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Alam Sekitar

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Pencemaran Bunyi : Berbanding dengan pencemaran air dan udara dari segi masa dahulu, pencemaran bunyi merupakan pencemaran yang paling kurang diberi perhatian oleh semua pihak. Pencemaran ini boleh dibahagikan kepada empat bahagian, iaitu kebisingan selang-seli, kebisingan selenjar, kebisingan fluktuasi, dan bunyi lantunan. Penimbulan pencemaran bunyi ini kebanyakkannya adalah disebabkan peningkatan penggunaan kenderaan di jalan raya yang membawa kepada kesesakkan lalu lintas. Ini kerana semasa mengalami masalah sesak lalu lintas, pengguna kenderaan telah menghilangkan kesabaran dan membunyikan hon kereta dengan tidak berhenti-henti. Bunyi hon kereta dan enjin kenderaan berat serta berenjin diesel inilah yang telah membawa kepada pencemaran bunyi. Bunyi berkenaan yang kuat ini telah mengganggu kehidupan orang di sekeliling secara langsung. Di samping itu, antara puncanya yang lain adalah akibat dari kerja-kerja di tapak pembinaan akan menghasilkan bunyi-bunyi. Bunyi-bunyi tersebut datang dari bunyi jentera dan mesin yang besar seperti mesin gerudi menghasilkan bunyi yang nyaring dan kuat serta bising telah menyebabkan pencermaran bunyi. Hal ini kerana bunyi tersebut telah melebihi had yang ditetapkan bagi pendengaran manusia iaitu 80 desibel. Terdapat juga pelbagai strategi bagi mengurangkan pencermaran bunyi termasuk penggunaan halangan bunyi, menghadkan kelajuan kenderaan, menukar tekstur permukaan jalan, menghadkan kenderaan berat, menggunakan kawalan trafik yang melicinkan aliran trafik bagi mengurangkan brek dan pecutan, dan reka bentuk tayar. Selain itu, faktor penting dalam perlaksanaan strategi ini adalah model komputer bagi bunyi jalan, yang mampu menangani topografi, meteorology, operasi trafik dan pengurangan hipotesis tempatan. Kos membina pengurangan bina dalam adalah serdahana, tertakluk kepada penyelesaian ini difikirkan pada tahap perancangan projek laluan jalan.

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Pencemaran Bunyi. 2010. Alam Sekitar, [blog] 17th September, Available at: http://sayangialamsekitar.blogspot.com/2010/09/pencemaran-bunyi.html [Accessed: 27 Aug 2013].

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