...Vaccinations are a topic of great debate in the United States. Some of this debate generates positive discussion about vaccines, their safety, and why they are an important factor in public health. However, other discussions help to spread false information. The anti-vaccination movement in particular has detracted from the public’s ability to truly understand the benefits of vaccines. It is important to be vaccinated in order to protect their own health, the health of those in their community, and to prevent potential spread of diseases internationally. Vaccines relate to personal health in that they work to protect a person from dangerous and even deadly diseases. The weakened pathogens present in vaccines provoke an immune response when...
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...An Article Review Written by: Sabah Sayed Ali In 2012, the American Journal of Family Therapy published an article titled “Structural Therapy with a Couple Battling Pornography Addiction” by Jeffrey J. Ford, Jared A. Durtschi, and Darell L. Franklin. This remarkable publication addresses an issue about how the increasing availability of pornographic material is becoming detrimental to couples’ relationships. It notifies the reader that boundless addictions to pornography are affecting individuals in a relationship, and as a result, therapists are pursuing effective ways to solve this significant issue. In this article, it is mentioned that pornography causes personal distress and symptoms of withdrawal and tolerance, which, in turn, can adversely affect relationship and neurological functioning. Unfortunately, there are many instances where therapists encounter victims of pornography addiction, but due to its uncommon occurrence, importance is not given to these addictions. The effects of this addiction are often underestimated, and it is often ignored that these addictions are as severe and difficult as other types of addictions. Therefore, this article addresses the severity of pornographic addictions, in addition to introducing the implementation of a successful structural therapy for obsessive patterns of pornographic addiction. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the structural therapy, the authors present a case study of a couple battling a pornographic addiction. The...
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...virtually anyone. Most notably of them being pornography. Porn still existed before the internet, of course, but in the form of magazines and films that someone had to be a certain age to purchase. Nowadays in the age of technology, anybody with a computer and internet connection can view pornographic images for free... All they have to do is click a button that says that they are over 18. Pornography at first seems natural and harmless to anyone who is of a mature enough age, but much like the mainstream media and Hollywood today, pornography creates unrealistic expectations of women and treats them like sexual objects. This belief launched a movement in the 1980’s that was against all pornography, dividing feminists into two groups, one for and one against porn. Pornography catapulted to the forefront of the American women's movement in the 1980s. Because of this, many feminists viewed it as a key agent of female oppression. However, ‘sex-positive’ feminists viewed pornography as an essential ingredient of sexual liberation, and porn can liberate women from conventional notions that they must be monogamous, romantic and that sex should only be associated with procreation. For pro-sex feminists, the patriarchal nature of our society oppresses the sexuality of ALL people, not just women. The sex-positive feminists generally opposed obscenity laws and other measures that they saw as being restrictive of sexual expression. Gayle Rubin, who is a cultural anthropologist best known...
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...Anti-Globalization Movement “Anti-globalization Movement is a disputed term referring to the international social movement network that gained widespread media attention after protests against the World Trade Organization (WTO) in Seattle, WA in late November and early December 1999. Activists and scholars debate whether it constitutes a single social movement or represents a collection of allied groups, a "movement of movements." (Engler, 2007). The Anti-globalization movement opposes different types of social, economic, and ecological injustices that are believed to be the consequence of globalization which are against globalization. Participants of the Anti-globalization movement oppose political powers of large MNCs, and the powers of trade agreements. Corporations have been accused of seeking to maximize profits at the expense of undermining labor standards, environmental conservation principles and the integrity of national legislative capacity. Activists of the Anti-globalization movement seek global integration that provides better democratic representation, advancement of human rights and more egalitarian states. Anti globalization is argued from several points of view, the environmental aspects of globalization, human rights, nationalism (mostly economics), and heterogeneous. Allowing that many of the groups that anti globalization are single focus groups, the different groups do band together to create interest in their causes. The environmental aspects...
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...HAVE YOU EVER WONDERED... - a poem for anti-smoking campaign by Ernell C. Ordoñez SMOKE, SMOKE, SMOKE; NOT ONLY YOU, ALL THAT SORROUNDS INCLUDING ME; ARE DRENCHED BY THE STENCH AND MAKES ME CHOKE. EWW THAT STINKY SMOKE ON MY NOSE; I THOUGHT IT WILL KNOCK ME OUT COLD; WITH JUST ONE POP OF YOUR USUAL DOZE. MAY IT BE DAY OR BE NIGHT; DAD, NO MATTER WHO IS AROUND YOU; YOUR SMOKE WILL ALWAYS TAKE IT'S FLIGHT. I REMEMBER WHEN I WAS LITTLE; YOU CARRY ME, MAY IT BE SITTING ON YOUR LAP, OR AROUND YOUR NECK LIKE A CAMEL. YOU DON'T MIND IT AND LIT A STICK; I NEVER WRONGED YOU FOR DOING SO; CAUSE I KNOW YOU WILL BLOW IT FAST, AWAY, AND QUICK. MOM USUALLY TELLS YOU TO STOP; THERE IS A CHILD AROUND YOU, THAT'S ME; BUT YOU JUST SAY, I BLEW NOT BELOW BUT TO THE TOP. MOM ALSO SAYS DON'T BE STUPID AND THINK; THE CHEMICALS INHALED THROUGH THE SMOKE; WILL STICK ON ALL LUNGS LIKE AN INK. BUT I DON'T MIND IT AND I THOUGHT IT WAS FUN; CATCHING THAT WHITE THING AFLOAT IN THE AIR; WIGGLING MY ARMS AND CHASING IT AS I RUN. BUT ALL THE FUN ENDED WHEN I BLACKED-OUT ONE DAY; MOM TOOK ME TO THE HOSPITAL CAUSE I CAN'T BREATH; THEN A SHOCKING TRUTH OF WHAT THE DOCTOR HAS TO SAY. MY BODY IS WEAKEND I AM SICK AND I CRY; THE DOCTOR SAID I HAVE A LUNG CANCER; EVERYBODY WAS SAD AND I ASKED WHY? AM I GOING TO...
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...Professor Perez ENGL102 8 November 2015 The Anti-Vaccination Movement Over the last 30 years, the number of vaccine-preventable diseases has increased substantially. This is due to a rising number of “anti-vaxxers” spreading misinformation “that vaccines are actually ineffective, useless, or even dangerous” (Kata 3778). The internet and other forms of mass media have steered parents to believe these claims and it has had devastating results. It has been proven by scientists for hundreds of years that the use of vaccinations greatly outweighs the risk of not getting them. The research shows that the claim that vaccines cause autism or any other disease cannot be substantiated by any scientific evidence and therefore, should not be entertained under any circumstances. The background of the anti-vaccination movement is an old one. The United Kingdom’s Vaccination Act of 1853 is a good example of this. The act required parents to vaccinate their children for small pox at three months or risk life in prison. This is a harsh punishment for the parents, but considering the millions of deaths that small pox has caused world-wide, lawmakers at the time considered it a just penalty. “The anti-vaccination movement experienced a steady decline from the turn of the century up to the 1970's” (Kasarda 548). After the 1970’s there was a resurgence in the anti-vaccination movement. This is due to research from a group of authors working at London Hospital. “M. Kulenkampf, J.S. Schwartzman...
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...behavior and actions. This is especially true when a group of people or a high status citizen supports an individual’s beliefs, even when there is no valid authority contributed to their stance. Individuals raised in the modern first-world are educated to believe in the science and efficiency of vaccinations to ensure public health and decrease infant and childhood mortality rates. A wealth of evidence exists to prove that vaccinations are safe, effective, and increase public health. The scientific and medical communities, by a vast majority, support the use of vaccinations and are desperately attempting to get vaccines to third world countries and end massive generations-long death tolls attributed to preventable diseases. The diseases that these vaccines prevent had been eradicated in the United States and Western Europe for decades. Why, then, are people willing to allow their children to go unvaccinated in first world nations? Cognitive dissonance may hold the answer to this question. Ian and Linda Williams are educated parents in Auckland, New Zealand, who refused to vaccinate their son, Alijah. This decision would be life-altering. The family was caught up in the recent anti-vaccine movement, promoted heavily by celebrities like Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., Jim Carrey, and Jenny McCarthy - one of the most famous opponents to vaccine use. This paper will delve into the shocking story of one family’s regrettable decision to not vaccinate their child and the possible social psychological...
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...Modern medicine provides people with the ability to protect themselves from the world’s most fatal diseases. Merely a century ago, it was not uncommon for a child to die as a result of diseases such as polio, pertussis, and tuberculosis. Today, it is highly unlikely for a person to contract these diseases, let alone die from them. However, refusal of vaccinations has been increasing throughout the years due to the anti-vaccination movement. This movement declares mandatory vaccines unconstitutional and vaccinations overall as the cause of autism. Unfortunately, the anti-vaccination movement is becoming increasingly popular due to individuals’ unfounded fears and imagined consequences associated with the idea of purposely inserting a disease into one’s body. However, despite one’s beliefs, vaccines are essential not only to a person’s well-being, but to the health of those around them. Mandatory vaccinations do not cause autism; rather, they save lives while upholding values of...
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...Introduction to Empirical research on non-evidence beliefs over anti-vaccination Student Name: Institution: Introduction Vaccines have had an increasing effect on people's health in the world for a long period. Down in Australia, the government introduced the “no jab, no pay” economic policy to detract anti-vaccine movements from ‘confusing’ the public (McCutcheon, 2015).Under this law, children who are not immunized, are denied childcare not unless their parents do declare philosophical, religious, medical or personal objections (Medew 2015). Evidently, in the New South Wales state, only about 50% of citizens receive vaccines for their children. Evidently this is the lowest level in Australia and is compared to South Sudan (McCutcheon, 2015).There are various researches that have come up to explain how conspiracy, paranormal, and spirituality are related to anti-vaccination, but it is clear that none of them was bold enough to explain why. For instance, in line with conspiracy theory, Kata (2010) states of how 75% of the websites she researched on made claims of cover up, where regulatory bodies had information about vaccines they were from the public. Orac (2014) states of how conspiracy in the Muslim world made people into believing polio vaccines were evil plans by the Western nations to sterilize Muslim youth and reduce them in number. In the same sense, 50% of websites stated of how the government purportedly protects vaccine manufacturers and doctors from possible harms...
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...The role of non-evidence based beliefs on anti-vaccination-Literature Review Student Name: Institution: Introduction Anti-vaccination proponents have largely embedded their energies in promoting doubt in parents, instructing forms of biomedical fear while capitalizing on their spiritual and paranormal belief naivety to enforce the same. These approaches are ensured to make it possible that even with any increase in people’s knowledge and evidence, their rational strength over anti-vaccine movements become a myriad.[Lewandowsky et al. 2013] Decision making becomes a weak thing to do because by looking at both ends, things seem to parallel each other. There those who believe in an unquestionable trust in political figures, doctors and other medical professionals. Other parents seem to look at homeopathy, nature and metaphysical tendencies to resolve their medical dilemma as regards to the vaccine.[Huntley and Peeters, 2010; Battles, 2008]. It is at this point that Lewandowski et al. [2013] and his believed that with an increase in knowledge the worldview polarization of science also doubled. Apparently, these issues are evident to point out to the fact that anti-vaccine attitudes are predicted by them. But there is very limited research in place, to depict the underlying factor beneath these forms of psychosocial behaviors against vaccines. The notion of worldview approach to anti-vaccine over vaccines is a current one and stems from paranormal, spiritual, and conspiracy beliefs...
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...agendas that brushed aside a generation of children. Notwithstanding all the evidence, one in four Americans still believes that vaccines cause autism (Gross, 2009). Because of this lack of trust in vaccinations, the US saw the largest outbreak of measles in 2008, a disease that was declared eliminated in 2000, due to decreased rates of vaccinations (Ratzan, 2010). Mumps and whooping cough also made a comeback. By 2007, over 5,000 parents of children with autism had sued for compensation. One case in November of 2007 solidified beliefs that vaccines cause autism. The Department of Health and Human Services acknowledged that vaccines had aggravated a preexisting disorder in a baby girl, which caused “regressive encephalopathy with features of...
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...diseases, let alone die from them. However, refusal of vaccinations has been increasing throughout the years. This is due to individual’s unfounded fears and imagined consequences associated with the idea of purposely inserting a disease into one’s body. Despite one’s beliefs, vaccines are essential not only to a person’s well-being, but to the health of those around them. Mandatory vaccinations do not cause autism; rather, they save lives while also...
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...Anti vaccine people were accusing vaccines produces for “poisoning” them. Vaccines are given to kids the first 18 months of their life and at 4-6 years if they don’t have health complications. The kids with health conditions can be let into school with permission from the school. Anti vaccine people have been asking for this permission and have failed to get it. Every kid should be vaccinated so they have a better chance to live, it prevents kid from being at risk to diseases, and it provide more opportunities most schools will not accept them. The first reason you should vaccinate your kids is they have a better chance to live. Most families claim that there immune system will fight them off but that’s not true the diseases that are coming back whooping cough, measles and the mumps are and coming back and affect the kids that are not vaccinated. “Pathogens adapt, hosts develop resistance, unforeseen consequences arise”(Welch) our immune systems failing against the diseases might happen from the lack of useful vaccines. There is a growing number of the parents that have their kids unvaccinated but there very vulnerable when they go into the public and get sick. “Online...
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...authority figures. There are conspiracy theories out there that can be a physical danger to society. Of the many jeopardizing conspiracy theory that is out there, one of the most malicious and alarming is the anti-vaccine conspiracy. Rather than vaccinating their kids from the dangers of disease like measles and mumps, the anti-vaxxers oppose vaccination and believe that it is the cause of a wide range of health problems, like autism. The anti-vaccination movement is spearheaded by people with no medical credibility and go around scaremongering venerable people who are willing to believe anything. Since this movement has taken off, disease that were once believed to be eradicated or preventable, because of the medical advancements of vaccinations, are now making a comeback due to the believes of the anti-vaxxers. Because conspiracy theories on health issues are a touchy and a complex topic, almost “half of Americans” believe in at least one 1 medical conspiracy theory. (Oliver and Wood, 2014) Some people or community are more vulnerable than others. The case in point here is the Somali American community here in the Twin Cities, Minnesota. From the 2017 article written by Faiza Mahamud and Glenn Howard on the local Star Tribune, they cited: the local Somali vaccination rates fell from 92 percent in 2004 to just 42 percent in 2014. Not vaccinating your child is not only endangering your own child, but it’s also endangering other kids that are in contact of that one child. This...
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...Anti-Vaccination: An Opposition Melanie Say Kaplan University Professor Chad Walls CM220 March 13, 2015 Opposition: Anti-vaccination Despite extended benefits demonstrated through immunization programs, parents and vocal groups alike are challenging the administration of inoculations. A history of fraudulent studies introduced the concept of a link between the MMR vaccine and autism, adding fuel to the controversial fire of adverse reactions associated with immunizations. Furthermore, organizations in Maine defend philosophical exemptions in schools as their "personal freedom and parental right", disregarding the "imminent danger to others who can't take the vaccine" (Boston Globe, 2015, para. 4). Within the past two decades, opposition...
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