...A study on the franchising opportunities and the barriers to it in Pakistan A Proposal Submitted by: Faizan mujtaba malik TP027822 BA (hons).International Business Management In Partial fulfilment of requirements of the programme Bachelors of Arts in International Business Management Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation 06-11-2013 Abstract Recently countries over the world have been in a very fast economic development race with the most modern and appropriate strategies and technologies. However, franchising has been of the most successful and useful strategies that helped in the development and improvement of countries. On the other hand Pakistan is one of the developing countries that suffer from the lack of such strategies and technologies that would play the role in the economic development of the country. This report provides an overview of franchising strategy with its advantages and drawbacks. Moreover the report is about the market in Pakistan and provides a much clear image of the environmental factors and current situation in the country. The aim of research is to study the opportunities of franchising in Pakistan as well as the challenges that organizations face in the market of Pakistan specially in franchising. The research focuses on the environmental factors, political and social and cultural factors and its impact on the franchising market in Pakistan. The report also focuses on how technology and infrastructure can...
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...كـليـة إدارة الأعــمـال College of Business Administration Written by: Abdalaziz Saad Alamry ID number: JAB083 Course code: HRM 450 Section number: (1) Subject: Research on “Is Executive Compensation Fair?” Is Executive Compensation Fair? Executive pay (also executive compensation), is financial compensation received by an officer of a firm. It is typically a mixture of salary, bonuses, shares of and/or call options on the company stock, benefits, and perquisites, ideally configured to take into account government regulations, tax law, the desires of the organization and the executive, and rewards for performance. Over the past three decades, executive pay has risen dramatically relative to that of an average worker's wage in the United States, and to a lesser extent in some other countries. Observers differ as to whether this rise is a natural and beneficial result of competition for scarce business talent that can add greatly to stockholder value in large companies, or a socially harmful phenomenon brought about by social and political changes that have given executives greater control over their own pay. Executive pay is an important part of corporate governance, and is often determined by a company's board of directors. Types of compensation There are six basic tools of compensation or remuneration. * salary * short term incentives (STIs), sometimes known as bonuses * long-term incentive plans (LTIP) * employee benefits * paid...
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...CHAPTER 8 Evaluating and Terminating the Project We now come to the final stage in any project—evaluating the result and shutting down the project. As we will see, there are many ways to do both, some relatively formal, some quick and dirty, and some rather casual. We discuss evaluation first, in the generic sense, and then discuss a very specific and often formal type of evaluation known as the project audit. Following this we discuss termination of the project. 8.1 EVALUATION The term “evaluate” means to set the value of or appraise. A project evaluation appraises the progress and performance relative to the project’s initial or revised plan. The evaluation also appraises the project against the goals and objectives set for it during the selection process—amended, of course, by any changes in the goals and objectives made during the project’s life. In addition, evaluations are sometimes made relative to other similar projects. The project evaluation, however, should not be limited simply to an afterthe-fact analysis. Rather, it is useful to conduct an evaluation at a number of crucial points during the project life cycle. Because the primary purpose of a project evaluation is to give feedback to senior management for decision and control purposes, it is important for the evaluation to have credibility in the eyes of both senior management and the project team. The control purpose of evaluation is meant to improve the process of carrying out projects....
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...confidence dented by politicians .............................................................................................................. 16 BEST CROSS - BORDER M&A DEAL .................................................................................................................. 18 The Literature on Chinese Outward FDI ................................................................................................................ 19 Page 1 of 36 © 2012 Factiva, Inc. All rights reserved. Economics for Everyone: Going Global–FDI Fables–FDI in Multibrand Retail Economics for Everyone: Going Global–FDI Fables–FDI in Multibrand Retail India Infoline News Service 5,801 words 2 May 2012 Indiainfoline News Service INFOIN English Copyright © 2012. Indiainfoline Ltd. FDI- Foreign Direct Investment Context: NEWS FDI in multi-brand retail to go ahead,TNN (TIMES OF INDIA) Govt says committed to multi-brand retail FDI FE BUREAU Aviation FDI: Cautious, Centre set to take allies on board, BUSINESS STANDARD India has been ranked at the third place in global foreign direct investments in 2009 and will continue to remain among the top five attractive destinations for international investors during 2010-11, according to United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) in a report on world investment prospects titled, 'World Investment Prospects Survey 2009-2011' released in July 2009. A report released in February 2010 by Leeds University Business School, commissioned...
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...[pic] ACFI 3217 International Development in Accounting Comparing of the performance of Malaysia Airlines and China Southern Airlines Summary The purpose of this report was discovering and analyzing the performance of Malaysia Airlines and China Southern Airlines; and the benefits and problems in the U.S. adopting of IFRS will be mentioned. First, it evaluates the performance of Malaysia Airlines and China Southern Airlines through five ratios analysis which is profitability, liquidity/solvency, working capital efficiency, long term financial structure and investors’ perspective. Next, on basic of part one analysis, discuss the limitations of financial reporting, meanwhile, companies from different countries which are using different accounting standards should be noticed. Follow on; depend on the situation of financial report, using the SWOT methods to analyze the primary challenges faced by Malaysia Airlines and China Southern Airlines. Finally, discuss the positive and negative of U.S. adopting IFRS. Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Ratio analysis of the MAS and CZ 1 3. SWTO analysis of the MAS and the CZ 12 3.1. Strengths 12 3.2. Weaknesses 13 3.3. Opportunities 15 3.4. Threats 16 4. The benefits and problems if US adopt IFRS 18 5. Conclusion 26 6. Reference 27 7. Appendices 36 7.1. Appendices 1—Analysis Current Ratio 36 7.2. Appendices 2—Analysis Quick Ratio 36 7.3. Appendices...
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...Shareholders Watchdog, Inc. 777 Wall Street New York, NY 10005 December 7, 2011 RE: Is CEO Compensation Fair? Dear employee, Accompanying this letter is our completed report that discusses the issue of the fairness of current CEO compensation. Although there are two sides of this argument, recent legislation and regulations for reform tend to support those who believe it is unfair. We have evaluated the current standards of CEO compensation and examined why both sides think they should prevail. There are some advantages that strongly support CEO’s huge salaries, including the following: * Provides incentives and motivates the CEO to obtain or surpass corporate objectives * Retains key-value leaders for the long-term, resulting in consistent corporate success * Creates a strong CEO confidence for him/her to reinvest in the corporation (bonds) Our overall research indicates that CEO compensation does not reflect actual performance in most cases. Many CEO’s are grossly over compensated (including stock options, bonuses, hedge funds, and other benefits). The “Golden Parachute” guarantee adds insult to injury. Based on our research, conducted from the UNLV Library periodicals database and online sources, we recommend the following: * Require corporations to adhere to sections 951, 953, 955 and 956 of the Dodd-Frank Bill * Maintain a collective (“Esprit de corps”) work force environment for all employees * Consult third party professional...
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...Gujarat Technological University MBA Semester - IV Syllabus for MBA Programme effective from the Academic Year 2009-10 onwards The course curriculum and syllabus for MBA of Gujarat Technological University are devised considering the norms of AICTE/UGC. While preparing the syllabus, the syllabi of different national level universities/institutions have been taken into account. This syllabus has endeavoured to strike a balance between theory and practice and classic and contemporary concepts. The MBA programme of Gujarat Technological University (GTU) will be conducted on a semester basis with four semesters spread over two academic years. The duration of each semester will be around 15 weeks. In each semester there will be seven courses/subjects. In the first year all the 14 courses are compulsory. In the second year there will be three types of courses, namely, compulsory, electives and sectorial specialisation. The MBA programme will have four electives, namely, Marketing, Finance, Human Resource and Information Systems. A student can choose any one of the four electives. There will be five sectorial specialization areas, namely, Retail, Pharmaceutical and Healthcare, Rural and Cooperatives, Public Systems and Policy, and Banking and Insurance. A candidate has to opt for one of the sectorial areas. In each semester of the second year there will be three compulsory courses, three electives and one sectorial course, thus making a total of six compulsory courses, six elective...
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...Robert Johnston Stuart Chambers Christine Harland Alan Harrison Nigel Slack Cases in Operations Management third edition Cases in Operations Management We work with leading authors to develop the strongest educational materials in operations management, bringing cutting-edge thinking and best learning practice to a global market. Under a range of well-known imprints, including Financial Times Prentice Hall, we craft high quality print and electronic publications which help readers to understand and apply their content, whether studying or at work. To find out more about the complete range of our publishing, please visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoneduc.com THIRD EDITION Cases in Operations Management Robert Johnston Warwick Business School, University of Warwick Stuart Chambers Warwick Business School, University of Warwick Christine Harland School of Management, University of Bath Alan Harrison Cranfield School of Management, Cranfield University Nigel Slack Warwick Business School, University of Warwick Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM20 2JE United Kingdom and Associated Companies throughout the world Visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk First published 1993 Second published 1997 Third Edition 2003 © Robert Johnston, Stuart Chambers, Christine Harland, Alan Harrison and Nigel Slack 1993, 2003 The rights of Robert Johnston, Stuart Chambers, Christine Harland, Alan Harrison...
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...THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING ISSUES IN PHYSICAL XML DATABASE DESIGN Damien Fisher (3065680) Bachelor of Computer Science (Honours) Supervisor: Dr. Raymond Wong Submission Date: October 29, 2003 Abstract Recent years have seen a surge in the popularity of XML, a markup language for representing semistructured data. Some of this popularity can be attributed to the success that the semi-structured data model has had in environments where the relational data model has been insufficiently expressive. It is thus natural to consider native XML databases, which are designed from the ground up to support XML data. Developing a native XML database introduces many challenges, some of which we consider here. The first major problem is that XML data is ordered, whereas relational databases operate on set-based data. We examine the ordering problem in great detail in this thesis, and show that while it imposes an unavoidable performance penalty on the database, this penalty can be reduced to an acceptable level in practice. We do this by making use of type information, which is often present in XML data, and by improving existing results in the literature. XML data is frequently queried using XPath, a de facto standard query language. The importance of XPath is increasing, due to its use as a primitive in the more powerful emerging query language, XQuery. It is widely believed that the one of the most promising approaches to evaluating...
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...« Official Organ of The Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India established in year 1944 (Founder member of IFAC, SAFA and CAPA) Volume 45 No. 5 May 2010 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ IDEALS THE INSTITUTE STANDS FOR q to develop the Cost and Manage-ment Accountancy profession q to develop the body of members and properly equip them for functions q to ensure sound professional ethics q to keep abreast of new developments. The views expressed by contributors or reviewers in this Journal do not necessarily reflect the opinion of The Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India nor can the Institute by any way be held responsible for them. The contents of this journal are the copyright of The Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India, whose permission is necessary for reproduction in whole or in part. ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ the management accountant, May, 2010 Cost Management for Growth of SME in Textile Sector by R. Gopal 387 Performance Monitoring in SME Sector by I. Mohamed Ibrahim 388 Cost Management : Key to Survival in Current Global Meltdown by S. Jeyaraj 392...
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...on publications in the ACM Digital Library and IEEE Xplore, and the grants awarded by the National Science Foundation (NSF). We identify trends, bursty topics, and interesting inter-relationships between NSF awards and CS publications, finding, for example, that if an uncommonly high frequency of a specific topic is observed in publications, the funding for this topic is usually increased. We also analyze CS researchers and communities, finding that only a small fraction of authors attribute their work to the same research area for a long period of time, reflecting for instance the emphasis on novelty (use of new keywords) and typical academic research teams (with core faculty and more rapid turnover of students and postdocs). Finally, our work highlights the dynamic research landscape in CS, with its focus constantly moving to new challenges arising from new technological developments. Computer science is atypical science in that its universe evolves quickly, with a speed that is unprecedented even for engineers. Naturally, researchers follow the evolution of their artifacts by adjusting their research interests. We want to capture this vibrant co-evolution in this paper. 1 Introduction...
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...An Internship Report On “Financial Performance Analysis of Uttara Bank Limited” (Maijdee Court Branch, Noakhali) A study based on Uttara Bank Limited "Nourished by the age old heritage of Bengal” [pic] Comilla University An Internship Report On “Financial Performance Analysis of Uttara Bank Limited” An Internship Report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) Supervised By Shamem Ara Mili Assistant Professor Department of Accounting & Information Systems Faculty of Business Administration & Management Studies Comilla University . Submitted By Trina Saha Class Roll: 03; Exam Roll: 0806003 Batch: BBA (3rd Batch); Session: 2008-2009 Department of Accounting & Information Systems Comilla University Date of Submission: 10.08.2014 Dedication Letter of Transmittal August 10, 2014 Shamem Ara Mili Assistant Professor, Department of Accounting & Information Systems Comilla University, Comilla. Subject: Submission of the Internship Report. Dear Madam, With due respect, I would like to inform you that, I am Trina Saha bearing student ID: 0806003, a student of Department of Accounting & Information Systems have completed my 3 (Three) month internship at the Uttara Bank Ltd, Maijdee Court Branch under your supervision. It is my great pleasure to inform you that I have the opportunity to submit an internship...
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...Northern California Geolo Geology of Northern California Frank DeCourten Department of Earth Science Sierra College Standing more than 10,000 feet (3,000 m) above the surrounding terrain, Mt. Shasta is the largest volcano in northern California and symbolizes the dynamic geologic processes that have shaped a spectacular landscape. 63829_02_insidecover.qxd 11/25/08 12:53 AM Page ii ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS TO ASK Northern California.1 Introduction Ⅲ What are northern California’s physiographic provinces? Ⅲ What is the Farallon subduction zone? al Ⅲ What two types of plate boundaries exist in northern California today? th Ⅲ What are terranes, how do they originate, and why are they important in northern California? Northern California.2 The Sierra Nevada: California’s Geologic alifornia’s Ge Backbone Ⅲ What is the Sierra Nevada batholith? rra batholi Ⅲ What kinds of rocks surround the Sierra Nevada batholith? ra Ⅲ When and how was the modern Sierra Nevada uplifted? e Ⅲ What types of gold deposits occur in the Sierra Nevada? e? Ⅲ What is the Mother Lode? Northern California.3 The Klamath M Mountains t ath an Ne evada Ⅲ In what ways are the Klamath Mountains and the Sierra Nevada similar? ds ro o ath M Ⅲ What kinds of rocks comprise the ophiolites in the Klamath Mountains and what tectonic events do they signify? ineral occu th ntai Ⅲ What mineral resources occur in the Klamath Mountains? Northern California...
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...Enablers of Exuberance Jennifer S. Taub Sept. 4, 2009 DISCUSSION DRAFT Enablers of Exuberance: Legal Acts and Omissions that Facilitated the Global Financial Crisis Jennifer S. Taub1 I. Introduction This paper explores certain legal acts and omissions that facilitated the over-leveraging and near collapse of the global financial system. These ―Legal Enablers‖ fostered the boom that enriched a class of financial intermediaries who followed a storied tradition of gambling away ―other people‘s money.‖2 These mechanisms also made the pain of the bust disproportionately felt by the middle class and poor while shielding the middlemen who created the problems. These legal Enablers permitted the growth of a shadow banking system, without investment limits, transparency or government oversight. In the shadows grew a variety of highly leveraged private investment pools, undercapitalized conduits of securitized loans and speculation in complex credit derivatives. The rationale for allowing this unregulated, parallel system was that it helped to create innovation and provide liquidity. The conventional wisdom was that any risks associated with a hands-off approach could be managed by the ―invisible hand‖3 of the market. In other words, instead of public police, it relied upon private gatekeepers. A legal framework including legislation, rules and court decisions supported this system. This legal structure depended upon corporate managers, counterparties, ―sophisticated investors‖ and the...
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...Retailing in the 21st Century Manfred Krafft ´ Murali K. Mantrala (Editors) Retailing in the 21st Century Current and Future Trends With 79 Figures and 32 Tables 12 Professor Dr. Manfred Krafft University of Muenster Institute of Marketing Am Stadtgraben 13±15 48143 Muenster Germany mkrafft@uni-muenster.de Professor Murali K. Mantrala, PhD University of Missouri ± Columbia College of Business 438 Cornell Hall Columbia, MO 65211 USA mantralam@missouri.edu ISBN-10 3-540-28399-4 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN-13 978-3-540-28399-7 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Cataloging-in-Publication Data Library of Congress Control Number: 2005932316 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com ° Springer Berlin ´ Heidelberg 2006 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not...
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