...Mendel’s principle of inheritance Principle of segregation Two alleles per offspring, one from each parent Independent assortment Distribution of one pair of alleles does not influence another pair Genes don’t blend Eukaryotic and prokaryotic Prokaryotic – are one celled organisms. Two kinds- bacteria and archaea Cells structure is simple Eukaryotes- every organism that has more than one cell. Cell structure is more complex than prokaryotes Prokaryotes Prokaryotic cells are one celled organisms they were the first organisms on the planet First appeared around 3.7 bya Have a free flowing nucleoid with no nuclear envelope Cytoplasm- gel like, holds all of the cells internal structures (organellas) Ribosomes- you should know. Flagella- used for locomotion as well as a sensory tool (also present in eukaryotes) Pili- help with attaching to surfaces and the transfer of dna Eukaryotic First appeared 1.5 bya Has a nucleus contained in a nuclear membrane Many more organelles Mitochondria Mitochondria Responsible for producing energy Separate dna called, mitochondria dna, which is only passed down through the mother Eukaryotes Two types of cells in complex organisms Somatic cell (body cell) Diploid-has full set of paired chromosomes (46) Gamete cell (sex cell) Haploid-only has half of the chromosomes (23) Cell division Required for an organism to, Grow, Mature, Maintain tissues, reproduce Mitosis and meiosis Mitosis Prophase Metaphase ...
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...1. How do anthropologists define marriage? What types of marriage are also identified? Also, watch one of the films in the course playlist pertaining to polygamy. Remember to think like an anthropologist and provide advantages and disadvantages to each type of marriage. Marriage can be defined as a legal union of people coming together, combing their resources, and committing to their partner(s). It functions more than just a union of two people and may have a much broader significance than the relationship between husband and wife. Marriage brings families together and expands families by having children. It also provides information of the growth of families from one generation to the next (Dettwyler, 2011). There are two types of marriages, monogamy and polygamy. Monogamy is a two person union (Dettwyler, 2011). The couple vows to stay married and faithful to their partner. Within monogamy there is serial monogamy. A serial monogamist has many partners but, is only married to one at a time. One continues to remarry after previous marriages have failed ending in a divorce. There is also monogamy arranged marriages. Partners in the marriage are chosen by parents’ and is based off of the social standing of the families, rather than certain personality traits one chooses to marry (Dettwyler, 2011). That marriage is for establishing a household and raising children. However, Dettwyler (2011) states, “the couple is not expected to love each other” (p.167) The other type of...
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...Decide were to apply ACL and in which directions. There for I will place the access list on F0/0 of 2811 the nearest port of 182.64.0.0 R1>enable R1#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z R1 (config) # access-list 101 deny ip host 182.64.0.0 182.62.0.0 0.0.0.0 R1 (config) # access-list 101 permit ip any any R1 (config) # interface fast Ethernet 0/0 R1 (config-if) # ip access-group 101 in R1 (config - if) # exit R1 (config) # Now I will block host to network R1 (config) # access-list 102 deny ip host 182.64.0.0 182.62.0.0 255.255.255.255 R1 (config) # access-list 102 permit ip any any R1 (config) # interface fast Ethernet 0/0 R1 (config-if) # ip access-group 102 in R1 (config - if) # exit R1 (config) # Block all telnet R1 (config) # access-list 104 deny ip host 182.64.0.0 182.62.0.0 0.0 0.0.0.0 eq23 R1 (config) # access-list 104 deny ip any any eq23 R1 (config) # access-list 104 permit ip any any R1 (config) # interface fast 0/0 R1 (config-if) # ip access-group 104 in R1 (config - if) # exit Block all ftp traffic R1 (config) # access-list 103 deny ip host 182.64.0.0 182.62.0.0 0.0 0.0.0.0 eq23 R1 (config) # access-list 103 deny ip any any eq23 R1 (config) # access-list 103 permit ip any any R1 (config) # interface Ethernet 0/0 R1 (config-if) # ip access-group 103 in R1 (config - if) # exit Reference Cisco. (n.d.). Configuring Commonly Used IP ACLs. Retrieved from http://www...
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...4 fields of Anthropology (Bio/Physical, SocioCultural, Archaeology, Linguistics): Subfields of Anthropology • Socio‐Cultural Anthropology – Study of living peoples • Biological/Physical Anthropology – Evol i ut on of the human species – Study of physical remains of people – Adaptation of living peoples • Archaeology • Linquistics Bio‐Anthropology • Evolution of us (subject of this class) • Study of Primates • How the human species has physically ad d apte to different environments (bi l ) (biology) • Diversity of human species • Human health, past and present • Interpretation of human remains (forensics, osteology). Scientific Method (including steps in the scientific method) The Scientific Method • Basic belief that physical world is empirical and objective • Objective vs. interpretive information • All science is conducted within a cultural and social paradigm Observation Inductive Interpretation Coming up with Hypothesis • Use what we already know about the world to create hypothesis of what bees do: Testing Hypothesis • Create tests or design set of observations to test the hypothesis’ Refine Hypothesis/Create new ones • If hypothesis is rejected, can come up with new ones (alternatives) to test • If hypothesis is supported, can further refine it or come up with alternatives that could also be “correct” – Could tomatoes be naturally pollinated in other ways? • Occam's razor: accept the simplest explanation that works Testing hypothesis is repeatable • Our results...
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...KOTTAK Department of Anthropology University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109 The New Ecological Anthropology Older ecologies have been remiss in the narrowness of their spatial and temporal horizons, their functionalist assumptions, and their apolitical character. Suspending functionalist assumptions and an emphasis upon (homeo)stasis, "the new ecological anthropology" is located at the intersection of global, national, regional, and local systems, studying the outcome of the interaction of multiple levels and multiple factors. It blends theoretical and empirical research with applied, policy-directed, and critical work in what Rappaport called an "engaged" anthropology; and it is otherwise attuned to the political aspects and implications of ecological processes. Carefully laying out a critique of previous ecologies by way of announcing newer approaches, the article insists on the need to recognize the importance of culture mediations in ecological processes rather than treating culture as epiphenomenal and as a mere adaptive tool. It closes with a discussion of the methodologies appropriate to the new ecological anthropology. / "the new ecology, " political ecology, applied or engaged anthropology, linkages methodology] cological anthropology was named as such during the 1960s, but it has many ancestors, including Daryll Forde, Alfred Kroeber, and, especially, Julian Steward. Steward's cultural ecology influenced the ecological anthropology of Roy Rappaport and Andrew...
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...Julie Campion TESC ANT-101-OL009 Student ID 0196565 Written Assignment 1 Annette Weiner set off to do field work in the Trobriand Islands some 60 years after the highly regarded anthropologist Bronislaw Kasper Malinowski. Weiner had set expectations of what her field work might cover; she encountered contradictions to her expectations and was able to neutralize them. Additionally, her field work is a classic representation of the five characteristics of culture, as well as a representation of how anthropology has grown since its early inception. (Haviland) While preparing for her trip she expected that she would find the Trobriand society to be how Malinowski described it and struggled with her tasks of learning a new language, careful observation and harboring her own cultural assumptions so that it would not cloud her clear assessment of the Trobriand peoples. (Haviland) Her initial expectations were shaped by the extensive studying she did of Malinowski’s works on the society. She expected to find the same or similar findings as Malinowski and therefore had not intended to set out to disprove any of his earlier writings. She intended on focusing on the male aspect of the clan and had little comprehension of how much women played a role in the Trobriand society. Her expectations guided her towards learning about how men were the focus of the tribe leaving women as having matrilineal lineage importance only. Shortly after arriving however, Weiner became aware...
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...Shawn Augustine 12-16-12 ANTHRO 101 – 2nd Take Home FINAL EXAM PART 2: Before taking this course, I thought Anthropology and anthropologists were concerned with only the study of culture and its effect on society. I later learned, Anthropology is not only limited to culture but also encompasses identity, culture, gender, race, sexuality, politics, and economics. Anthropologists do not exist to only examine cultures and say what is right and wrong in society. Their mission is to break the normalcy of theories and beliefs and prove its credibility. I found the topics of culture with respects to poverty, the power of naming, representation, and economic inequality of great interest to me because I enjoyed seeing examples of how the cultural norms we experience every day is false and misleading. We learned that culture, in an anthropological view, is a people’s way of life. These shared beliefs; food, language, work, labor, tradition, religion, art, and etiquette become bounded together into a common culture that is constantly changing. Culture veils society and when this takes place, class lines, race, gender, and segmentation occur creating a dominant culture because not everyone participates in a culture. Through transculturation, dominant culture can change existing cultures resulting in resistance causing a mix into a new culture. I previously thought poverty was not a culture but through our lesson and readings...
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...Anthropology As It Relates To Racism Jeffery Bridgewater ANT 101 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Instructor: Matthew Harms August 20, 2015 The history of anthropology and racism is knotted and complex. Thoughts of human nature and life anthropology need to include replications on anthropology and racism today. The essential to answering the question of what is Anthropology is the real mystery? In this essay we will discover how anthropology and racism are intertwined and affect our lives. Racism today takes the form of financial and political differences, arranged along the collective group of race. These two things are both facts and still very much present. Before saying anything about the human evolution and biology, it would be necessary to understand ideas of the race shape scientific investigation. The human evolution to categorizing hominin species to discussions about Neanderthal and denisovan breeding and potentially entering the race of ideas, configurations of anthropology and racism today. I like to give you a little insight to how we will look into races the black race is a race that has been abused in time past. They tend to be violent especially to themselves. They are group of that have some that think only of themselves or do anything to move up the latter. The things that is so amazing about this group of people is how they will come together when one of there on has been wronged be another race but they turn around and do it to themselves....
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...American Economics and Death in Japan Jacob K. Donlan ANT 101: Cultural Anthropology Instructor James Turner September 7, 2015 Introduction This paper will show an overview of the American economic system today from an etic (outsider’s) point of view as well as examine how the Japanese culture treats death from an introspective view to show readers how areas where they may already have an opinion on can be seen from other perspectives. In Part I, readers will be shown from an etic perspective how Americans have, over time, developed an addiction to indebtedness and live in abundance on credit, not caring of growing deficits and interest burdens. In his 2013 book, “Cultural Anthropology,” Crapo describes an etic analysis as “an outsider’s or observer’s allegedly “objective” account.” In Part II, the Japanese culture surrounding death will be described as how an insider would understand it. Crap described an emic analysis as “an insider’s or native’s meaningful account.” (Ch. 1.1). For various cultures around the world to truly understand and empathize with one another, it is important to be able to see things from each other’s perspective. Being able to understand an issue in America as an outsider would see it, and likewise to look at something that might seem strange to us as an insider would will help us grow beyond our preconceived notions and ignorance. Part I This...
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...Running head: THE BATEK OF MALAYSIA: A FORAGING SOCIETY 1 Rough Draft: The Batek of Malaysia a Foraging Society Paula Chapman ANT 101: Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Professor: Vasilica Margarit May 12, 2013 I. Introduction A. Thesis Statement The Batek are 'the original people of Malaysia' they make their homes in the rainforest, they are a society that forages, they have a different religious style, well-established traditions social organization, and gender defined roles. II. Body paragraph 1 – Topic Sentence The Batek are a foraging tribe that shares everything amongst their village, they have a community built on the kinship way of life. A. Supporting Evidence As stated in the book, Property, Power, and Conflict among the Batek of Malaysia, Sharing food is an absolute obligation to the Batek, not something, the giver has much discretion over – as one hunter said “If I didn't take the meat back to camp, everyone would be angry at me.” Endicott, Kirk (1988) B. Explanation The Batek feel they have a moral duty to share the food that they forage. They feel that not sharing would be a form of stealing from the group. C. So What? So the main mode of survival for the Batek and their...
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...The San (“Bushmen”) People Luis M. Cruz ANT 101 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Megan Douglass April 1, 2013 The Photograph Below is of the San ("Bushmen") People, they reside in the Kalahari Desert of Southwest Africa and are known as one of the best hunting and gathering communities in the modern world, (Marshall, J, 2011). [pic] Source: by John Marshall copyright 2011 Documentary Educational Resources The San people are a foraging tribe, they are traditionally a band society made up of families and relatives. Foraging bands such as the San survive by going where there is an abundance of food and water. They practice a gender based division of labor just like many other foraging bands, for the most part the women care for the children and search for suitable for eating vegetation, while the men hunt for the meat and provide other skills such as making tools like blowpipes, darts, and digging sticks. The San's people are hard workers and do what is needed to support the social order, but the San people are also a relaxed people who enjoy each other’s company and heavily rely on each other for the bands continued existence. Social ties are considered very important in this band society because no one person can simply be thinking of their own benefit over the groups. The San meals are an example of the communities methods, every bit of their food is gathered together for...
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...Examining Evolution from Two Subfields in Anthropology ANTH 101 Professor Rosh March 25, 2012 Evolution overall is the change and adaptation of all living things on this planet. In the past this idea was thought to be absurd and still in today’s society some people still don’t believe in the theory of evolution. Thanks to a man named Charles Darwin who was brave and smart enough to publish scientific books on this subject some of our society now accepts the concept and studies it. To think that living species does not change and adapt over time is nonsense. With the study of evolution humankind can learn from its past and better prepare for the future by studying how humankind has developed over the past. Evolution is defined in biology as the idea that all species can change over time and have a common ancestry (Parker, 2008). A physical anthropologist could study primatology in order to study evolution for humankind. Primatology is the study in physical anthropology that began with morphological comparisons of primates to reconstruct the evolution of humans (Rodman, 1999). Studying primatology can help the study of evolution because it is a very good example of basic evolution and primates and human beings have a lot of similar traits and also the primate is the closest living example that is like a human genetically. This source was chosen because it helps break down the meaning and understanding of primatology and provides the basics and in depth terms to...
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...Addreal Harness Anthropology 101 March 18, 2012 Digging for Slaves “Digging for Slaves” Archaeologists have obtained different findings to show the truth behind slavery. They changed the perception that all races have about slavery. The University of South Carolina has information about the slaves’ everyday life and all of the things that they could do. The archaeologist found pottery in the slaves houses that were made by hand. Slaves were pioneers. The men were the hunters and the women would gather any things that the men did not bring home. The slaves also had guns and they would kill any animals that stole their rice, they most likely ate the animals after the shot them. Slavery is apart of our everyday life and it is important that we know the history behind them. Through archaeology we are able to see the importance of slaves because there is no documentation on any of them. This video is related to class because the lives of our ancestors were studied. Ethnohistory consists of studies based on descriptive materials about a single society at more than one point in time. Excavation was used in this video to find artifacts that had been buried in the soil and to record the location of the artifacts with precision. The archaeologist relied on artifacts to tell them different things about the slaves that lived on the Middleburg plantation. Ethics is another factor that was used in this video that relates to our class lectures. Ethics is important to the archaeologists...
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...Inuit of the Artic Kinship ANT 101: Introduction to Cultural Anthropology September 29, 2012 As we study anthropology we ask ourselves the question, what is anthropology and what is the meaning of cultural? In the studies we learn that anthropology is the study of people, their origins, and their cultures. We learned that cultural is the system of government, style of dress or even types of sexual behavior and food. So we put together the words cultural anthropology and the text tells us it is “the comparative study of human cultures with the objective of deepening our understanding of the human condition” (Laird, 2010). With all this to reflect on, this writer will discuss the kinship systems of the Inuit people and their cultural and how it affects them. “The kinship among people is described as is a relationship between any individuals who share a genealogical origin, through biological, cultural, or historical descent. It is one of the most basic principles for organizing individuals into social groups, roles, categories, and genealogy” (Versatile, 2011). The kinship system among the Inuit is describe as the lineal system of terminology emphasizes the nuclear family by specifically identifying mother, father, brother, and sister, while merging together all other relatives such as maternal and paternal aunts, uncles, and cousins, without differentiating among them. An example, one's father is distinguished from his father's brother (uncle) but one's father's brother...
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...Iroquois Kinship Tiffany Wheeler ANT 101 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Alfred Wilfong April 17, 2013 Iroquois Kinship The Iroquois people were very structured, with the women being the top dogs in their social setting. Iroquois women were in control of crops, particularly maize, and that gave them control over more than just a food source. Men were allowed to do their job as long as the women agreed with what they were doing. If women were against a particular raiding activity, they withheld maize from the warriors, which meant the men could not go (Nowak, 1979). Properties were inherited by females, such as land and tools. After marriage, men moved in with their wives to their longhouse. Marriage was encouraged between what the Iroquois considered cross cousins, which today would be what normal people consider to be their cousins. For example, if someone's maternal uncle married an unrelated woman and they had children, it would be encouraged for the cousins to marry one another. Marriage was a delicate thing, however, because the woman was capable of simply packing her husband's belongings and tossing them outside to get her point across that their marriage was over. Based on the above information, the biggest example of the way the Iroquois kinship system impacts the way they behave is their matriarchal system. The eldest woman in each longhouse has the authority to determine the rights to property and resources. Another example would be their belief...
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