...Soldering Air Quality Hazards and Solutions William G. Nicholson U.S. Air Force Abstract Air quality has become questionable with recent increased production and soldering procedures conducted by the Avionics Intermediate Systems Shop at Charleston Air Force Base. With an unknown quality level of air within the soldering area there is a need for a sample to be taken and options to be considered to improve the working environment. Even though the air sample may reveal that levels are under threshold levels, the simple fact that employees are uncomfortable doing the task may warrant solutions as if the sample was above limits. Those changes would not be required by anyone outside of the Air Force, but would be considered based on employee well-being. This research paper will reveal the findings of the air quality sample, the methods of testing, and countermeasures intent on improving air quality. Most research has concluded that the soldering flux is the real contaminate and that the lead based solder does not become airborne during the process; which is exciting in the fact that expanded measures are not needed to account for lead. There are many solutions available to correct the air quality and this paper will assess the most applicable and cost effective. Keywords: soldering, flux, rosin-core, air quality, ventilation Soldering Air Quality Hazards and Solutions The current set-up for soldering avionics component parts has questionable ventilation to account...
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...How to perform a PM Service on a Semi-Tractor Steven H. Fudge ENG/222 July, 14 2015 Elaine Boyle How to perform a PM Service on a Semi-Tractor Table of Contents Page 1. Purpose 3 2. Safety 3 3. Research & Time Intervals 4 4. Engine 5-7 5. Transmission 8-9 6. Drivetrain 10 7. Suspension 11-13 8. Body and Frame 14-15 9. Paper Work 16 10. Final Inspection 17 11. References 18 Purpose The purpose of a PM Service on a Semi-Truck is to add longevity to the life of the vehicle. It allows the mechanic to fully inspect every component of the vehicle and make any necessary repairs as needed. This allows a safe and well maintained vehicle to transport any number of goods for a very long time. Safety Shut engine off! Lock and Tag if necessary! Chock wheels to prevent unintentional rolling of vehicle! Coolant and Oil may be extremely hot and under pressure! Low clearance under or around vehicle can cause injuries! Sharp objects may be present! Research & Time Intervals It is important to research the vehicle you are performing a PM Service on. Verify you have the proper filters, oil type, oil viscosity, and grease type so as to not cause damage to important components of the vehicle! Be sure that the service is performed within the scheduled time. A vehicle that does not get a PM Service at the recommended date can cause unnecessary failures...
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...V: Results and Discussions: After doing research and sifting through all information pertaining to the goals set forth in this paper, the results and discussions explain fully just how the information was received and used to comply with all the goals and reasons for the research paper. The main goal was to explain fully what activated carbon is and that is charcoal that has been heated or otherwise treated to increase its adsorptive power. In the course text, Controlling Environmental Pollution: An Introduction to the Technologies, History, and Ethics: authors P. Aarne Vesilind and Thomas D. DiStefano describe activated carbon adsorption as a method of BOD removal (2006). The authors also go on to describing the process as an added advantage...
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...Air Quality Rod Taylor Trident University Dr. Persaud Write a 2-3 page paper in which you do the following: 1. Describe the common health problems associated with indoor and outdoor air pollution in urban settings. 2. Describe why children are more vulnerable to the effects of air pollutants. 3. Describe how you (as a Health Educator and consultant in this multi-disciplinary team), would assist the nurse to plan and implement a program that will reduce the exposure of this community to air pollution as well as reduce the impact of air pollution on the health of children. In your response, make sure to include preventive steps that can be taken by the community (home and school, for example) to reduce the exposure of children to air pollutants. Please be sure to support your opinion with evidence from the literature. Assignment Expectations: Use information from the modular background readings as well as any good quality resource you can find. LENGTH: 2-3 pages typed and double-spaced, in addition to a cover page. Air Quality Air pollution is a major problem, especially in urban areas where there are relatively more sources of pollution. In this regard, considering the pollution in general has negative impacts on health, people living in urban areas tend to suffer more from the negative consequences of air pollution than people living in rural areas. It is highly beneficial to understand the health problems linked to urban air pollution...
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... In Research II Apas National High School Apas, Cebu City August 2012 Mrs. Jannis May V. Antolijao Research Adviser Abstract A cigarette filter is used to strain the dangerous ingredients of the cigarette. Most Filipinos are smokers or cigarette users which is part of their fashion, but sad to say that they just throw their waste anywhere and because of this habit we are challenged to help our beloved country on its campaign against improper disposal of garbage. The aim of this research is to find a cheaper and readily available alternative for glue, because glue is useful product especially to us students. The researchers utilized the T-test method. Fifteen pieces of cigarette filter were collected and gathered. The cover that attached in the filter was removed. Then, the filter was wash by water....
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...From a young age, children are told by their parents and teachers that smoking is bad. When I was in kindergarden, each child was given a contract to sign saying when we turned 18 we wouldn't start smoking. Obviously this is a silly and ineffective way to get kids not to smoke, but of course they had good reasons. These days, no one can claim to be ignorant of the negative health effects caused by smoking, but this awareness doesn't seem to be doing much to hurt the industry – in a paper published by the World Health Organization, over 1.2 billion people smoke worldwide. That's only slightly less than the population of China. However, many remain unaware of the consequences the tobacco industry has on the environment. In fact, the entire life cycle of a cigarette is damaging to the ecosystem, beginning in the fields where tobacco is grown, during cigarette production and consumption, and after the filter is disposed of. Everyone over the age of eighteen, at least in the US, has the right to choose whether or not to smoke, but I believe that to take steps to fix this environmental mess we've put ourselves in, first we must be informed of the effect we have. Tobacco is one of the most environmentally irresponsible crops to grow. According to The Smoke Ring: The Politics of Tobacco by Peter Taylor, tobacco is a weak plant that requires a great deal of pesticides. Tobacco also causes severe nutrient depletion in the soil, necessitating regular chemical fertilizing. Besides heavily...
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...as: • The Australian Safety and Compensation Council (ASCC), 2005-2009 • The National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (NOHSC), 1985- 2005 NOHSC was initially assigned the task of assessing and setting workplace exposure limits for Australia. The exposure database NOHSC employed was originally obtained from: • The American Conference of Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) • The United Kingdom Health and Safety Executive (HSE) The initial exposure limits were acquired from these organisations because of the wealth of experience and research that both America and the UK had with occupational exposures. The ACGIH specified exposure limits as Threshold Limit Values (TLV). These values were derived from animal and human research as well as industry knowledge and epidemiology. Safe Work Australia creates exposure standards based on a range of information from work health and safety statistics to continuing formal research on exposures to substances found in the workplace. A significant increase in harmful health effects from a specific substance through statistical analysis prompts SWA to assess the current exposure limit to determine whether it needs to be controlled to protect the workforce. Proposed exposure limit changes are then put out into the community for feedback. Exposure Standards listed under the NOHSC Adopted National Exposure Standards for Atmospheric Contaminants in the Occupational Environment (NOHSC: 1003, 1995) are then used as the limits for...
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...The aim of this paper is to develop a de-noising system and evaluate the effect of wavelet de-noising processing for underwater acoustic signals. Noise hampers sonar data collection and related processing of the data to extract information since many of the signals of interest are of short duration and of relatively low energy. Underwater signal transmission is a challenging task since the usable frequency range is limited to low frequency and the transmission of electromagnetic waves is impossible due to its high attenuation...
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...A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a p–n junction diode, which emits light when activated.[4]When a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence, and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy band gap of the semiconductor. An LED is often small in area (less than 1 mm2) and integrated optical components may be used to shape its radiation pattern.[5] Appearing as practical electronic components in 1962,[6] the earliest LEDs emitted low-intensity infrared light. Infrared LEDs are still frequently used as transmitting elements in remote-control circuits, such as those in remote controls for a wide variety of consumer electronics. The first visible-light LEDs were also of low intensity, and limited to red. Modern LEDs are available across the visible,ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths, with very high brightness. Early LEDs were often used as indicator lamps for electronic devices, replacing small incandescent bulbs. They were soon packaged into numeric readouts in the form of seven-segment displays, and were commonly seen in digital clocks. Recent developments in LEDs permit them to be used in environmental and task lighting. LEDs have many advantages over incandescent light sources including lower energy consumption, longer lifetime...
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...Importance of Research When writing college papers, grants or just presentations for work research is the most important process of the writing process. This paper will discuss the three segments of the TEDTalks: Award –Winning Teenage Science in Action video. The three segments discuss carcinogens, chemotherapy and asthma. Segment 1 Lauren Hodge conducted a research study on carcinogens in grilled chicken. The hypothesis developed by Lauren was “could possibly the carcinogens be decreased due to a marinade and could it be due to the differences in pH?” ( ). This topic was important to Lauren, because while in the doctor’s office she read an article that discussed a lawsuit pertaining to California’s Proposition 65. The magazine article discussed the hidden danger of carcinogens in the food we eat. Lauren was surprised to find that more people had no idea about the dangers of carcinogens in our food. Lauren collected data for analyzation in three different stages. In the first stage Lauren marinated all of the chicken at home in five different marinades. The second stage was completed at Penn State University and she extracted the chemicals, changed the pH, and ran it through the lab equipment which in turn separated the compounds. In the third and final stage Lauren ran the samples through a high pressure liquid chromatography mass spectrometer, which separated the compounds and analyzed the chemicals, and told her exactly how much carcinogens she had in the chicken. Lauren’s...
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...Autopilots for Small Fixed-Wing Unmanned Air Vehicles: A Survey Haiyang Chao† , Yongcan Cao† , YangQuan Chen† † Center for Self-Organizing and Intelligent Systems (CSOIS) Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering 4160 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-4160, USA {chao, yongcan}@cc.usu.edu, yqchen@ece.usu.edu Abstract— This paper presents a survey of the autopilot systems for small fixed-wing unmanned air vehicles (UAVs). The UAV flight control basics are introduced first. The radio control system and autopilot control system are then explained from both hardware and software viewpoints. Several typical commercial off-the-shelf autopilot packages are compared in detail. In addition, some research autopilot systems are introduced. Finally, conclusions are made with a summary of the current autopilot market and a remark on the future development.This paper presents a survey of the autopilot systems for small fixed-wing unmanned air vehicles (UAVs). The UAV flight control basics are introduced first. The radio control system and autopilot control system are then explained from both hardware and software viewpoints. Several typical commercial offthe-shelf autopilot packages are compared in detail. In addition, some research autopilot systems are introduced. Finally, conclusions are made with a summary of the current autopilot market and a remark on the future development. Index Terms— Autopilot systems, autonomous navigation, unmanned air vehicle (UAV), remotely piloted vehicle...
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...TermPaperWarehouse.com - Free Term Papers, Essays and Research Documents The Research Paper Factory Join Search Browse Saved Papers Home Page » Business and Management Automotive Industry Philippines In: Business and Management Automotive Industry Philippines EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1. To explore the history of the automotive industry in the Philippines 2. To examine the implications of various laws and regulations, whether domestic or international, on the local automotive industry 3. To provide and survey the current profile of the industry 4. To analyze the problems and challenges significantly affecting the industry, especially those which are economic in nature 5. To provide various recommendations that would address the problems identified and eventually, aid in the betterment of the industry I. INTRODUCTION The Philippine automotive industry has been greatly characterized by parts and components manufacturing as a result of its participation in production sharing. Parts and components manufacturing accounts for more than 80 percent, while motor vehicle assembly accounts for about 17 percent of the local automotive industry. The components sector consists of: metalworking, rubber, seats and trims, plastics, electrical, and others. The components sector manufactures the following parts: * Suspension: tires steel rims, aluminum wheels, leaf and coil springs *...
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...HVAC Design for Cleanroom Facilities Course No: M06-008 Credit: 6 PDH A. Bhatia Continuing Education and Development, Inc. 9 Greyridge Farm Court Stony Point, NY 10980 P: (877) 322-5800 F: (877) 322-4774 info@cedengineering.com HVAC FOR CLEANROOM FACILITIES Indoor air quality is of paramount importance for human comfort and health. Air, whether it is from outside or re-circulated within the area, acts as a vehicle for airborne contaminants brought in by the movement of people, material, etc. Since many of these airborne contaminants are harmful either to products or people working in such environments their removal is necessary on medical, legal, social or financial grounds. Cleanrooms are specially constructed, environmentally controlled enclosed spaces where the concentration of airborne particles (contaminants) is kept within specified limits. In industry, cleanrooms are used in the manufacturing of electronic hardware such as integrated circuits (ICs) and hard drives. In biotechnology and medicine, cleanrooms are used when it is necessary to ensure an environment free of bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens. Four fundamental rules apply to cleanrooms. 1) First, contaminants must not be introduced into the controlled environment from the outside. 2) Second, the apparatus or equipment within the controlled environment must not generate or otherwise give rise to contaminants (for example as a result of friction, chemical reactions, or biological processes). 3) Third...
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...to get by for themselves. The only concerns they have are paying their bills on time, taking care of their family, keeping their job, and being happy. People are contemplating the fact that they are just one person, and the changes they make won’t make a difference so why should it matter. (Savage) If this mind set of people changes then that one person will turn it to hundreds and thousands of people and differences in the environment will start to be seen. There are multiple different reasons on why you should care about the environment and what impacts it. Approximately 40% of deaths globally are cause by pollution, and the number of humans that are diagnosed with diseases from pollution are increasing. The more we are polluting our air, water, and soil, and degrading our environment the more the population is hurting. (Cornell) This chart shows deaths due to cardiovascular disease. This chart shows deaths attributable to solid fuel use. Where do pollutants come from? A clean environment is...
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...they can use solar energy. Cogeneration is possible using the cooling water that maintains the cold sink, so heat-and-power systems for homes are provided. With higher efficiencies, their quiet vibration-free operation, very low emissions when burning natural gas, simplicity, and potentially high reliability could make the Stirling engines an attractive alternative in the near future [6]. Simulation and modeling can be used to evaluate the operation of the solar Stirling engine based power generation systems. Considerable research has been performed on the modeling and control of Stirling engine systems. Most of this research, however, has been done using mechanical and thermal models of Stirling engines that neglects the electrical parts of the system [5], [7], [8]. In this research, however, a model is developed that considers the thermal, mechanical, and electrical aspects of the Stirling based power generation system. II. S YSTEM C ONFIGURATION For this research, a typical solar-powered Stirling engine power generation system is modeled and studied that is shown in Fig. 1. The solar heat is converted into the electricity by the proposed energy conversion system in...
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