What is android?

• Android is a Linux-based operating system designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. It is currently developed by Google in conjunction with the Open Handset Alliance. Initially developed by Android Inc, whom Google financially backed and later purchased in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007 along with the founding of the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 86 hardware, software, and telecommunication companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices. 1. History Androids?

• Android beta i. The Android beta was released on 5 November 2007, while the software developer's kit (SDK) was released on 12 November 2007. • Android 1.0 i. Android 1.0, the first commercial version of the software, was released on 23 September 2008. The first Android device, the HTC Dream. • Android 1.1 i. On 9 February 2009, the Android 1.1 update was released, initially for the HTC Dream only. Android 1.1 was known as "Petit Four" internally, though this name was not used officially. The update resolved bugs, changed the API and added a number of features. • Android 1.5 Cupcake i. On 30 April 2009, the Android 1.5 update was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.27. This was the first release to officially use a name based on a dessert ("Cupcake"), a theme which would be used for all releases henceforth. The update included several new features and UI amendments. • Android 1.6 Donut i. On 15 September 2009, the Android 1.6 SDK – dubbed Donut – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29. Included in the update were numerous new features. • Android 2.0/2.1 Eclair i. On 26 October 2009, the Android 2.0 SDK – codenamed Eclair – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29. • Android 2.2.x Froyo i. On 20 May 2010, Android 2.2 (Froyo, short for Frozen Yogurt) SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.32. • Android 2.3.x Gingerbread i. On 6 December 2010, the Android 2.3 (Gingerbread) SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.35. • Android 3.x Honeycomb i. On 22 February 2011, the Android 3.0 (Honeycomb) SDK – the first tablet-only Android update – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.36. The first device featuring this version, the Motorola Xoom tablet, was released on 24 February 2011. • Android 4.0.x Ice Cream Sandwich i. The SDK for Android 4.0.1 (Ice Cream Sandwich), based on Linux kernel 3.0.1, was publicly released on 19 October 2011. Google's Gabe Cohen stated that Android 4.0 was "theoretically compatible" with any Android 2.3.x device in production at that time. The source code for Android 4.0 became available on 14 November 2011. The update introduced numerous new features. • Android 4.1/4.2 Jelly Bean i. Google announced Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean) at the Google I/O conference on 27 June 2012. Based on Linux kernel 3.0.31, Jelly Bean was an incremental update with the primary aim of improving the functionality and performance of the user interface. The performance improvement involved "Project Butter", which uses touch anticipation, triple buffering, extended vsync timing and a fixed frame rate of 60 fps to create a fluid and "buttery-smooth" UI. Android 4.1 Jelly Bean was released to the Android Open Source Project on 9 July 2012, and the Nexus 7 tablet, the first device to run Jelly Bean, was released on 13 July 2012. ii. Google was expected to announce Jelly Bean 4.2 at an event in New York City on 29 October 2012, but the event was cancelled due to Hurricane Sandy. The new version was announced with a press release instead of rescheduling the live event, under the slogan "A new flavor of Jelly Bean". The first devices to run Android 4.2 were the LG's Nexus 4 and Samsung's Nexus 10, which were released on 13 November 2012. 2. Two example of basic java program. a. Hello World! class HelloWorld { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Hello World!"); } }

b. Welcome to Java!!! class Welcome { public static void main(String args[]) { System.out.println(" Welcome to Java!!! "); } }