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“To Autumn”
It has been postulated that John Keats composed his poem, “To Autumn” after a stroll he had on an autumnal evening near the town of Winchester in Hampshire England. This poem is an ode in which Keats adeptly uses formal language, highly vivid and effective images along with the use of personification to describe three different aspects of autumn: its fruitfulness, its labour and its ultimate decline. Undoubtedly, Keats poem, “To Autumn” is a subtle and sophisticated one. Evidently, the title of the poem is different from that of other odes. Normally, an ode’s title begins with, “Ode to…” which provides a hint to certain characteristics of an ode; that is, being dignified and serious. However, the title of Keats, “To Autumn” suggests a less formal form of poetry and hints at intimacy. The level of intimacy is evident especially in the first stanza of the poem in which the sun and autumn is seen conspiring to bring about fruitfulness. Additionally, on the surface the poem seems like a mere description of the main characteristics of autumn’s human and animal activities, but can be interpreted as much more than that. Keats “To Autumn” consists of three stanzas corresponding to the classical divisions of strophe, antistrophe and epode. Each of the stanzas has eleven lines with variable rhyme scheme. The first stanza has a pattern of ABABCDEDCCE, while the second and third stanzas have a pattern of, ABABCDECDDE. However, there is uniformity in the first four lines of each stanza, because they all share the same rhyme scheme of ABAB. Additionally, the poem is metered in a relatively precise iambic pentameter and describes the progression through the season of autumn, from the last maturation of the crops or early autumn, “For summer has o’er brimm’d”, to the harvest or mid-autumn and to the last days of autumn where the birds are headed south and winter is

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