...BUSINESS RESEARCH METHODS PROJECT REPORT ON INDIAN AGRICULTURE: FACTORS AND PRODUCTION Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION By: Group 5 Ekta Chhotaria – G012 Aadarsh Chaudhary – G014 Dhwani Mehta – G038 Jackin Mota – G041 Snehal Naik – G044 Devalla Phani Madhav –G50 Rahul Rao – G051 Suryansh Shrimal –G59 Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies Mumbai – 400056 August 2015 INDEX Serial No. | Topic | Page No | 1 | Research problem | 3 | 2 | Abstract | 3 | 3 | Introduction | 4 | 4 | Literature Review | 4 | 5 | Research Design | 5 | 6 | Findings | 8 | 7 | Conclusion | 12 | 8 | Appendix | 12 | RESEARCH PROBLEM Reduce agricultural dependence on rainfall ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine the effect of irrigation on agricultural productivity Methodology: Scatter diagram and the regression analysis Findings: This study quantifies the incremental benefits of major factor inputs inovertime variation of agricultural performance and agricultural productivity in India. The results of our model indicate that better irrigation facilities, normal rainfall helped to improve crop output in the country. Social implications: Knowing precisely what factors impact agricultural productivity and to what extent will help the government increase farm productivity, thus reducing farmer suicides. INTRODUCTION The Indian economy has undergone structural changes...
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...of the agriculture sector towards India’s GDP is questioning the status of this sector as the backbone of the economy. With time agriculture is turning into an economically unviable activity with almost no profitability pushing the sector in a state of crisis. The following report analyses how the agrarian crisis can largely be attributed to the economic reforms in India since 1991. Lack of Easy Credit to Agriculture and Dependence on Money Lenders In 1969, 14 major commercial banks were nationalized with one of the objectives of developing banking sector in rural areas and providing easy institutionalized credit to the farmer. Soon these banks became the major source of affordable credit in the rural market particularly for the small and marginal farmers. However in the era of neo liberalization, since 1991, the nationalized banks started reducing their commitment below the prescribed 18 per cent, while the cooperative banks turned sick and failed to provide credit. With the implementation of the recommendations of the Narasimham Committee on Banking Reform post 1991, some of which included the decontrol of interest rates, large scale closure of rural branches for rationalized branch networks, the national effort towards developmental and social banking for farmers came to an end. This squeezed credit lines to farmers and led to a drastic fall in the credit flow to agriculture. In Andhra Pradesh for example, the proportion of bank lending to agriculture fell from...
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...production losses, reduction in GDP, and loss of livelihood. The drought has also demonstrated itself as a major obstacle for agriculture and food security in the country. Morocco, whose economy depends largely on agricultural production, is greatly threatened by the drought. Agriculture is Morocco’s main economic activity, contributing almost half to the country’s GDP. With several indications suggesting the drought is not close to an end, wouldn’t it be crucial for policymakers to take hold of the implications of the droughts, especially for the most vulnerable in society, such as the poor, small-scale farmers, and the poorer urban households? In the article “Climate change, vulnerability and adaptability in North Africa with a focus on Morocco” (Janpeter, Korbinian, Elke, Jürgen, 2012), studied the environmental impacts of climate change to major economic and agricultural developments in North America. The article openly states that climate change will likely have the strongest effect on Morocco. The combination of decreasing supply and strong population growth aggravates the stressed water situation in the region (Janpeter, Korbinian, Elke, Jürgen, 2012). It continued to say that the agricultural sector of Morocco is extremely important for the country’s economy and particularly for the poor people. I have concluded from this article that Morocco’s past agriculture incentives are inadequate get around the effects of the drought. This article has provided more depth to the question...
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...Human Capital Needs in Agriculture and Allied Sectors - Policy Options National Academy of Agriculture Research Management (NAARM, Hyderabad) and Institute of Applied Manpower Research (IAMR, New Delhi) The Backdrop Agriculture sector is the mainstay of Indian economy ensuring food security and providing livelihood to millions involved either directly or indirectly with this sector. This sector has a strong mutually beneficial interface with the industry sector. Notwithstanding its declining share in country’s GDP, agriculture continues, and will continue to be the key to nation’s growth and development. Over the years Indian agriculture had made tremendous progress which, in a large measure, is directly or indirectly, due to the contributions of agricultural science and technology, and development of human skills to take advantage of the technology, be it through development of improved seed and planting material, plant protection, irrigation and soil conservation measures, mechanization and other productive agricultural practices as well as in putting on ground a massive infrastructure for extension work and transfer of technology to the farmers. In recent times, however, the pattern of agricultural growth has become somewhat erratic. The challenges that Indian agriculture faces today because of factors like shrinkage of available land, decline in soil quality and response to inputs, inadequate and uneven penetration of technology and skills, and above all...
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...INTRODUCTION Bangladesh is a country with a population of about 150 million; population density being the highest in the world. Agriculture still remains the mainstay in national economy despite rapid industrialization. It plays a significant role in the overall economic development of Bangladesh in terms of contribution to GDP (19.79%), employment (63%), export (15%), food security and poverty reduction. Over the past 50 years, per capita arable land dropped to 0.06 ha. Growing enough food for such a large and growing population with shrinking land is a daunting task. The country has only 8.20 million hectares of agricultural land. In the last two decades, Bangladesh made a significant progress in cereal production. The cereal production has increased from 11.00 million tons in 1971 to almost 30.00 million tons in 2006. Ninety eight per cent of food comes from agriculture. In spite, the food grain production in Bangladesh is facing great challenges due to increasing population, decreasing agricultural land, depleting natural resource base, climate change etc. Rice is the main crop that covers nearly 75% of cropped area contributing over 95% of total food grain production. It provides about 65 percent of direct human calorie intake. It is considered as the center of food security and socio-political stability. Major challenges in agriculture are to overcome the stress like pest and diseases or climatic hazards like submergence, salinity, drought, heat, cold, soil toxicity...
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...Position of Rice Production in Assam Khairul Islam Research Scholar, Singhania University, Rajasthan Abstract – Agriculture occupies a vital position in the State’s economy engaging about 53 per cent of the total working force, according in 2001 Census. The contributions of this Sector in State Domestic Product (SDP) at constant and current prices are 31.08 per cent and at 31.13 per cent respectively in 2002-2003. All the agricultural programmes have been assigned with high priority in the Successive plan periods for efficient use of available resources and to maximize production. These efforts have no doubt resulted some transformation in the pace of development under this sector, but much more still remains to be done to bring the situation compatible with other developed States of the country. Keywords – Rice, Agriculture, Assam, Production. I. INTRODUCTION Agriculture is the main source of income for families in India. Rice is the staple diet for about 65% people and cultivation of rice is the main occupation of those engaged in agriculture. It is grown in many regions across India. It is a part of nearly every meal, and it is grown on a majority of the rural farms. Rice is essential to life in India. India is the world's second largest producer of white rice. Here rice is cultivated in both seasons-winter and summer. It contributes about 43% of total food grain production and 46% of total cereal production in the country. It continues to play vital...
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...The Analysis of Impact of Irrigation Water Quality on Human Health: a case study in Musi River in Hyderabad, India Jeena T. Srinivasan and V. Ratna Reddy have conducted this research project in Hyderabad, India. Srinivasan has worked at Research Unit for Livehoods and Natural Resource (RULNER) which is promoted by the Center for Economic and Social Studies (CESS) in Hyderabad, India. Reddy has worked at Livelihoods and Natural Resources Management Institute which is also promoted by CESS. Srinivasan is the corresponding author who leads the whole research. By taking six villages with wastewater for irrigation along with Musi River and one control village with normal quality water (Srinivasan & Reddy, 2009, P.2800), the researchers tried to evaluate the difference of human health risks level between the two groups villagers. Besides, the researchers used the term “Morbidity Rates” associated with cost of illness to explain the different health risks exposing to individual family members in a household. Thus, there is a need for government to take several responsibilities to break the vicious circle which contaminated wastewater discharges from urban users to inflict harm on rural residents, and in turn as crops and meats for urban consumption (P. 2802). On the other hand, the researchers also tried to figure out determinants of morbidity. They classify households into high or low risk groups with four factors: location, the degree...
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...Chapter 2 Agriculture Agriculture is central to economic growth and development in Pakistan. Being the dominant sector it contributes 21.4 percent to GDP, employs 45 percent of the country’s labour force and contributes in the growth of other sectors of the economy. The healthy expansion in agriculture stimulates domestic demand for industrial goods and other services and supplying raw material to agro-based industry notably cotton textile industry which is the largest subsector of manufacturing sector. The government under paradigm of the new growth strategy envisioned to enhance growth in agriculture sector by facilitating agriculture productivity sustainable environment, increasing competitiveness in agriculture marketing and trade by providing friendly climate for more investment in the sector. However, draft tenth 5 years plan also envisages improving the productivity, profitability competitiveness and environmental sustainability of agriculture. Overall agriculture development strategy revolves to foster private sector-led development with public sector providing enabling environment through policy interventions and play capacity building role to improve agriculture related practices. The emphasis is on improving productivity and moving from subsistence to market oriented farming in the country to meet the domestic demand and surplus for export. The objective is to exploit potentials of our agriculture sector and use it as engine for economic growth and food security...
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...Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 2014; 3(4): 313-319 Published online September 20, 2014 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/aff) doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140304.24 ISSN: 2328-563X (Print); ISSN:2328-5648 (Online) Evaluation and future options for hillock crop production system in Lalmai region of Bangladesh Khokan Kumer Sarker1, Md. Ashraful Alam2, Mohammad Kamrul Hasan3, Mohammad Raziul Hassan Mondol4 1 Irrigation and Water Management (IWM) Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh Wheat Research Centre, BARI, Nashipur, Dinajpur, Bangladesh 3 Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development (BARD), Comilla, Bangladesh 4 Pulses Research Centre, Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Jessore, Bangladesh 2 Email address: ksarkerwrc@gmail.com (K. K. Sarker), ashrafulw@yahoo.com (M.A. Alam), hasan.kamrul17@yahoo.com (M. K. Hasan), raziulh@ymail.com (M.R.H. Mondol) To cite this article: Khokan Kumer Sarker, Md. Ashraful Alam, Mohammad Kamrul Hasan, Mohammad Raziul Hassan Mondol. Evaluation and Future Options for Hillock Crop Production System in Lalmai Region of Bangladesh. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Vol. 3, No. 4, 2014, pp. 313-319. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140304.24 Abstract: Lalmai hillock area is emerging as one of the prominent vegetable growing areas of Bangladesh. The study was undertaken to evaluate the existing cropping patterns, economic analysis, identify general problems and develop future options for improving...
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...List of Agriculture Careers Agricultural career options go well beyond farming and ranching. If you love the idea of working with crops, animals and resources that contribute to the worldwide food supply, pursuing a career in agriculture could provide you with a rewarding and fulfilling future. Seven Types of Agricultural Careers Agriculture is big business. The industry has been around for thousands of years and, according to AgDay, approximately 22 million Americans are involved in agriculture-related industries. There are so many career possibilities, that it's easier to segment career choices by field, rather than specific jobs. 1. Agricultural Communications Agriculture is such a big business that many of the major agricultural, farming and ranching companies house departments dedicated to promoting and marketing their products. Individuals involved in agricultural communications often work as marketers, public relations experts or journalists. Common job titles include: * Market news reporter * Farm news reporter * Public relations representative * Advertising specialist * Marketing communications manager * Regional sales manager * Account manager While most of these positions will require a minimum of a bachelor's degree in business, journalism or a related field, you may be able to pursue sales jobs with limited formal education. 2. Agricultural Economics Someone has to price, broker and assess the agricultural economy from day to day and year to year...
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...Rationale Students trained in this programme are to assume leading roles of public and private commerce of agricultural and food products. These organizations contribute greatly toward the economic well being of the country. Students that select the Agribusiness specialization will focus on the vertical integration of agribusiness and trade. These specializations provide students with the skills to examine domestic and global consumer interests and how they impact the demand for food and agriculture products. Students that select these specializations will have a basic foundation in business, marketing, finance, and accounting. They will specialize in marketing intelligence for agribusiness by supplementing basic marketing research with coursework that applies marketing research techniques to agribusiness. In addition, students will use marketing research techniques to provide a client with a marketing plan. The internship will provide student experience in the marketplace by applying marketing research techniques and working with clients to solve real agribusiness marketing problems. Students examine the efficient allocation of scarce resources within the country and profit maximization. They will understand both the supply and demand sides of agribusiness. Graduates can assume positions of managerial responsibilities in public and private agricultural and food-related enterprises and organizations. Programme Objectives The Bachelor‘s Degree program in Agribusiness Management offers...
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...Agriculture, growth and poverty reduction This paper was produced by the Agriculture and Natural Resources Team of the UK Department for International Development (DFID) in collaboration with Anne Thomson of Oxford Policy Management, Oxford. The authors are grateful to the UK Food Group for their additional contributions and comments. The paper reflects work in progress towards the development of new thinking on agricultural policy in DFID. It does not necessarily reflect the views and policy of DFID. This (working/supporting) paper is intended to stimulate public discussion. It is not necessarily DFID or UK Government policy. October 2004 Contents Executive Summary...................................................................................................... 3 1. What is the issue? .................................................................................................... 4 2. Agriculture, growth and poverty – what we know of the relationship ............................ 5 2.1 The context – the state of world poverty............................................................... 5 2.2 Agriculture’s recent performance – a picture of mixed progress............................... 7 2.3 Agricultural growth and poverty reduction – the evidence....................................... 9 2.4 Understanding how increased agricultural productivity reduces poverty ................. 10 3. Emerging issues and questions................................................
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...Alberto Zezza Franco Viciani nd Alberto Zezza are consultants, and Kostas G. Stamoulis is a Senior Economist, Agriculture and Economic Development Analysis Division (ESA), FAO, Rome. | 1. Introduction 2. Poverty, Inequality and Food Insecurity 3. Policy Reforms Affecting Agriculture and Rural Development, and Changes in the Role of the State 4. Globalization and International Trade Liberalization 5. Increasing Agricultural Production: Sustainability and Technology Changes 1. INTRODUCTION The first step in the CUREMIS exercise was a survey conducted among all the regional and sub-regional policy officers and outposted staff of the Economic and Social Department of FAO. The survey was based on a questionnaire which was distributed to them and was structured around "major trends affecting food, agriculture and rural development" as identified in the process of preparing the FAO Strategic Framework, namely: * changes in the role and functions of the state and implication for food, agriculture and rural development * trade liberalization, globalization and increased reliance on regional blocks * persistence of poverty, mounting inequality, food insecurity and continuing risks of emergencies * population growth, urbanization and related changes in demand on agriculture; increasing pressure on natural resources and the environment * research and technology development and inequality of access. A consolidated synthesis of the responses to the questionnaire...
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...November and April; the cool dry season, this is between May and July and the hot dry season, which is between August and October. There is only one raining season and the agriculture sector in the country is dependent on rain. Hence there is only one planting season in Zambia. Zambia has three (3) agro-ecological zones that are based on the physical and climatic conditions. Zone I accounts for about twelve percent of the country and has low altitude .It receives about 600-800mm rainfall annually. It comprises of subsistence farming of crops like sorghum and millet cultivated using mainly family labour using simple farm tools. Zone II covers forty-eight percent of the country. ‘Zone II receives about 800-1000mm rainfall annually. The farmers usually grow maize. This zone is most mechanised and consequently is the most commercialised in crop production. Crops mainly grown are cotton, wheat and soybeans. The country’s cash crops such as spices, flowers and fruits products are grown in this zone. Zone III makes up forty-two percent of the total land area. This has the highest rainfall in the country with an annual average of 12000 mm. This zone is similar to Zone I where subsistence farming is practised. Some of the crops grown include cassava, rice, soybeans and millet .Ministry of Agriculture (2004:1and 2) Agriculture is the main economic activity in the rural areas. remains largely traditional and concentrated in the hands of smallholders and pastoralists,...
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...ADAPTATION OF ZAMBIAN AGRICULTURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE- A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE UTILISATION OF THE AGRO-ECOLOGICAL REGIONS A Review For Policy Makers J S Phiri, E Moonga, O Mwangase, G Chipeta 05-04-13 Climate Change, Agriculture and Agro-Eco Regions of Zambia, A Review. ZaAS Page 1 Foreword The Zambia Academy of Sciences (ZaAS) was established for a purpose of “Promoting Excellence in Scientific and Technical Endeavours” in Zambia. I am glad to see that as a young academy, we are on the right path towards fulfilling our objectives and especially our role of advancing the cause of science and technology. I would like to reiterate that ZaAS is ready and willing to contribute, as scientists in the sustainable development of our country as we strongly believe that Zambia can truly develop only through advancement in science and technology. This Policy Brief is in line with the aspirations of the Constitution of the Academy and specifically Articles 4 and 5 that empowers the Academy to initiate studies or can be requested by stakeholders including Government or persons to undertake such research for purposes of scientific advice, guidance or for purposes of advancing science and technology in Zambia. It is in recognising this important role that the first Policy Brief addresses climate change and food security. Climate change is a challenge universally considered the single most threatening situation facing mankind today since time immemorial. This Policy Brief tackles impacts...
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