...Anemia Anemia is a condition in which you don't have enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your tissues. Having anemia may make you feel exhausted. There are many forms of anemia, each with its own cause. Anemia can be temporary or long term, and it can range from mild to severe. See your doctor if you suspect you have anemia, because anemia can be a sign of serious illnesses. Treatments for anemia range from taking supplements to undergoing medical procedures. You may be able to prevent some types of anemia by eating a healthy, varied diet. Symptoms Signs and symptoms vary depending on the cause of your anemia, but may include: * Fatigue * Pale skin * A fast or irregular heartbeat * Shortness of breath * Chest pain * Dizziness * Cognitive problems * Cold hands and feet * Headache Initially, anemia can be so mild it goes unnoticed. But signs and symptoms increase as anemia worsens. Causes Anemia occurs when your blood doesn't have enough red blood cells. This could result if: 1. Your body doesn't make enough red blood cells 2. Bleeding causes you to lose red blood cells more quickly than they can be replaced 3. Your body destroys red blood cells Risk factors 1. A diet lacking in certain vitamins. Choosing a diet that is consistently low in iron, vitamin B-12 and folate increases your risk of anemia. 2. Menstruation 3. Pregnancy 4. Chronic conditions. For example...
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...smoking tobacco. Whatever the cause may be health is extremely important and sometimes people don’t realize that until it’s too late. Some health issues that people in the United States face are anemia, Hypertension, Congestive Heart Failure, and Kidney Disease. Anemia is a lack of healthy blood cells in a person’s body. Your bone marrow is what makes red blood cells and red blood cells carry oxygen to all of your organs and tissues. The bad thing about not having healthy red blood cells is if you do not have enough healthy red blood cells, your organs and tissues may not get enough oxygen. This can make you feel extremely weak and tired. There are many causes for anemia such as excessive blood loss, excessive cell destruction (hemolysis) or deficient red blood cell production anemia. Symptoms for anemia include fatigue (tiredness), lethargy (a feeling of laziness), malaise (a vague feeling that one is not well), dyspnea (shortness of breath), poor concentration, palpitations (unpleasant irregular and or forceful beating of the heart) and lastly sensitivity to coldness. There are some other symptoms that are less common but are still symptoms that may be overlooked. A person is diagnosed with Anemia through blood test and a series of questions asked by the doctor to determine if Anemia is what you’re suffering from. The questions asked will deal with one’s diet, medical history and even the medical history of your...
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...Anemia There are more than 3.5 million people in the United States who suffer from blood deficiency. This is the statistic of the Wrong Diagnosis website. Maybe our days are so busy that we hardly have time for one of the three main meals of the day and perhaps we commonly stay up late at night trying to finish homework or trying to advance work for the next day, we feel stressed, weak and/or exhausted. The point is that we are losing a lot of energy and we do not do anything to help to replace it, so our body does not produce enough red blood cells. All of these can lead to that famous, so common and dangerous disease, Anemia. According to the National Anemia Action Council, “Anemia occurs when you have a below-normal level of hemoglobin or hematocrit. Anemia can be a temporary or long-term disease, and can range from mild to severe. If you have mild anemia, there may be no symptoms or only mild symptoms, but severe anemia can result in a major impact on the quality of life”. In other words, it can also be defined as the lack of red blood cells in our body. In the following report, I am going to give a more clear explanation about what is Anemia and I am going to focus on 6 important factors about the disease which will help clarify the understanding of it. This report will be developed in the next order: Definition, Classification, Types, Causes, and Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Cure besides other relevant information. I hope to be clear and direct with the...
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...Anemia in Chemotherapy Patients Anemia: Side Effect of Chemotherapy BIOS 260 Section B 2/4/2012 Anemia and Chemotherapy Patients For patients receiving chemotherapy, anemia can be a common side effect . The big question, though is, why is anemia a common side effect for these patients? In order to be able to answer that question, the understanding of what both anemia and chemotherapy is necessary. Once that understanding is clear, then the causes can be analyzed. From that analysis, treatments can be established. What is anemia? Generally speaking, anemia is a condition of low levels of red blood cells. Nutritional deficiency, chronic disease, and hemorrhage could all be particular causes. These conditions decrease the number of red blood cells and oxygen delivery to the cells and tissues. Anemia symptoms that a patient can experience are fatigue, energy loss, lightheadedness or dizziness, shortness of breath, headaches, pallor appearance, tachycardia and chest pain. There are many different types of anemia, such as iron deficiency, anemia of chronic disease, megaloblastic and hemolytic (Zelman, 2009). The classes that are the result of chemotherapy are iron deficiency and anemia of chronic disease. The difference is the class is based on the type of cancer that is being treated. Iron deficiency anemia is when the body does not have enough iron. When that occurs, the body will make fewer red blood cells or the red blood cells are too small. Iron deficiency...
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...Anemia hemolítica causada por químicos y toxinas La anemia hemolítica causada por químicos y toxinas es una falta de glóbulos rojos que ocurre cuando estos resultan dañados de manera excesiva por ciertos químicos o toxinas. Causas Las posibles sustancias que pueden causar la anemia hemolítica abarcan: * Fármacos antipalúdicos (compuestos de quinina) * Arsénico * Dapsona * Infusión de agua intravenosa (que no sea medio normal salina ni normal salina) * Metales (cromo/cromatos, sales de platino, compuestos de níquel, cobre, plomo, cisplatino) * Nitritos * Nitrofurantoína * Penicilina * Fenazopiridina (Pyridium) * Inmunoglobulina Rho (WinRho) * Ribavirina * Mordeduras de serpiente (el veneno de algunas serpientes contiene toxinas hemolíticas) * Sulfamidas * Sulfonas Esta lista no las incluye a todas. 1.2 Eliptocitosis Congénita Es una membranopatía que tiene como patrón característico la presencia de glóbulos rojos ovalado o elipticos, hallazgo que hasta la fecha es el principal criterio diagnóstico. Se transmite por herencia autosómica dominante y su frecuencia es de 1 x 5 000 RNV. La enfermedad tiene un notable polimorfismo clínico y molecular. Las mutaciones causantes del cuadro se pueden hallar en tres genes diferentes: 1 espectrina, espectrina y proteína 4,1(1,2). Manifestaciones Clínicas La eliptocitosis congénita se puede clasificar en cuatro grupos: a. Eliptocitosis congénita común. b. Piropoiquilocitosis...
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...Demographics The exact number of people in any country with anemia is difficult to determine because the disorder often goes undiagnosed. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), anemia affects more than 3 million Americans. Other sources estimate that 4% of men and 8% of women in the general populations of Canada, the United States, and Western Europe have mild anemia. It is thought that the rates of anemia are 2-5 times higher in the developing countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), iron deficiency is the most important nutritional disorder in the world. WHO, estimates that 80% of the world's population may be iron deficient. The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among the geriatric population is estimated at 5-15%. Although the prevalence of anemia is greater in women than men aged less than 75, by age 75, male prevalence surpasses female prevalence by about 5%. Anemia can be mild, moderate, or severe enough to lead to life-threatening complications. More than 400 different types of anemia have been identified, many of which are rare. Iron deficiency anemia The onset of iron deficiency anemia is gradual and, at first, there may not be any symptoms. The deficiency begins when the body loses more iron than it derives from food and other sources. Because depleted iron stores cannot meet the red blood cell's needs, fewer red blood cells develop. In this early stage of anemia, the red blood cells look normal but they are reduced...
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...doctors when prescribing drugs for Iron Deficiency anemia Research paper presented to SPPSPTM, NMIMS In partial fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree B.Pharm + MBA (MBA PharmaTech) By Dishali Shah A073 Academic Year 2015 - 2016 Statement by candidate This is to submit that this submission report is my report entitled “Prescription behavior of doctors when prescribing drugs for Iron Deficiency anemia” represents my ideas in my own words and where others’ ideas have been included, I have adequately cited and referenced the original sources. I also declare that I have followed all the principles of academic honesty and integrity and have not misrepresented or fabricated or falsified any idea/ data/ fact / source in my submission. I understand that any violation of the above will be a cause of strict disciplinary action by the School and can also evoke penal action from the sources, which have thus not been properly cited, or from whom proper permission has not been taken when needed. P. Score________% Signature of Student Name of Student SVKM’s NMIMS Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai-400056. SHOBHABEN PRATAPBHAI PATEL SCHOOL OF PHARMACY AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT, SVKM’s NMIMS 2 Certificate The work described in this report entitled “Prescription behavior of doctors when prescribing drugs for Iron Deficiency anemia” has been carried out by Ms. Dishali J. Shah under...
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...Iron Deficiency Anemia Gretchen Tai see Chamberlain College of Nursing NR 281 Pathophysiology Professor Patton 29 May 2015 Iron deficiency anemia is a common easily treated condition that occurs if you don’t have enough iron in your body. The word "anemia" usually refers to a condition in which your blood has a lower than normal number of red blood cells. Red blood cells are responsible for the transport of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide (a waste product) from your body. In iron deficiency anemia, the red cells appear abnormal and are unusually small (microcytic) and pale (hypochromic). The pallor of the red blood cells reflects their low hemoglobin content. There are four common causes associated with Iron deficiency anemia. The first one is decreased intake of iron in your diet. This mostly affects infants less than six months old because their diet consists of mostly breast milk and breast milk is a poor source of iron. For adults we can increase our diet with foods that are rich in iron like red meat, pork, seafood, beans, dark leafy vegetables to name a few. We should also take a vitamin C supplement or eat more foods rich in vitamin C such as broccoli, grapefruit, kiwi, oranges, and strawberries. These foods can aid in the absorption of iron. The second cause is increase demand that the body has for iron when a child or adolescent is going through a rapid growth there is an expansion of blood volume. Another example of this would be when a woman...
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...Anemia Statistics for Patient Populations To help explain the prevalence of anemia, the education kit provides statistics related to anemia of chronic disease and other at-risk patients. Older Adults & the Elderly Fatigue, weakness and other anemia symptoms can be misconstrued as normal signs of old age, but neither anemia nor these symptoms are a natural part of aging and should receive meticulous medical attention. · 10% of persons aged 65 and older have anemia1 · 50% of nursing home residents have anemia2 · Anemic elderly are twice as likely tbe hospitalized for falls3 Cancer Patients Cancer and its treatment can cause anemia by interfering with the body's production and regulation of red blood cells. · 80% of chemotherapy patients have severe anemia4-6 · 550,000 people die from cancer each year7 Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Anemia is a common and early complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and worsens as the disease progresses. An estimated 65 million American adults with hypertension8 and 17 million with diabetes9 are at increased risk for CKD and subsequently anemia. · 26 million Americans have chronic kidney disease10 · 28% of mild CKD patients are anemic11 · 87% of severe CKD patients are anemic11 Critically Ill Patients Many factors contribute tanemia in critically ill patients including trauma, surgical blood loss, inflammation and nutritional deficiencies. · 50% of patients in the intensive care unit are anemic12 · 75% of long-stay...
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...identified a number of individuals with skeletal evidence of severe anemia. Tayles N. "Result Filters." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National LIbrary of Medicine, n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2014. Dr. Thomas Addison and Dr. Michael Anton Biermer are the first scientist to provide a definition for anemia. Thomas Addison produced a clinicopathological description in which he names a condition with a dangerous clinical course. He also described a pale pigmentation following death. Dr. Michael Anton Biermer made the earliest description of anemia in Europe. He made the same observations about the disease as did Thomas Addison. Dr. Biermer was the first to introduce the disease...
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...are signs of low oxygen saturation in the circulating cells. Laboratory blood results show the following abnormal values: hemoglobin = 8 g/dl when standard values in females are 12-17g/dl, erythrocyte = 3.1 x 10/mm normal value is 3,5-5.5x10/mm, hematocrit = 32% normal when is between 36%-46%, reticulocyte count = 1.5% normal values are between 0.5-1.5%, and RBC smear abnormal. Given laboratory results for hemoglobin, reticulocyte hematocrit and erythrocyte count are bellow the normal value in a healthy individual and are the general presentation of anemic state. A client with anemia has tissue hypoxia because of the decreased oxygen-carrying volume of the blood. In contrast, a patient with polycythemia has increased blood viscosity and volume attributable to the increase in the number of RBCs (Banasik 269) Ms. A case explanation shows that she has iron-deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA), it’s a frequent seen condition, in which there is a decline in iron concentration in blood and hemoglobin Levels. IDA is triggered by insufficient consumption of iron, insufficient storing of iron, extreme iron loss, or some mixture of these situations. The red blood cells (RBCs), that develop whitish (hypochromic) and tiny...
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...Case Study 1 Iron Deficiency Anemia Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) is the result of not having enough iron in the body. It is the leading cause of anemia worldwide; commonly caused by nutritional deficiencies. (Iron Disorders Institute, 2015). Red blood cells (RBC) use iron for development, without enough iron the blood is unable to effectively carry oxygen. The information below will compare the diagnosing process of IDA with the information provided in the case study regarding Ms. A. and; confirming the diagnosis IDA. Causes The body stores iron and when the reserves are low it is referred to as IDA. This occurs when the body is not able to replace the RBCs and iron as fast as the body is losing it. Another contributor is the body is not absorbing the iron or the body can absorb the iron but the consumption of iron rich foods is inadequate. Other causes of IDA is loss of iron from bleeding. Bleeding can be a result of heavy menstrual cycles, stomach & esophageal cancer, varices in the esophagus from liver cirrhosis, peptic ulcers, gastrointestinal bleeding and from prolonged use of aspirin and other anti inflammatory medications. (Mayo Clinic, 2015). Rational: Ms. A states, “menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea has been a problem for 10-12 years”. She also reports taking 1000 mg of aspirin every 3-4 hours for six days while menstruating. (GCU, 2015). Symptoms Symptoms of IDA can start out being mild with little or no symptoms at all. Mild symptoms include: irritability, fatigue...
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...Name Instructor Subject Date Iron Deficiency Anemia Anemia, is a condition which the body has less red blood cells as required (Killip 671). Anemia also occurs if the red blood cells does not have enough hemoglobin. Hemoglobin helps the red blood cells to carry oxygen from the lungs to the other parts of the body. It is protein in nature and rich in iron. When one is suffering from anemia the cells in their body might not receive enough supply of oxygen. The most common symptom of anemia is fatigue (Killip 671). This is because the body organs may not be getting enough of what they need to function properly. There are over 400 different types of anemia but are divided into three groups due to their causes. There is anemia caused due to blood loss, there is anemia caused by faulty or decreased red blood cells production and there is anemia caused by the destruction of the red blood cells (Killip 671). All of these anemia`s have different causes and treatment. There are some anemia that are considered normal like the anemia that develops during pregnancy, though some different types can cause lifelong health problems (Killip 671). The most common type of anemia is the iron deficiency anemia. This is a disease which can be treated with diet changes and iron supplements (Killip 671). Iron deficiency anemia in many cases occurs to a person who has lower than the required or normal red blood cells in their blood (Leung et al 376). Cases that can contribute to a person having...
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...Living with Iron Deficient Anemia SCI 241 July 22, 2011 Living with Iron Deficient Anemia Living with iron deficient anemia has been a part of my life since my early teenage years and continues to be an ongoing battle into adulthood. Creating a nutritional and physical plan will help keep one on track instead of waiting for the onset of symptoms to start before adding more iron to one’s diet. Included in the plan will be nutritional and physical exercise goals, actions taken to meet each goal, anticipated setbacks or difficulties. Along with methods to overcome setbacks or difficulties, and outcomes used to measure success. Also including the plan’s effectiveness, and identifying potential health risks that may develop if the plan is not implemented. When following a plan one has to accept that over time it will have to change as the body ages, changes, and other physical or medical problems come into the picture. Iron-deficient anemia is that the body lacks the mineral iron which causes the decrease of or faulty red blood cell production (Bryg, 2010). Red blood cells are responsible for transporting oxygen to organs and muscle tissue if they are lacking hemoglobin, which happens with anemia, and the organs and muscle tissues are not obtaining enough oxygen to perform correctly (Bryg, 2010). Bone marrow, in the center of the bone, needs iron to make hemoglobin (Bryg, 2010). Iron-deficient anemia is caused by an iron-poor diet, the metabolic demands of pregnancy...
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...2014 Case Study #1 Anemia is a diagnosis given to individuals with low red blood cells. There are many different forms of anemia; some even cause the abnormal shape or size of the cells (Merck & Co., 2005). Physicians will diagnosis and treat anemia by assessing patient complaints, medical history and physical symptoms. This response will discuss objective and subjective data, and laboratory results to formulate a diagnosis and treatment plan of a patient. Subjective Data 26 year old Caucasian female, Ms. A., arrived at emergency room (ER) with complaints of a decrease in energy and her hobby of golf, along with increasing light headedness, general malaise, and dyspnea. She states her first bout of light headedness began while in a higher elevation on a golf course. Ms. A also reports having had dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia for the last 10-12 years, and that the noted symptoms seem to increase during her menses cycle. Ms. A also reports using 1000mg of aspirin every 3-4 hours throughout the 6 days of her menses cycle. She reports also using said dose of aspirin to relieve stiff joints when golfing....
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