...The aim of this essay is to explore an aspect of clinical practice that I have experienced whilst working as a first year student midwife in hospital. The clinical aspect I will examine will be the handover of care. The reflective model I will be using is Stephenson’s, 1993 cited in Benbow et al (2013). Stephenson’s model of reflection will enable me to use a framework specifically targeted at health professionals; this will enable me to link theory to practice and given up to date evidenced based care. The purpose of reflection is to explore the science and art of Midwifery, it is essential for decision making (Raynor, 2010). The essay will examine the psychosocial and communication surrounding handover. Midwives are faced with handover of care on every working day. Handover is a summary of details regarding the woman’s physical condition, personality, relationship, capability and overall judgement from one midwife to another midwife (Wickham, 2008). Midwives are placed to be with woman supporting, informing and educating at a vulnerable time of their lives which can result in emotional instability; midwives need to be effective at taking care of woman’s emotional needs as well as their physical ones (Raynor, 2010.) The sociology aspect of handover has been affected by the government as there are less midwives working, the birth rate is rising and there is a shortage of beds so it is in the agenda to discharge women when it is possible to (Deery et al, 2015). In accordance...
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...Juan Sanchez Dr. Bridgette McAden MAT 110/50 February 27, 2012 William A. Massey – Mathematician He was born in Jefferson City, Missouri, as the younger of two sons of Richard and Juliette Massey. He is a graduate of the public schools of St. Louis, Missouri and attended high school in University City, a suburb of St. Louis. After receiving a Harvard Book Award and a National Achievement Scholarship at University City High School, he entered Princeton University in 1973. There, he encountered his first real introduction to research mathematics in an honor calculus course taught by the late Ralph Fox. He wrote his undergraduate senior thesis, titled "Galois Connections on Local Fields,'' in algebraic number theory, under the direction of the late Bernard Dwork, and graduated from Princeton in 1977 with an A.B. in Mathematics (Magna Cum Laude, Phi Beta Kappa, and Sigma Xi). That same year he was awarded a Bell Labs Cooperative Research Fellowship for minorities to attend graduate school in the department of mathematics at Stanford University. In 1981, he received his Ph.D. degree from Stanford and his thesis, titled "Non-Stationary Queues,'' was directed by Joseph Keller. Dr. William Massey's parents, Juliette and Richard Massey Sr. were both educators; she was from Chattanooga, Tennessee and he was from Charlotte, North Carolina. They met at Lincoln University in Jefferson City, Missouri which became his birthplace. Professor Massey's initial fascination with numbers...
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...June 13 Performance Management by Prof Lise Saari 08 Fall Halo Errors in Performance Management Systems - Anita Rajendran Performance Appraisals are the backbone of Human Resources and a crucial aspect of the entire Performance Management System (PMS) but also the most difficult to implement. The effectiveness of a Performance Appraisal can be seriously impacted by the common errors that raters make. Halo is one such error and can be defined as "the influence of a global evaluation on individual attributes of a person" (Nisbett & Wilson, 1977, p. 250) or "the influence of a rater's general impression on ratings of specific ratee qualities" (Lance, LaPointe, & Stewart, 1994, p. 339). The article tries to understand the background and research done into halo error and whether there is clear evidence to suggest that there is a positive or negative link to rating accuracy due to Halo error. It attempts to see if there are ways in which an organization can effectively utilize these research findings to counter halo error or whether any experiments done are effective only in a laboratory setting. Finally review on whether this aspect of the performance appraisal can be incorporated into an actual performance appraisal system. Individual Research Paper – Halo Error in Performance Management Systems Introduction and Background 3 What is Halo Error – The underlying research and theory 3 Deep Dive 5 How to counter the halo error or reduce error? 5 Effective use...
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...I/O psychology. According to “Industrial and Organizational Psychology” (2014), “Industrial/Organizational (I/O) psychology is both the study of behavior in organizational work settings and the application of the methods, facts, and principles of psychology to individuals and groups in organizational and work settings” (para. 1). I/O psychology combines two major divisions: industrial psychology and organizational psychology (Huelsman, 2008). Industrial psychology could be considered psychology for human resources. Topic areas of industrial psychology include recruiting and selection, performance management, and learning and development. Organizational psychology includes topics such as personality, organizational behavior, and communication (Huelsman, 2008). Because all disciplines of psychology are rooted in science, organizational psychologists are expected apply scientific research to...
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...into organisations? (Abbott, Walton, Tapia, & Greenwood, 1999) Along with the science-practice gaps identified by Rynes et al. (2002), a number of major changes occurring in the workplace over the last 10 years (e.g., increases in demographic diversity, changes in the nature of work, increases in outsourcing and downsizing, and skill shortages) suggest the need for HR practitioners to learn about new research findings that can assist in improving the management of HR. (Burke, Drasgow, & Edwards, 2004) There are numerous terms that can be used synonymously when talking about work psychology: industrial, applied, organisational, occupational and work psychology are all used interchangeably as well as related terms as industrial and organisational psychology and ergonomics. Due to historical reasons as well as ethnocentrism so many terms exists. In this essay the term applied psychology will be used. It is contrasted with pure psychology and it encompasses all psychology looking at the...
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...organizational part focuses on group performance, leadership, and motivation. Research is important for organizational psychology. Evidence based practice be used along with collecting data to provide real life examples of how real life works. Theories and research are used in work and non work groups, this helps one another interact better so that later both can also work well together. Organizational psychologist also practice scientific-practitioner model to help create a foundation of research and techniques to help solve problems within an organization. Organizational psychology is not a science to many although it may involve research and theory and evidence. “How organizational psychology can be used; organizational psychology can be applied in a multitude of ways, for example, to analyze individual personality variables and career interests. Evaluate prospective employees as well as train, develop and evaluate the job performance of current employees. Study how work conditions affect aspects of job performance”. Organizational psychologist often work with the organization’s human resources department to help them with hiring process ensuring they select candidates that best fit the organization and help improve those already within the organization. Because organizational psychology uses scientific methodology, it makes it better for the organization to understand behavior....
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...Astrophysics: the study of the physics of the universe Bacteriology: the study of bacteria in relation to disease Biochemistry: the study of the organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms Biophysics: the application of theories and methods of the physical sciences to questions of biology Biology: the science that studies living organisms Botany: the scientific study of plant life Chemical Engineering: the application of science, mathematics, and economics to the process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms Chemistry: the science of matter and its interactions with energy and itself Climatology: the study of climates and investigations of its phenomena and causes Computer Science: the systematic study of computing systems and computation Ecology: the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment Electronics: science and technology of electronic phenomena Engineering: the practical application of science to commerce or industry Entomology: the study of insects Environmental Science: the science of the interactions between the physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment Forestry: the science of studying and managing forests and plantations, and related natural resources Genetics: the science of genes, heredity, and the variation of organisms Geology: the science of the Earth, its structure, and history ...
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...“organize and manage” (Cooper and Schindler, 2011, p. 4) responsibilities. One of the first stages of business research is to translate the research into a business decision over a situation into relevant objectives that can be put into action. When applying research, knowing the difference between applied research and pure or basic research assists in researching and having the ability to make clear and precise decisions regarding a given situation. According to Peter Lennon, (1995) “The difference between applied research and pure research is that in one work is done in order to bring a particular product to the market place, and in the other research is done out of curiosity about how the world works”. To be more precise, applied research is research that, in a given situation, will help decision makers understand what factors and the conclusions and consequences of making certain decisions. Pure, or basic, research is just research without any given qualities as to why something is happening and has no defined outcome or specific decision. In the decision of how to pay a salesperson, the pure, or basic, research question would say that the salesperson should be paid, but the applied research questions how the salesperson should be paid, either as a salaried employee or based on sales, earning a commission on every product sold. As the...
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...significant importance to the business, and explain why. Ethical and social responsibility of a company are critical to the integrity of the organization and how the community at large views and supports the organization. As stated by Kelly, McGowen, & Williams, 2014, Ethics is about standards of beliefs regarding right and wrong, good and bad and business ethics is how this is applied in the workplace. In business, ethics is directed towards the conduct of individual employees of the organization with regard to their daily behavior. However, Social Responsibility is the organizations obligation to contribute to the great good of society. Chipolte has specific polic in their code of conduct that specifically address holders, who are As a Service Representative working with customers on a daily basis for Enterprise Rent-A-Car, sustaining effective communications with our customers and my co-workers is essential in accomplishing and maintaining my daily work activities, 2) Explain the steps that the company should take to ensure that employees follow the code of conduct. The communication was effective and valued; the customer was contacted, informed, apologized to about the reservation issue and was supported with future service that will be completely satisfied. It provides the management team detailed understanding and awareness that there was a serious matter at hand that was causing a solemn disservice to our customers while frustrating the team as well. Management...
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...Early 20th century rural life Early 20th century city life Industrialization I/O psychology didn’t appear out of no where, natural growth of times major influences: economic, social, and psychological Economically: industrial boom around turn of 20th century — promoting interest in efficiency Societal: growing acceptance of theory of evolution changed way people thought of communities and societies Protestant work ethic: supported capitalism (became basis of society) Psychology: undergoing change, accepting scientific method Frederick W. Taylor Frederick Winslow Taylor was primarily interested in removing all inefficiency from the workplace, and he targeted his efforts toward the manual worker, aiming to increase their productivity and reduce their judgment. As a result he invented scientific management, which was based on four principles (Beder, 2000, p98): The most efficient way of doing a task should be worked out scientifically; Workers should be carefully selected and trained to do the work in this way; Workers should do their work under the close supervision and control of management and be paid a bonus for doing exactly what they say; Management should take over the planning and thinking part of the work. Taylor considered the manual worker to be stupid, slow and unintelligent, with little or no thinking abilities. The ‘thinking’ part of any job, he claimed, was for intelligent, educated people, and the workers’ job was to “follow instructions about...
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...THE Professional Practice S E R I E S James W. Smither Manuel London EDITORS Performance Management Putting Research into Action A Publication of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology Performance Management The Professional Practice Series The Professional Practice Series is sponsored by The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Inc. (SIOP). The series was launched in 1988 to provide industrial and organizational psychologists, organizational scientists and practitioners, human resources professionals, managers, executives and those interested in organizational behavior and performance with volumes that are insightful, current, informative and relevant to organizational practice. The volumes in the Professional Practice Series are guided by five tenets designed to enhance future organizational practice: 1. Focus on practice, but grounded in science 2. Translate organizational science into practice by generating guidelines, principles, and lessons learned that can shape and guide practice 3. Showcase the application of industrial and organizational psychology to solve problems 4. Document and demonstrate best industrial and organizationalbased practices 5. Stimulate research needed to guide future organizational practice The volumes seek to inform those interested in practice with guidance, insights, and advice on how to apply the concepts, findings, methods, and tools derived from industrial...
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...13 Edexcel No – GI 18931 American College of Higher Education, Kandy Contents Plagiarism Acknowledgement Introduction 1.1 Major theoretical approaches 1.2 Assess the contribution of a scientific approach to investigating workplace behaviour 1.3 Assess strength & limitations of qualitative & quantitative approaches to understand the workplace behaviour 2.1 Describe the type of individual differences which have been the subject of assessment 2.2 Assess the usefulness of psychometric instruments with particular references to reliability and validity 2.3 Make justified communications for the use of two types of measures of individual differences in making business decisions 3.1 Use the theory to explain human reactions to change 3.2 Make justified recommendations for implementing change in selected organization 3.3 Make justified communications for achieving attitude change amongst a group of stakeholders in a selected organization 4.1 Explain how culture influences performance in a selected organization 4.2 Evaluate the climate for a selected work group 4.3 Make justified recommendations for improving performance for a selected work group Conclusion References Plagiarism Clause I, Dashny Sarvaloganayagan...
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...Justine joy balberanImportance of Statistics in Different Fields Statistics plays a vital role in every fields of human activity. Statistics has important role in determining the existing position of per capita income, unemployment, population growth rate, housing, schooling medical facilities etc…in a country. Now statistics holds a central position in almost every field like Industry, Commerce, Trade, Physics, Chemistry, Economics, Mathematics, Biology, Botany, Psychology, Astronomy etc…, so application of statistics is very wide. Now we discuss some important fields in which statistics is commonly applied. (1) Business: Statistics play an important role in business. A successful businessman must be very quick and accurate in decision making. He knows that what his customers wants, he should therefore, know what to produce and sell and in what quantities. Statistics helps businessman to plan production according to the taste of the costumers, the quality of the products can also be checked more efficiently by using statistical methods. So all the activities of the businessman based on statistical information. He can make correct decision about the location of business, marketing of the products, financial resources etc…(2) In Economics: Statistics play an important role in economics. Economics largely depends upon statistics. National income accounts are multipurpose indicators for the economists and administrators. Statistical methods are used for...
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...18, 2014 Synthesis of Literacy According to Street (2006), what may be deemed as the “New Literary Studies” may in fact represent a new tradition about the nature of literary, stressing not so much on literacy as a mental technology (applied technology) or a set of qualified skills and competencies but rather on “what it means to think of literacy as a social practice”. In their paper “Toward a Theory of New Literacies Emerging from the Internet and Other Information and Communication Technologies,” Leu et al. (2004) arrive at the same conclusion. According to them, the three basic elements of literacy – reading, reading instruction, and literacy instruction – are undergoing abrupt changes as new technologies acquire new literacies to fundamentally alter the ways in which literacies are exploited for the good. Street’s model does not isolate cultural and ideological assumptions that underlie this ‘new autonomous model of literacy.’ The purpose of which cannot be overstated. Recent research in new literacy studies suggests literary practices vary across cultural spaces and thus the effects of the different literacies vary by context. For Leu et al. (2004), new literacies not only change intermittently (with the emergence of new communication technologies) but also as responses to certain cultural challenges. However, the emphasis is different. In Street’s paper, the emphasis is on engaging social literacies with social acts (inside and outside the classroom, across various...
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...of ethics and without ethics a business may fail before it really gets off the ground. Social Responsibility sometimes can become a thorn in a business because of the way the consumer or society feels about how that business deals with social responsibility. This can go either way where a the consumer may feel as though the organization should make the responsible decision and on the other hand the organization feels as though it is not their responsibility it is the responsibility of the consumer. This is and has been a battle that goes back and forth for a long time and to current today it still goes back and forth between the consumer, the courts, and the organization. Business ethics can be defined as a form of professional or applied ethics that looks at ethical morale, principles, and problems that may come about in a business environment. Here are just a few expert opinions on ethics and social responsibility. This will give the consumers and idea on how the corporate shareholders and upper management feels and think on the subject of social responsibility and ethics. When managers considers new and different strategies then make their decisions based upon those strategies this is what is known as a strategic process. While such businesses are implementing strategies they should take into account the external and internal environment, internal and external consumers, and operation within the...
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