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Apa Reference Examples

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Rivier College Writing & Resource Center Using APA: Creating a Reference Page
(Updated October 2012—APA 6th Edition) General Guidelines for Formatting a Reference Page
Your reference list provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the essay. Each source you cite in the essay must appear in your reference list (except for personal communications); each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text.  Start the reference list on a new page. Type the word References in upper and lowercase letters, centered, at the top of the page on the first line below the page header; do not underline, and do not put it in quotation marks. Your reference list must be in alphabetical order according to author’s last name; if no author is given for a particular source, alphabetize by the title of the piece and use a shortened version of the title for parenthetical citations. If you have more than one work by a particular author, order them by publication date, oldest to newest. Provide first initial (and not first name) and middle initial (if provided) for all authors of a particular work. Capitalize only the first word of a title or subtitle of a work unless it is a proper noun. Italicize titles of books and journals—note that the italics extend to include the volume number of a periodical as well as the period at the end of a book title. Use “&” instead of “and” when listing multiple authors of a single work. The first line of each entry in your Reference list should be at your left margin; subsequent lines should be indented ½ inch. The entire Reference page must be double-spaced—do not add extra spacing between entries. Space once after periods that separate parts of a reference citation. Provide the year of publication only—the only exception to this is if you are referencing a monthly or weekly magazine or a newspaper article. References to academic journals should NOT include the month or date. Personal communications (emails, interviews, lectures, speeches, telephone conversations) do not appear in the reference list. They should, however, be cited in the body of your paper. Example: J. Burnitz (personal communication, September 20, 2009) indicated that .… or In a recent class lecture (K. Frenn, NSG 101, April 19, 2009), I learned that ….



       



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Numbers of Authors
No Author/Unsigned Article
Online education eradicates illiteracy all across the globe. (2011, January 25). M2PressWIRE. Retrieved from Newspaper Source database. Heuristic. (n.d.). In Meriam-Webster’s online dictionary (11th ed.). Retrieved from http://www.m-w.com/ dictionary/heuristic

One to Six Authors
Connell, D., & Gunzelmann, B. (2004). The new gender gap. Instructor, 113(6), 14-17. Retrieved from Academic Source Premier. Gleason, J. (2010). Special education in context : An ethnographic study of persons with developmental disabilities. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. Krishnaraj, N. N., Leen, G. S., Kane, P. P., Edge, C. J., Murphy, S. A., & Gribbin, H. R. (2003). Malignant mesothelioma presenting as stroke: A case report. European Journal of Cancer Care, 12(4), 365368. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2354.2003.00410.x Philip, B. N., Kiss, A. J., & Lee, J. E. (2011). The protective role of aquaporins in the freeze-tolerant insect Eurosta solidaginis: Functional characterization and tissue abundance of EsAQP1. Journal of Experimental Biology, 215(5), 848-857. doi:10.1242/jeb.051276
Rekart, J. L., & Routtenberg, A. (2010). Overexpression of GAP-43 reveals unexpected properties of hippocampal mossy fibers. Hippocampus, 20(1), 46-57. Retrieved from PsycINFO database.

More Than Seven Authors
List the first six authors (in the order they are presented) followed by an ellipses ( . . . ) and the name of the last author. Cunningham, P. D., Valdes, N., Vallejo, F., Hayden, L. M., Polishak, B., Xing-Hua Z., . . . Twieg, R. (2011). Broadband terahertz characterization of the refractive index and absorption of some important polymeric and organic electro-optic materials. Journal of Applied Physics, 109(4), 43505-43511. Retrieved from Academic Source Premier.
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PERIODICALS—PRINT FORMAT
If a database leads you to a PDF file of a print source, cite it using the examples below. You do not need to name the database in your citation.
Author, A. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of the Periodical, volume (also italicized), issue (if provided), page number(s).

JOURNAL AND MAGAZINE ARTICLES—PRINT
Gielen, A. C., Kerkhofs, M., & Van Ours, J. (2010). How performance related pay affects productivity and employment. Journal of Population Economics, 23(1), 291-301.

Pemberton, C., & Johnson, R. (2010, December). Back to school: A lesson in social work flexibility. Community Care, 22-23.
Pop goes psychology. (2010). Psychology Today, 43(1), 32.

NEWSPAPER ARTICLE—PRINT
Precede page numbers for newspaper articles with p. or pp. If an article appears on discontinuous pages, give all page numbers and separate the numbers with a comma. Fountain, H. (2010, February 2). No place like foam for tropical frogs. The New York Times, p. D4. Landro, L. (2009, October 27). The picture of health. Wall Street Journal, pp. R4, R6. New drug cuts risk of death from heart failure. (2001, August 3). The Washington Post, p. A12.

PAMPHLET—PRINT
Author. (Date). Title of pamphlet/brochure[type of document]. Place of Publication, Publisher. Internal Revenue Service. (2005). Home-based business tax avoidance schemes [Brochure]. Washington, DC: Internal Revenue Service.

Southern New Hampshire Medical Center. (2009). Patient rights and responsibilities [Brochure]. Nashua, NH: Southern New Hampshire Medical Center.

GOVERNMENT PUBLICATION—PRINT
Agency. (Date). Title of document. Place of Publication, Publisher. Department of Labor. (2003). Employment law guide (OASP-01). Washington, DC: Department of Labor. U.S. Census Bureau. (2005). Statistical abstract of the United States: 2006. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
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PERIODICALS—ELECTRONIC FORMAT
If a database leads you to a PDF file of a print source, cite it using the In Print format above.

FINDING AND USING A DOI (Digital Object Identifier)
APA recommends providing a Digital Object Identifier (DOI), when it is available, as opposed to the URL. The use of a DOI attempts to provide stable, long-lasting links for online articles. Many publishers will provide an article's DOI on the first page of the document or on the results page.

If an online journal article has a DOI, it will be provided on the first page of the article

If an article from an online database (such as EBSCOHost) has a DOI, it will be provided on the Results Page

The DOI will also be provided at the bottom of the database landing page (the first page of the listing)

Author, A. (date). Title of article. [Descriptive information, if any) Title of Periodical, volume(also italicized), pages (if given). doi: number Hurst, J., & Beyson, R. (2010). Making progress in genetic kin recognition among vertebrates. Journal of Biology, 9(13), 123-132. doi: 10.1186/jbiol221 Routtenberg, A., & Rekart, J. (2005). Post-translational protein modification as the substrate for longlasting memory. Trends in Neurosciences, 29(1), 12-19. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2004.11.006 Westly, E. (2010). Bioethicists renew call for changes to prison research. Nature Medicine, 16(1), 13-14. doi: 10.1038/nm0110-13a
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JOURNAL OR MAGAZINE ARTICLE FOUND IN DATABASE—NO PDF, NO DOI
Author, A. (date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume (also italicized), pages (if given). Retrieved from [name of database]. Menke, M. (2005). Thy will be done: German Catholics and national identity in the twentieth century. Catholic Historical Review, 91(2), 300-320. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier. Mantel, B. (2011, April 15). Organ donations. CQ Researcher, 21, 337-360. Retrieved from CQ Researcher. Public housing residents would seek better-paying jobs if not penalized by higher rents. (2009, December). Journal of Housing & Community Development, 62(4), 21. Retrieved from LexusNexus.

ERIC DOCUMENTS
Abdal-Haqq, I. (1997). Not just a warm body: Changing images of the substitute teacher (Report No. ED412208). Retrieved from ERIC website, http://www.eric.ed.gov Henness, S.A. (2001). K-12 service learning: A strategy for rural community renewal and revitalization. Retrieved from ERIC database (ED 461466). Winters, M. A., & Greene, J. P. (2009). How special ed vouchers keep kids from being mislabeled as disabled. Civic Report No. 58. (Report No. ED509527). Retrieved from ERIC website, http://www.eric.ed.gov Verdonk, P., Benschop, Y., de Haes, H., Mans, L., & Lagro-Janssen, T. (2009). Gender mainstreaming in medical education. Gender and Education, 21(6), 703-719. Retrieved from ERIC database (ED 598332).

ONLINE JOURNAL OR MAGAZINE ARTICLE—FROM WORLD WIDE WEB, NO DOI
Author, A. (date). Title of Article. Title of Periodical , volume(also italicized), issue, pages (if given). Retrieved from [complete URL address] Faiia, M. M. (2009). Women behind bars. InSight: Rivier Academic Journal, 5(2). Retrieved from http://www.rivier.edu/journal/ROAJ-Fall-2009/J297-Faiia.pdf iPads could hinder teaching, professors say. (2011, March 13). Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/article/iPads-for-College-Classrooms-/126681/ Ucbasaran, D, Westhead, P., & Wright, M. (2011, April). Why serial entrepreneurs don’t learn from failure. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from http://hbr.org/2011/04/why-serial-entrepreneurs-dontlearn-from-failure/ar/1
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ONLINE NEWSPAPER ARTICLE—FROM DATABASE
Fountain, H. (2010, February 2). No place like foam for tropical frogs. The New York Times, p. D4. Retrieved from ProQuest. Landro, L. (2009, October 27). The picture of health. Wall Street Journal, pp. R4, R6. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier.

ONLINE NEWSPAPER ARTICLE—FROM WORLD WIDE WEB
LaFranier, S. (2011, March 16). China slows nuclear power plans. New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/17/world/asia/17china.html?_r=1&ref=business Singletary, M. (2010, January 10). Married college graduates make more money.WashingtonPost.com. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wpdyn/content/article/2010/01/20/ AR2010012004769.html

ARTICLE OR PAGE FROM THE WORLD WIDE WEB
If there is no author, consider the web site sponsor to be the author; if there is a span of dates (usually at the bottom of the web page/section), include the full range.

ACLU. (2007, November 29). FBI improperly using Patriot Act surveillance powers. ACLU: American Civil Liberties Union. Retrieved from http://www.aclu.org/safefree/nationalsecurityletters /32904p20071129.html
American Diabeties Association. (1995-2010). Living with diabeties: Treatment and care. Retrieved from http://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/treatment-and-care/ Archiving Early America. (1996–2011). Boston massacre: A behind-the-scenes look at Paul Revere’s most famous engraving. Retrieved from http://www.earlyamerica.com/review/winter96/massacre.html Crowley, P. (2011, February 17). Proposed changes to regulation of women's shelters in Afghanistan. Retrieved from US Department of State website: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/ 2011/02/156749.htm Pennsylvania Department of Education. (2010). Academic standards for mathematics. Retrieved from http://www.pde.state.pa.us/k12/lib/k12/MATH.pdf

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ONLINE INFORMATION —CORPORATE, GOVERNMENT, or GROUP AUTHORS
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2003). Managing asthma: A guide for schools (NIH Publication No. 02-2650). Retrieved from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/prof/lung/asthma/asth_sch.pdf U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). School Health Index: A self-assessment and planning guide [Electronic resource]. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/SHI/pdf/SHI-brochure-05.pdf NAACP. (n.d.). Juvenile justice fact sheet. Retrieved from http://www.naacp.org/advocacy/research /facts/Juvenile%20Justice.pdf

DISSERTATIONS—ONLINE
Caprette, C. L. (2005). Conquering the cold shudder: The origin and evolution of snake eyes (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/send-pdf.cgi?acc_num=osu1111184984 Lankheit, L. (2009). Ambulatory surgical patients' perception of preoperative teaching (M.S.N. dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. (Publication No. AAT 1493993). Pecore, J. T. (2004). Sounding the spirit of Cambodia: The living tradition of Khmer music and dancedrama in a Washington, DC community (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3114720).

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CITING BOOKS—IN PRINT
Author, A. (Date of publication). Title of the book (edition, if provided). City, State: Publisher.

BOOK IN PRINT
Chitty, D. (2003). Do lemmings commit suicide? Beautiful hypotheses and ugly facts. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Hoff, R. (1992). I can see you naked : Making fearless presentations (New rev. ed.). Kansas City, MO: Andrews and McMeel. Lilienfeld, S., Lynn, S.J., Ruscio, J., & Beyerstein, B. (2009). 50 great myths of popular psychology: Shattering widespread misconceptions about human behavior. New York, NY: Wiley-Blackwell. Tavani, H. T. (2007). Ethics & technology: Ethical issues in an age of information & communication technology (2nd ed.). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

ANTHOLOGY OR EDITED BOOK IN PRINT
Heppner, R. (Ed.). (2009). Remembering Woodstock. Charleston, SC: The History Press. McCormick, K. (Ed.). (2003). Reading our histories, understanding our cultures. New York, NY: Longman.

CHAPTER OR ESSAY IN AN EDITED BOOK/ WORK IN AN ANTHOLOGY IN PRINT
Author of section, A. (Publication year of book). Title of section. In A. Author (Ed.), Title of book (pages of section). City, State: Publisher. Knapp, C. (2011). Add cake, subtract self-esteem. In J. S. Miller (Ed.), Acting out culture (pp. 232-245). Boston, MA: Bedford/ St. Martins. Riabov, V. (2007). Simple mail transfer protocol. In H. Bidgoli (Ed.), Handbook of computer networks (Vol. 2, pp. 388-406). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. Sandroff, R. (1996). The psychology of change. In D.E. Hebding & L. Glick (Eds.), Introduction to sociology: A text with readings (pp. 152-157). New York, NY: McGraw Hill.

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INTRODUCTION, PREFACE, FOREWARD, APPENDIX, or AFTERWARD IN PRINT
Author of section, A. (Year). Description. In First initial, Last name of author of book [electronic version, if appropriate] (page numbers of the section). City, State: Publisher. Jeffrey, I. (2008). Introduction. In B. Saveley, Secret city: Photographs from Peru (pp. 8-12). New York, NY: Thames and Hudson. Sulloway, F. (1998). Appendix B: A review of Born to Rebel. In K. Leman, The Birth Order Book (pp. 352-356). Grand Rapids, MI: Revell.

REFERENCE BOOKS IN PRINT
Schlager, N. (Ed.). (2000-2004). How products are made: An illustrated guide to product manufacturing (Vols. 1-4). Detroit, MI: Gale Research. Mills, L. (1996). Architecture of the Old South (Vols. 1-2). Savannah, GA: Beehive Foundation.

ITEM/ENTRY IN A REFERENCE BOOK IN PRINT
Blisten, E. (1994). Humor. In Encyclopedia America (Vol. 14, pp. 563-564). Danbury, CT: Grolier Inc. Dramatic irony. (2000). In A handbook to literature (8th ed.). Upper Saddle Rivier, NJ: Prentice Hall. Eschatology. (1982). In Webster’s new world dictionary of the American language (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.

BOOK BY A CORPORATE OR GROUP AUTHOR IN PRINT
Often, a corporate author is also the publisher. If that is the case, type the word “Author” in place of the publisher.

American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. Icon Group International. (2009). Quorum books: Webster's timeline history, 1979 - 2004 . San Diego: Author. Washington Post Writers Group. (1995). Issues in adolescent sexuality: Readings from the Washington Post writers group. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

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CITING BOOKS—ELECTRONIC FORMAT
Author, A. (Date of publication). Title of the book (edition, if provided). [version, if applicable]. Retrieved from [complete URL address] OR doi: [number]

BOOK—ELECTRONIC
Freud, S. (1911). The interpretation of dreams (3rd ed.). (A. A. Brill, Trans.). Retrieved from http://www.psychwww.com/ books/interp/toc.htm Lang, J. D. (2006). Memoirs of a middle school counselor [Kindle version]. Retrieved from http://www.amazon.com Schiraldi, G. R. (2001). The post-traumatic stress disorder sourcebook: A guide to healing, recovery, and growth [Adobe Digital Editions version]. doi: 10.1036/0071393722 Shotton, M. A. (1989). Computer addiction? A study of computer dependency [DX Reader version]. Retrieved from http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk/html/index.asp

ANTHOLOGY OR EDITED BOOK—ELECTRONIC
Dickinson, G. L., & Flynn, L. (Eds.). (2009). Nursing policy research: Turning evidence-based research into health policy [ebrary version]. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Co., Retrieved from http://lib.rivier.edu/record=b1193769~S0

CHAPTER OR ESSAY IN AN EDITED BOOK/ WORK IN AN ANTHOLOGY—ELECTRONIC
Keller, E. (1999). Gender and science. In C. Polifroni & M. Welch (Eds.), Perspectives on philosophy of science in nursing, an historical and contemporary anthology [iGoogle version] (pp. 427-439). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Retrieved from http://www.google.com/ ig?referrer=ign#max33

INTRODUCTION, PREFACE, FOREWARD, APPENDIX, or AFTERWARD—ELECTRONIC
Jahoda, G. (2002). Preface. In J. Berry, Cross-cultural psychology, research and applications [iGoogle version] (pp.xv-xvii). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Press. Retrieved from http://www.google.com/ ig?referrer=ign#max33

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REFERENCE BOOKS—ELECTRONIC
Lerner, K. L., & Lerner, B. W. (Eds.). (2004). Gale encyclopedia of science (3rd ed., 6 vols.). Detroit, MI: Gale. Retrieved from http://0-find.galegroup.com.lib.rivier.edu/gvrl/start.do?prodId=GVRL

ITEM/ENTRY IN A REFERENCE BOOK—ELECTRONIC
Baptism. (2009). The Catholic encyclopedia. New York, NY: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved from http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02258b.htm Tavris, C. (n.d.). Queen bee syndrome. In Women’s studies encyclopedia (Fall 2007 ed.). Retrieved from http://www.stanford.edu/entries.readingtrends

BOOK BY A CORPORATE OR GROUP AUTHOR—ELECTRONIC
Media Projects Incorporated. (2003). Student almanac of African American history [Kindle version]. New York, NY: Greenwood. Retrieved from http://www.amazon.com National Advisory Mental Health Council Behavioral Science Workgroup. (2000). Translating behavioral science into action. Bethesda, MD.: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Retrieved from http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS20928

Other Resources
INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED BY RESEARCHER
Interviews are personal communications, which are only cited in the text of the paper, not in the reference list. APA does not recommend including personal communications because of the difficulty of recovering them at a later time.

BLACKBOARD
Booth, S. (2010, January 22). Lecture notes: 1/20/10 [Online handout]. Retrieved from http://rivier.blackboard.com Johansson, S. (2010, February 14). Response to gender identity readings: PSY 101 [Online forum post]. Retrieved from http://rivier.blackboard.com Rampersad, J. (2010, February 16). Re: Response to gender identity readings: PSY 101 [Online forum comment]. Retrieved from http://rivier.blackboard.com O’Donnell, P. (2010, March 4). Sexuality and gender identity [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from http://rivier.blackboard.com
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ONLINE FORUMS, BLOG POSTS, WEB-BASED SOURCES
Authors often adopt screen names when posting to the web

J.Z. (2009, January 22). The unfortunate prerequisites and consequences of partitioning your mind [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://science blogs.com/pharyngula/2009/01/ the_unfortunate_ prerequisite.php MiddleKid. (2009, January 23). Re: The unfortunate prerequisites and consequences of partitioning your mind [Web log comment]. Retrieved from http://science blogs.com/pharyngula/2009/01/ the_unfortunate_ prerequisite.php pspecht. (2009, February 9). Re: Brilliant things teachers do with technology [Online forum comment]. Retrieved from http://forums.educationworld.com/index.php?t=msg&th= 2424&start=0&rid=0&S=e1cdca1c671907159563374a67958573 Smith, S. (2009, January 5). Re: Disputed estimates of IQ [Electronic mailing list message]. Retrieved from http://tech. groups.yahoo.com/group/ForensicNetwork/message/670 Zompist. (2009, September 30). Star wars: Hope not so new anymore [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://zompist.wordpress.com/2009/09/30/star-wars-hope-not-so-new-anymore/

FILM, VIDEO, YouTube, PODCAST RECORDING
Carr, P. (Producer), & Sommers, S. (Director). (2004). The mummy [DVD]. New York, NY: MCA Universal Home Video. Ferrell, W. (Producer). (2007). The landlord [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.funnyordie.com/ videos/74 Kamaron Institute. (2009, April 20). Cyber bullying prevention: A survival guide [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ck-OIP6nwLo&feature =pyv&ad= 2786451113&kw=%22internet%20bullying%22 Scott, D. (Producer). (2007, January 5). The community college classroom [Podcast file]. Adventures in Education. Retrieved from http://www.adveeducation.com

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TELEVISION PROGRAM, EPISODE, OR SINGLE BROADCAST
Bright, K. S. (Executive Producer). (1994). Friends [Television series]. New York, NY: National Broadcasting Company. Espenson, J. (Writer), & Little, D. (Director). (2009, May 1). Briar rose [Video file]. In J. Whedon (Producer), Dollhouse [Television program]. Retrieved from http://www.hulu.com/watch/ 71001/dollhousebriar-rose#s-p1-so-i0 Reich, A., Cohen, T. (Writers), & Bright, K. S. (Director). (2003). The one after Joey and Rachel kiss [Television series episode]. In K. S. Bright (Producer), Friends. New York, NY: National Broadcasting Company. Riker, David (Director). (2005, February 11). The city: La ciudad [Television broadcast]. Alexandria: Public Broadcasting Service.

AUDIO, MUSIC, PODCAST RECORDING
Ashbrook, T. (Host and Managing Editor). (2009, August 25). A family off the grid [Audio file]. In On point [Radio program]. Retrieved from http://www.onpointradio.org/2009/a-family-off-the-grid Bell, T., & Phillips, T. (2008, May 6). A solar flare. Science @ NASA Podcast. [Podcast] Retrieved from http://science.nasa.gov/podcast.htm Sexton, A. (Speaker). (1999). Anne Sexton reads [Cassette]. New York, NY: HarperAudio. Vaughan, S. (1963). Love me or leave me. On Anthology [CD]. Nashville: Stardust Records.

© Leslie Van Wagner, 2012

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CREATING A REFERENCE PAGE USING APA References Bell, T., & Phillips, T. (2008, May 6). A solar flare. Science @ NASA Podcast. [Podcast] Retrieved from http://science.nasa.gov/podcast.htm Booth, S. (2010, January 22). Lecture notes: 1/20/10 [Online handout]. Retrieved from http://rivier.blackboard.com

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Eschatology. (1982). In Webster’s new world dictionary of the American language (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Simon and Schuster. Media Projects Incorporated. (2003). Student almanac of African American history [Kindle version]. New York, NY: Greenwood. Retrieved from http://www.amazon.com Menke, M. (2005) Thy will be done: German Catholics and national identity in the twentieth century. Catholic Historical Review, 91(2), 300-320. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier. New drug cuts risk of death from heart failure. (2001, August 3). The Washington Post, p. A12. Pennsylvania Department of Education. (1999). Academic standards for mathematics. Retrieved from http://www.pde.state.pa.us/k12/lib/k12/MATH.pdf pspecht. (2009, February 9). Re: Brilliant things teachers do with technology [Online forum comment]. Retrieved from http://forums.educationworld.com/index.php?t=msg&th= 2424&start=0&rid=0&S=e1cdca1c671907159563374a67958573 Riabov, V. (2007) Simple mail transfer protocol. In H. Bidgoli (Ed.), Handbook of Computer Networks (Vol. 2, pp. 388-406). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. Riker, David (Director). (2005, February 11). The city: La ciudad [Television broadcast]. Alexandria, VA: Public Broadcasting Service. Routtenberg, A., & Rekart, J. (2005). Post-translational protein modification as the substrate for longlasting memory. Trends in Neurosciences, 29(1), 12-19. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2004.11.006 Tavani, H. T. (2007). Ethics & technology: Ethical issues in an age of information & communication technology (2nd ed.). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
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...Running head: FIRST 2 OR 3 WORDS OF TITLE Paper Title here Author Name Class number Date Note: This paper has been prepared for your reference by Dr. Kate Emmons. Please use it both as a template for your course papers as well as for tips on writing, organization, and APA format. After printing this paper for reference, replace the text and headings with your own. Save with a new filename. This paper was formatted per APA with the help of Reference Point Software (www.refpt.net), an inexpensive and recommended APA formatting tool. Last modified: 12-23-04. If you have corrections, please write to kemmons@wgu.edu Abstract [Type the abstract here, left aligned with no indentation. It should be one paragraph and 120 words or less. Note than an abstract is to summarize and introduce the PAPER rather than the topic. It is not a substitute for (or the same thing as) the introduction, which is the first section of the paper.] Paper Title Here, or First Heading for Longer Papers The purpose of this paper is to help you write scholarly papers that are driven by a thesis or position statement and are formatted per APA (American Psychological Association, 2001). The first paragraph should address the following questions concisely and explicitly: a) What is this paper about? b) What is the thesis or position statement of the paper? c) How is the paper organized? In many ways, academic writing...

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...An Example of an Essay Written in APA Style October 15, 2014 (Full Title followed by name of writer and affiliation, if applicable. Some instructors also want the class name and Instructor name to appear here. All lines should be centered horizontally and appear on the top half of the title page) EXAMPLE APA ESSAY 2 Abstract (DO NOT INDENT): An abstract is a short but comprehensive summary of main points that are made within the essay. The abstract is generally about a paragraph long, should be between 150 and 250 total words, and should not be indented. The abstract allows the reader to quickly understand the contents and purpose of the essay. Since the abstract is the first part of the essay that most readers will see, it is important to make sure that it is well-written and does a comprehensive job of summarizing the essay. If you have the fortune of having your paper published, the abstract will become particularly important in allowing potential readers to find and evaluate your essay. EXAMPLE APA ESSAY 3 An Example of an Essay Written in APA Style (title, centered, not bolded or italicized) Even though APA requires a title page, the title of the essay should still appear on the first page of the text. As the paper is written, all sources should be cited within the text. APA in-text citation requires the use of the author’s last name and the year that the information was written or presented (ex. Merk, 2010). This is different than MLA format, which...

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...1 APA Documentation in Research Papers (2014-2015) The Purpose of Referencing/Documentation A. to identify (cite) other people’s ideas and information used within your essay or term paper, and B. to indicate the sources of these citations in the References list at the end of your paper. APA Format The APA format is only one of many methods of documentation. Details about the format are found in  the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.) (at MRU Bookstore and MRU Library)  the APA Style Guide to Electronic References (6th ed.) (referred to in this handout as Electronic Guide)  the APA website at http://apastyle.apa.org/ (including Frequently Asked Questions [FAQ]) and the APA Style Blog NOTE: The APA manual is not designed specifically for students. These guidelines have been adapted to fit the needs of MRU students. Please consult with your professors if you have any questions about referencing guidelines for specific courses. Avoiding Plagiarism – Citation Principles for Essays and Term Papers [APA pp. 169170] Within essays, term papers, and any other written assignments (as in all academic work), you must identify (i.e., reference, document, cite) all quotations, paraphrases, ideas, and images from someone else’s work. You must name the original author or source and surround quoted material with quotation marks or set it in a block format as described in this handout (p. 2). Copying any material and ...

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...Following APA 6th Edition Formatting Style Johanna P. Bishop Wilmington University The Basics of Formatting a Paper in APA 6th ed. Style Introduction In order for a paper to be perfectly formatted in accordance to APA style requirements, the paper must follow certain conventions. The basic conventions include making sure that specific rules are followed regarding margins, spacing, in-text citations and formatting the cover and reference pages. Understanding what these conventions are and how to follow them will help students to properly format their papers in APA style. This paper has been formatted in APA style so that it serves as an example of what properly formatted APA style papers look like. Basic APA Conventions The most basic convention in following APA formatting is to use a one inch margin all around for the paper. Students should pay attention to what version of Microsoft office they use as the older version has set the left and right default margins to 1.25 inches while the top and bottom margins are set to one inch. That means students will have to manually adjust the margins to one inch all around. Newer versions of Microsoft Word have set the default margins to one inch all around. Preferred Font Another basic element of APA style papers is the font used. The preferred font style is Times Roman 12 point font. Since the default font for MS Word 2007 is Calibri, students will need to reset the default font on MS Word 2007. Students using older versions...

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...[pic] [pic]APA style From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search |[pic] |This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Please improve this article if you can. The talk page may | | |contain suggestions. (November 2010) | | | |Style guides | |ACS Style Guide | |AMA Manual of Style | |The Associated Press Stylebook | |The Chicago Manual of Style | |Turabian | |The Elements of Style | |The Elements of Typographic Style | |ISO 690 | |MHRA Style Guide | |MLA Handbook | |MLA Style Manual | |The New York Times Manual | |The Oxford Guide to Style/New...

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...requirement. It is unethical (and can be illegal) to pass off the intellectual property of others as your own. This is called plagiarism. Plagiarism is regarded as a very serious offence (see your programme’s Student Handbook). Learning to reference correctly is your best protection against charges of plagiarism. HINT: Whenever you read, take notes, or photocopy any material that you might use in an assignment, immediately copy the full reference information onto your copy. If you can’t reference it – you can’t use it ! What is APA? There are multiple “styles” of referencing. The major ones are the Chicago, Harvard and APA styles. Each is slightly different from the other. The AUT faculty of Health uses the American Psychological Association (APA) system of referencing. The current edition of the APA style is the 5th edition. Below are the basic elements of the APA style of referencing. These are intended as guidelines only. You may find these guidelines do not cover your specific needs. For further information you can consult the APA style manual held in the library. The Call No. is D 808.06615 PUB. For electronic references the APA keep the most recent guidelines on their website at http://www.apastyle.org APA referencing The APA style requires referencing in two different places. 1. Within the body of your assignment or in-text referencing. The author and the year (and page numbers for direct quotes) are written into the text itself, next to where the information /...

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...according to APA specifications. * Identify situations where parenthetical references are needed * Construct parenthetical references within the body of the paper. * Recognize the cross-referencing relationship between the parenthetical (in-text) references and the Reference page. * Construct a Reference list encompassing different types of source material Section I. Introduction to APA Style What is APA style? APA is an editorial style recommended by the American Psychological Association (APA) for preparing scholarly manuscripts and student research papers. It is the standard format for papers, articles, and books in the social sciences. In addition to providing standardized rules for formatting a paper (margins, line spacing, etc.), APA style provides a consistent method for citing ideas, quotations, facts, and paraphrases borrowed from other sources. This standardized format for identifying sources used in a paper makes the paper more credible and ensures that other authors are given credit for their original thoughts and ideas. Are there other styles? Just as APA style is used by teachers in the social sciences, teachers in the arts and humanities may ask you to format your paper in MLA style; a history professor may ask you to use Chicago or Turabian; a biology professor might want you to submit a paper in yet another format. There are slight differences between the formats and each has a unique set of rules. Note the differences between the APA and...

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...American Psychological Association (APA) APA Style Manual 6th Edition Quick Reference Writing-Style Handbook Strayer University March 1, 2010 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 4 CHAPTER 1 Basic Form and Appearance 5 Margins 5 Spacing 5 Font Styles 5 Page Numbers 5 Page Headers 6 Title Page 6 Headings 8 Numbers 9 Lists 10 Abbreviations 10 Tables and Figures 10 CHAPTER 2 SUPPORTING DOCUENTATION FOR ACADEMIC PAPERS 13 In–Text Citation 13 Direct Quotations 14 Works with no Author or with an Anonymous Author 15 Work by Two Authors 16 Work by Multiple Authors, five or more 16 Paraphrasing 17 Do Not Plagiarize 18 Using Block Quotations 19 Reference List: Basic Rules 20 References within the Reference List 20 Reference Examples for Periodicals 20 Reference Examples for Non-Periodicals 21 Electronic Sources 22 Examples for Internet Sources 22 Miscellaneous Sources 24 CHAPTER 3 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES 26 APA Writing Style Quick Reference Introduction This writing-style handbook is intended to provide basic examples of APA style, modeled after the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (2010). The intent is not to provide detailed instructions relative...

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...DeVry University APA Handbook ii Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................ 2 Avoiding Plagiarism .................................................................................................. 3 What Needs to Be Cited? ........................................................................................ 3 What Does Not Need to Be Cited?............................................................................ 3 Using Sources ......................................................................................................... 4 Quotations ........................................................................................................... 5 When to Quote .................................................................................................. 5 Tips and Suggestions.......................................................................................... 5 Paraphrases ......................................................................................................... 5 When to Paraphrase ........................................................................................... 6 Tips and Suggestions.......................................................................................... 6 Summaries .......................................................................................................... 6 When to Summarize .............................

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