...Responsibility Therefore Increasing Profitability Erika Jean-Pierre Saint Leo University Abstract This review of literature will explore seven peer reviewed articles that report on results from research conducted on how companies use corporate advertising to increase awareness of corporate social responsibility thus increasing profitability. More specifically focusing on the advantages of corporate social responsibility and the positive benefits in profitability. This review of literature will incorporate various companies and industries from coffee, grocery, amusement parks, cars, oil production, alcohol, and casinos. It will analyze how corporate communication of corporate social responsibility enhances market share and drive increased profits. Companies use Corporate Advertising to increase awareness of Corporate Social Responsibility Therefore Increasing Profitability Numerous studies have been conducted on corporate advertising to increase awareness of corporate social responsibility and increased profitability for business. Companies use corporate advertising to strengthen their identities and create a favorable mental picture in consumer’s mindset. On average, companies spend millions of dollars each year in their marketing budgets toward corporate advertising. With corporate advertising, companies are not necessarily looking to sell a product or service, but rather the company itself and its reputation. They are seeking to gain a particular corporate...
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...Research lacks real proof of this link and corporations are failing in formulating a business case. So why is it that MNCs are willing to engage in CSR activities. In the following thesis I would like to give an answer on this question. Inhoudsopgave 1. Introduction 5 1.1 Research Purpose 6 1.2 Problem Statement 6 1.3 Sub questions 7 1.4 Structure 7 2. Theory 8 2.1 Definition CSR 8 2.2 Definition Multinational Corporation (MNC) 9 2.3 Theoretical Framework (Garigga & Mele (2004)) 10 2.3.1 Instrumental theories 10 2.3.2 Political theories 12 2.3.3 Integrative theories 13 2.3.4 Ethical theories 14 2.3.5 Propositions 16 3. Methods 18 3.1 Research approach 18 4. Results 19 4.1 Instrumental motive 20 4.2 Political motive 20 4.3 Integrative motive 21 4.4 Ethical motive 22 5. Conclusion & Recommendation 24 5.1 Conclusion 24 5.2 Limitations & Recommendation 27 6. References 28 1. Introduction Corporate social responsibility is becoming more and more important for companies. The last few years there is an increase of interest from companies in CSR and in the implementation of different CSR activities in their day-to-day businesses. In general, corporate social responsibility encompasses the responsibilities that businesses have towards society. These responsibilities can vary from acting by compliance with the law to creating community groups. The increase of interest in CSR emerges from the increase of attention that...
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...Spotlight Making a Real Difference by Michael E. Porter and Mark R. Kramer Strategy G & Society The Link Between Competitive Advantage and Corporate Social Responsibility overnments, activists, and the media have become adept at holding companies to account for the social consequences of their activities. Myriad organizations rank companies on the performance of their corporate social responsibility (CSR), and, despite sometimes questionable methodologies, these rankings attract considerable publicity. As a result, CSR has emerged as an inescapable priority for business leaders in every country. Many companies have already done much to improve the social and environmental consequences of their activities, yet these efforts have not been nearly as productive as they could be – for two reasons. First, they pit business against society, when clearly the two are interdependent. Second, they pressure companies to think of corporate social responsibility in generic ways instead of in the way most appropriate to each firm’s strategy. harvard business review | hbr.org DOUG FRASER 78 HBR Spotlight Making a Real Difference The fact is, the prevailing approaches to CSR are so fragmented and so disconnected from business and strategy as to obscure many of the greatest opportunities for companies to benefit society. If, instead, corporations were to analyze their prospects for social responsibility using the same frameworks that guide their core business choices,...
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...Ethical Code and CSR activities: DEFINITION of 'Code of Ethics' A code of ethics document may outline the mission and values of the business or organization, how professionals are supposed to approach problems, the ethical principles based on the organization's core values and the standards to which the professional will be held. A guide of principles designed to help professionals conduct business honestly and with integrity. A code of ethics document may outline the mission and values of the business or organization, how professionals are supposed to approach problems, the ethical principles based on the organization's core values and the standards to which the professional will be held. Corporate social responsibility Corporate social responsibility (CSR, also called corporate conscience, corporate citizenship or responsible business) is a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model. “By Mallen Baker” One of the most frequently asked questions at this site - and probably for all those individuals and organizations dealing with CSR issues is the obvious - just what does 'Corporate Social Responsibility' mean anyway? Is it a stalking horse for an anti-corporate agenda? Something which, like original sin, you can never escape? Or what? Different organizations have framed different definitions - although there is considerable common ground between them. My own definition is that CSR is about how companies manage the business processes to produce...
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...CSR 2014 www.educationpost.com.hk/csr2014 MBAs and social responsibility The green trend in business Lowdown on courses and events Hong Kong Brazil Singapore Miami Manchester Shanghai Dubai 25 Nobel Prize Winners 22 4 Top in Hong Kong * | World 34 # | 6th in UK * | 14th in Europe * years in Hong Kong 3 Accreditations + Registration No. 250144. It is a matter of discretion for individual employers to recognise any qualification to which this course may lead. Source: * Financial Times ranking 2014 # Financial Times 3 year average rank (2012-14) + Part of 1% of business schools to be awarded tripe accreditation status (AMBA, EQUIS, AACSB) Original Thinking Applied CONTENTS CSR 2014 04 The Trend The rise of CSR in business education 07 Case Study 10 Teaching CSR 14 16 18 Event The green trend in business Advertorial Economy MBAs and social responsibility Industry 08 CSR 2014 Lowdown on courses and events Oil companies and MBAs: a pipeline for corporate social responsibility www.educationpost.com.hk/csr2014 MBS stresses importance of social responsibility Teaching China’s business leaders the importance of CSR PolyU means business when it comes to creating a better world 04 07 08 10 14 16 18 Corporate social responsibility will revitalise the world’s economy CUHK CSR case competition winner will be awarded a Swire...
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...Advantage and Corporate Social Responsibility by Michael E. Porter and Mark R. Kramer COPYRIGHT © 2006 HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Governments, activists, and the media have become adept at holding companies to account for the social consequences of their activities. Myriad organizations rank companies on the performance of their corporate social responsibility (CSR), and, despite sometimes questionable methodologies, these rankings attract considerable publicity. As a result, CSR has emerged as an inescapable priority for business leaders in every country. Many companies have already done much to improve the social and environmental consequences of their activities, yet these efforts have not been nearly as productive as they could be—for two reasons. First, they pit business against society, when clearly the two are interdependent. Second, they pressure companies to think of corporate social responsibility in generic ways instead of in the way most appropriate to each firm’s strategy. The fact is, the prevailing approaches to CSR are so fragmented and so disconnected from business and strategy as to obscure many of the greatest opportunities for companies to benefit society. If, instead, corporations were to analyze their prospects for social responsibility using the same frameworks that guide their core business choices, they would discover that CSR can be much more than a cost, a constraint, or a charitable deed—it can be a...
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...These are management of their relations with customers, workforce, suppliers and the community; of our performance in respect of the environment, human rights and health and safety and of adherence to rigorous standards of business conduct. The CSR policy sets out how they approach business and how they deal with people in pursuing our business. WHY AVIVA PRACTICE CSR Aviva practice CSR because they believe that it is the right way to go about business. In their opinion, you do not put a price or a cost on good ethics. You practice it simply because it is the right thing to do programme. They regard it as an investment in building organizational strength for today and durability for tomorrow. In all senses, it builds value. In their view, the practice of CSR enhances the business performance both in the short and the long term. It also increasingly engages our employees, our investors and our customers. AVIVA BOARD The Aviva board reviews the policy, programme, progress and plans annually. The Aviva board has given local CEOs to review CSR progress annually. The group chief executive is the executive sponsor of the CSR reports to him via the company group secretary. The chairman takes regular reports on CSR during the year. The group chief executive has further required the director of CSR to challenge, when necessary, any group matter from a CSR perspective. Each CSR policy has a primary “owner” responsible for promoting, co-ordinating and monitoring progress across...
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...NGO Engagement with the Private Sector on a Global Agenda to End Poverty: A Review of the Issues A Background Paper for The Learning Circle on NGO Engagement with the Private Sector Canadian Council for International Cooperation Policy Team Moira Hutchinson January 2000 Acknowledgements: This paper was prepared by Moira Hutchinson as an introductory paper to issues for the CCIC’s Learning Circle on NGO Engagement with the Private Sector. CCIC is grateful to the IDRC’s Canadian Partnerships Program for funding for the Learning Circle, including the production of this paper. The author wishes to express appreciation for the editing and other assistance provided by Brian Tomlinson of the CCIC, and for suggestions from other members of the planning group for the Learning Circle: Andrea Botto, Anne Buchanan, Tim Draimin, Philippe Jean, Brian Murphy and Lynda Yanz. 2 NGO Engagement with the Private Sector on a Global Agenda to End Poverty : A Review of the Issues Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. What is this discussion really about? 2 3. Canadian NGOs: issues in advocacy, dialogue and partnership 3 3.1 Advocacy 3 3.2 Direct dialogue 6 3.3 Programming social partnerships and strategic alliances 8 3.3.1 What is driving the discussion of social programming partnerships and strategic alliances? a) Corporate interests b) Intermediary organizations c) NGO interests d) Government agendas e) Overlapping NGO-corporate interests? 10 10 11 12 13 14 3.3.2 Financial relationships...
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...Although the idea was considered in the early part of the twentieth century, the modern discussion of social responsibility got a major impetus with the book "Social Responsibilities of the Businessman" by Howard R. Bowen. Bowen suggested that business should consider the social implications of their decisions. Fortune magazine annually assess America's most Admired Corporations and does so by evaluating over 300 organisations against 8 criteria, one of the eight used is "Community and Environmental Responsibility". Firms such as Merck, Rubber maid, Procter and Gamble, Wal-mart, Pepsico, Coca-cola and 3 M have received consistently high overall ratings. The presence of strong social values such as social responsibility has a powerful impact on organisations and their actions. It leads them to use a socio-economic model of decision making in which both social costs and benefits are considered along with the traditional economic and technical values. “Corporate social responsibility in the form of corporate philanthropy, or donating to charities, has been practiced since early 1800 at least in the US (Sethi, 1977). It was legitimate in so far that it directly benefited the shareholders, and corporate donations were mostly on the agenda of those companies that could afford it. Today’s concept of corporate social responsibility was developed primarily during the 1960s in the USA with the notion that corporations have responsibilities that go beyond their legal obligations. ...
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...Misery Loves Companies: Whither Social Initiatives by Business? Joshua D. Margolis Harvard University jmargolis@hbs.edu 617-495-6444 James P. Walsh University of Michigan jpwalsh@umich.edu 734-936-2768 December 16, 2002 We want to thank Christine Oliver, our three anonymous reviewers, Paul Adler, Howard Aldrich, Alan Andreasen, Jim Austin, Charles Behling, Mary Gentile, Tom Gladwin, Morten Hansen, Stu Hart, Nien-he Hsieh, Linda Lim, Nitin Nohria, Lynn Paine, Gail Pesyna, Rob Phillips, Lance Sandelands, Debora Spar, Joe White, Richard Wolfe and the students in Jim Walsh’s “The Corporation in Society” Ph.D. seminar for their constructive comments on earlier versions of this paper. We also want to thank Marguerite Booker, John Galvin and Nichole Pelak for their helpful research assistance. The Harvard Business School, the University of Michigan Business School, and the Aspen Institute’s Initiative for Social Innovation through Business provided invaluable support for this project. Misery Loves Companies: Whither Social Initiatives by Business? Abstract Companies are increasingly being asked to provide innovative solutions to deep-seated problems of human misery. Organization and management scholarship can play an important role in understanding and guiding possible corporate responses. Theory and research to date have sought to reconcile possible corporate responses with economic premises about the purpose of the firm. Our goals in this paper are to reorient the...
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...JTB_Journal of Technology and Business. October 2007 Ethical Leadership Makes the Right Decisions Magdy Hussein Faculty, Northwestern Polytechnic University ABSTRACT This paper defines business leadership, review different types of leadership and examine how leadership ethics add great values and weight when making a business decision. The ethical scandals that have occurred in the last ten years have shaken the image of Corporate America. Leadership is on the test when business operators make competitive, strategic and tactical decisions that affect both stockholders and stakeholders such as downsizing and outsourcing. Ethical and moral obligations toward both parties require more than leadership with management skills and influential charisma. It entails visionary wisdom that makes possible moral decisions in the best interest of everyone involved. Key words: Leadership, Managerial Leader, Charismatic Leader, Transformational Leader, Strategic Leadership, Ethical leadership, Stakeholders, Corporate Social Responsibility Ethical leadership combines ethical behavior and ethical decision-making and is required by both individuals and organizations. One major responsibility of a leader is to build a foundation of ethical organizational behavior through ethical decisions and to differentiate between leadership compliance with codes of ethics and leadership values of business ethics’ practice. There is a need to synthesize these differences and evaluate the degree to which...
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...through fiscal incentives to subsidize EPZs. This is a revenue loss to the governemnt, and such budgetary impact have implications on other government development programmes. Secondly, though EPZs strategy may look impressive, it may be constrained by the level of competiton created by liberalization, therefore, identifying challenges and limitations facing the regime in the competitive environment encouraged by free trade regime is important to enhance its sustainability.Thirdly, there is evidence elsewhere that it is mainly cheap labour and excellent infrastructure but not fiscal incenntives that attract export-oriented FDI.A proof will provide a lesson and new experince in the context of this study.Lastly, Tanzania experience on EPZ has not been explored enough partly due to the newness of the phenomenon in the country. One implication from these arguments is that due to high costs involved in establishing and maintaining EPZs, continuing to rely on the strategy if desired outcomes are not achieved satisfactorily is a wastage of resources.In such circumstances, government should address the obstacles more strategically, or resort to alternative strategies Tanzania,...
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...that should be answered as part of any complete case analysis. The heart of any case analysis is the recommendations made based upon a solid logical foundation. The questions dealing with Problem and Issue Identification and Analysis and Evaluation should be used to define and then defend recommendations made in the final Recommendations step. Guidelines for Analyzing Cases Problem and Issue Identification 1. What are the central facts of the case? What assumptions are you making about these facts? 2. What is the major overriding issue in the case? What major question or issues does this case address that merits study at this point in the course? 3. What sub-issues or related issues are present in the case that merit consideration now? Analysis and Evaluation 1. Who are the stakeholders in the case and what are their stakes? What challenges, threats or opportunities are posed by these stakeholders? 2. What economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities does the company have, and what is the nature and extent of these responsibilities? 3. If the case involves company actions, evaluate what the company did or did not do in handling the issue affecting it. Recommendations 1. What recommendations do you have for this case? If a company's strategies or actions are involved, should the company have acted as it did? What action should the company take now? Why?...
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...11 12 14 17 25 28 31 ACKnoWleDgement ACCA would like to thank and acknowledge the contribution and support of the distinguished panel of judges, AccountAbility, Bursa Malaysia Berhad, CorporateRegister.com, The Department of Environment (DOE), The Edge Business Weekly, The Edge Financial Daily and last but not least all participating companies in the Awards. We believe that the participating companies deserve recognition for leading the way to identify and communicate their environmental and social performance. Companies such as these are contributing towards the advancement of sustainable development and performance. 3 introduction Welcome to the ACCA report of the Judges for the malaysia sustainability reporting Awards (masrA) 2011. ACCA and our supporting partners for the masrA 2011 would like to thank all the companies that participated this year. Since the last ACCA MaSRA, the world of corporate social responsibility and sustainability reporting has been undergoing tremendous change. This is reflected in the various developments on the international and local front. Nationally, Bursa Malaysia remains a key driver of sustainability reporting for corporate Malaysia. Following the development of the CSR framework in 2006, Bursa Malaysia launched the sustainability portal and Guide for Directors in 2010. This initiative recognises that the sustainability agenda needs to be driven from the boardroom and embedded within a corporate strategy. The...
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...Prepared For M. Nazmul Amin Majumdar Course Instructor BRACU Business School BRAC University Prepared By Shiab Khan (13164039) Sanzida Parvin (13164025) Tanzir Islam (13164087) SK Yaishi Binte Zaman (12264035) Ahammed Riaz(13164009) Date of Submission: April 2, 2015 BHP Billiton Limited Introduction: BHP Billiton is world’s largest diversified natural resources company. The company was created by the merger of two companies, BHP Ltd (An Australian mining company) and Billiton PLC (An UK based Company). BHP Billiton has created long time share holder value through the discovery, acquisition and development of natural resources. In the last few years, BHP Billiton has faced some governance challenges in conducting their business around the world. For overcoming those challenges several strategic drivers has been taken by BHP Billiton. This report mainly focused on external and internal environment, strength and weakness, Governance challenges and strategic drivers of BHP Billiton. Overview of BHP Billiton: BHP Billiton is a Dual Listed Company (DLC) comprising BHP Billiton Limited and BHP Billiton Plc. BHP Billiton was created through the DLC merger of BHP Limited (now BHP Billiton Limited) and Billiton Plc (now BHP Billiton Plc), which was concluded on 29 June 2001. BHP Billiton is a leading global resources company. The purpose is to create long-term shareholder value through the discovery, acquisition, development and marketing of natural resources. BHP Billiton are among...
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