this issue: It has been an exciting last six months and this issue brings you lots of stories and tall tales from across the African continent and beyond. From species conservation strategies and Red List updates, interesting wild and captive behaviours to translocations, hooves and DNA, this is truly a fully loaded newsletter. An inspiring read to keep us all going over the imminent festive season and a relaxing winter or summer break. Unusual sightings of wild giraffe behaviour 4 GOSG together with the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), the Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature...
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...NATIONAL AND STRATEGIC STUDIES MODULE 1 ZIMBABWEAN HISTORY, NATIONAL INTERESTS, AND HERITAGE, Contents: TOPIC ……….. ……. PAGE 1. Introduction……………………………………………………..01 2. History of Zimbabwe……………………………………………02 2.1. The Great Zimbabwe State…………………………………03 2. The Mutapa State…………………………………………..04 2.3. The Rozvi State…………………………………………….07 2.4. The Ndebele State…………………………………………..07 2.5. White Settler Occupation of Zimbabwe……………………10 2.6. Crimes Against Humanity; -- Colonization and Slavery …..15 7. Consolidation of Settler-Colonialism in Zimbabwe ………21 8. African Nationalism And Organized Resistance To colonialism ……….. .. 30 4. Cultural heritage……………………………………………. 5. Political Heritage 6. Economic heritage 7. Civic responsibilities 8. Acknowledgements 1: INTRODUCTION NASS- The background There is no educational system that is silent on the values that are accepted and cherished by that society. Education is about values in other word behavior change in all the domains of education that is the psychomotor, the cognitive and the affective. A skilled artisan or accountant with no sense of his position in society at the family level or at work or society in general is a social misfit and a...
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...Whether the citizens or simply their circumstances are to blame is heavily debated. What is not is the existence of drugs and crime abounding the area and spreading general distrust to anyone who happens across this part of Memphis. Cocaine was introduced to the environment around the 1980 to 1990s, since then drugs and violence have split families and been a source of violence and distrust throughout the neighborhood (Orange). These detrimental influences are further spread by the insinuation that the decline of this neighborhood can be linked to the race of its residents. Even in today’s age of modern times and preached about acceptance, racism still abounds to the levels of rioting and civil warfare over issues that are only worsened by such. Memphis as a whole may be a wonderful city but there are sections where its citizens seem determined to manufacture a hostile and unwelcoming environment which only serves to escalate the pre-existing notions of discrimination and blame. Even more appalling than the current situation is the fact that while efforts are being introduced to quell the crime and injustice present in some communities there are groups actively working against these efforts. Over years of gang and drug business’ flourishing many...
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