...In the northern part of where we live, only 272 miles away, lies a national refuge containing huge herds of caribou, polar bears, musk ox, and many more animals. All these animals have lived on those lands before the creation of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) in 1960. It is a place where people can come and see all these creatures that are not seen very many other places. Although we all love this refuge, there are still some people that want to destroy it by putting drills in it and even after losing 50 times they keep trying over and over again. Unfortunately, these animals are losing their homes to a huge drill for oil. There is a lot of controversy over whether drilling should be allowed in this national refuge. Proponents...
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...President Carter's foreword to "Arctic National Wildlife Refuge: Seasons of Life and Land, A Photographic Journey", by Subhankar Banerjee is filled with use of imagery to persuade the audience to share the idea that Arctic National Wildlife Refuge should not be used for industry. President Carter shares a story with the audience about how his wife and himself went on an arctic expedition to experience the beautiful "timeless quality about this great land." (Carter 2). President Carter's attempts to persuade the audience to continue efforts to preserve the Arctic refuge uses a blend of imagery and strong evidence and reasoning to support that evidence followed by emotion; creating a very persuasive argument. President Carter shares...
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..."The extraordinary wilderness and wildlife values of the Arctic Refuge have long been recognized by both Republican and Democratic presidents." Former President Jimmy Carter established his claim that the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge should not be involved in industry by encouraging mental images, emphasizing morality, and remarkable word choice. Carter emphasizes his claim through imagery. The author states ,"..Dall sheep cling to cliffs and wolves howl in the midnight sun." Those involved in industrialization are hypnotized into visualizing wolves howling and seeing "..[a] mosaic of wildflowers." These descriptions hint at the fragility of nature, specifically the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. The author also said “..sounds...
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...To Drill or Not to Drill Aloma Chase HUM/111 03/10/2013 Jennifer Beaman To Drill or Not to Drill Alaska drilling in the ANWR refuge is a controversial debate because of the issues which are associated with destroying the wilderness. The ANWR is located in the “North Slope area of Alaska and eight million acres of this selected segment of the landscape is in the National Wilderness Preservation System, which is intended to protect pristine and untouched land areas” (Burley, 2010, p.1). Drilling for oil in the ANWR will destroy the environment; endanger the caribou herds, birds, and other wildlife. However, the opposing viewpoints contend that it would provide jobs, help with our oil supply, and not destroy the land. Examining other alternatives for energy shortages in the United States would prevent the destruction of the ANWR and other protected habitats. Renewable sources of energy like solar energy, and wind power would not affect the environment or cause pollution. The dependence on oil and other fossil fuels needs to be curtailed, so, the Alaska Refuge is not destroyed. Additionally, “each year oil operations on Alaska’s North Slope emit more than 70,000 tons of nitrogen oxides, which contribute to smog and acid rain” (National Resource Defense Council, 2010, p.1). Toxic oil spills kill the plants and vegetation, air pollution caused from drilling and emissions affects the air quality, and hazardous waste contaminates the water supplies. The drilling on...
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...The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is a national wildlife refuge located in the northeastern part of Alaska. It consists of over 19 million acres in northeast Alaska. It is run and controlled by the Fish and Wildlife Service in the Department of the interior. Its 1.5 million acre coastal plain located on Beau Fort Sea is currently viewed as one of the biggest and most likely next US onshore oil and gas prospect. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge was created in 1960 to protect and maintaining its’ naturally maintaining area of arctic and sub-arctic ecosystems. In 1971, congress enacted the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act to resolve all Native aboriginal land claims against the US. It provided monetary payments and also created Village Corps. In 1980, Congress enacted the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act which include several sections about ANWR. The Artic Range was renamed the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Section 1002 of ANILCA directed a study of the coastal plain, which is now known as the 10-02 area, which I will talk about later. The main objective is to protect and maintaining its naturally maintaining area of arctic and sub-arctic ecosystems. This refuge is home to a wide variety of plants and animals. There are many different species of big game that roam this area, there are 36 fish species, 36 kinds of land mammals, over 160 bird species and 9 marine animals, which include: caribou, polar bears, grizzly bears, wolves, migratory birds...
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...What is the ANWR? The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is a national wildlife refuge in north-eastern Alaska, States. It consists of 19,286,722 acres. It is the largest National Wildlife Refuge in the country. It was established in 1960. What is a wild life refuge? A wild life refuge is a place which gives animals the space and freedom they need to feed themselves and raise their young. Because the land is protected they can do these things without clashing with people. Where is the ANWR and why is it being preserved? The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is a national wildlife refuge in north-eastern Alaska, States. The reason why it is being preserved is because Robert Marshall in 1938 was able to understand how we would change the habitats of animals and destroys them to get the things we need like oil. So he proposed a ‘permeant American Frontier’ that would preserve a big chunk of Arctic Alaska wilderness. In the 1950’2, people who were worried about habitat loss and pollution proposed to Congress for that same frontier. In 1960, Congress created the refuge. When did they discover oil in Alaska and how much is estimated to be there? They discovered the oil i9n Alaska in 19870 at Prudhoe Bay it supplied two million barrels of oil a day. However as time has gone on the amount of oil that is in the Bay has decreased and is getting lower and lower each year, this has then lead to the U.S government having to find new oil supplies and one of these is in the ANWR....
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...truck and the only thing ruining it was the price of gas. I found myself recalling stories that my dad would tell me about when he was a kid and a gallon of gas only cost 15 cents, I thought to myself how great it would be if gas prices were that way now. The click of the gas pump shutting off snapped me out of my day dream as I looked to see that $115 of my pay check was now gone. b. Today I will first discuss the positives of drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge I then will compare them to the negatives. I hope by the end of this speech that you will have a better understanding about drilling in the ANWR. II. About ANWR c. (Wikipedia) USGS says ANWR is the nation’s single largest oil reserve. d. ANWR comprises of nearly 20 million acres of the north Alaskan coast. The land is situated between the Beaufort Sea to the north, Brooks Range to the south, and Prudhoe Bay to the west. e. (Kriz, Margaret. "Tapping pristine territories" ) ANWR is a coastal plain, the only part of the refuge where oil is suspected to exist, is a flat and featureless wasteland that experiences some of the harshest weather conditions in the world. Temperatures drop to nearly -70 F. There are no forests or trees at all. III. Positives for drilling f. (Wallace, Scott. "ANWR: The Great Divide.") The monetary value of ANWR’s pumpable oil is projected by the U.S Energy Information Agency to be between $125 billion and $350 billion. g. (in the same...
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...Should the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Be Opened to Oil Drilling? SCI207 Dependence of Man on the environment July 11, 2010 Abstract The rising cost of gas has been a great debate for consumers and congress. Currently the price of gas is between $2.71 to 3.39 depending on what state you live in. Consumers are finding it more and more disturbing that gas is increasing what is it going to take to make the prices decrease? Is oil drilling here in the United Stated the best thing to do? Oil Drilling has been a topic for our government for years. It seems that the debate is that oil should be drilled hear in our United States. Some have stated that oil drilling would be costly. But it would also reduce the amount we consumers spend on gas. If drilling was to take place there is an area in Alaska where the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is. I hope to show the positive side of oil drilling in Alaska and the negative affects it will have on oil drilling. Currently, I understand both sides of drilling oil but it is not fair to kill off wildlife if oil drilling could be possibly found in areas where there aren’t any wildlife would be good or if the government could provide proof that if oil drilling was to take place that the wildlife would not be hurt. As we look at both sides of why to drill and why not we can explore just what seems to be the big problem we and what the decision should...
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...In today’s society, wildlife conservations are often consumed by industrial developments. Former US president Jimmy Carter, along with numerous other advocates, stands against these movements to preserve America’s ‘last truly great wilderness’. In his foreword to Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Jimmy Carter implements vivid imagery along with personal testimonies to make emotional appeals to craft a convincing argument. Through his passage, Carter effectively raises awareness in Americans about preserving earth resources and wildlife ecosystems over economic benefits. Throughout the passage, Carter employs several imageries to portray the beauty of Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Polar bears and caribous give birth, Dall sheep cling to...
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...In Subhankar Banerjee’s adaption of former President Jimmy Carter’s Foreword to Arctic National Wildlife Refuge: Seasons of Life and Land, A Photographic Journey, Carter advocates for the preservation of the Arctic Refuge, “a symbol of our national heritage.” He aspires to prevent it from getting marred “by a web of roads and pipelines, drilling rigs and industrial facilities.” To successfully convey his argument, Carter implements tactical reasoning and appeals to the ethical side of the readers. Through sharing his own “fortunate opportunity to camp and hike in these regions of the Arctic Refuge,” Carter efficiently and promptly appeals to the ethical and emotional side of the readers. Starting with a personal narrative and his experience is powerful, since it immediately begins to depict a beautiful image of the Arctic Refuge to the readers, For those individual who have not had the chance to visit the Arctic Refuge, the image that they have in their minds is that of Carter’s, which is one of “brilliant mosaic wildflowers” and the “tundra flood[ing] with animals.” Similarly, through phrases like “a timeless quality” and “once-in-a-lifetime wildlife spectacle,” Carter, a man of great stature, creates a sense of curiosity in the reader, which adds to their magical...
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...He creates a mosaic of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge that seemingly makes the park comparable to a wildlife paradise. The problem is that he relies too much on this picturesque scene. Instead of presenting facts as to why oil drilling in the refuge would be a bad idea, he spends the majority of his essay describing his visit to the refuge, which had occurred years before he wrote this forward. Carter relies too much on pathos and fails to present reliable logos arguments, thus making his forward on the refuge ineffective. Carter writes this forward to address proposals to open the refuge to oil drilling. Part of the problem is that he doesn’t confront the proposals until paragraph six. He spends the first four paragraphs discussing a trip that he and his wife took at least 10 years prior to the creation of the...
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...Federal Regulatory Agencies Teresa Bryant Barry University Public Law and Administration PUB 647 Dr. Stephen Sussman June 26, 2014 Federal Regulatory Agencies The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) is the principal Federal agency dedicated to fish and wildlife conservation. The Service’s history spans nearly 140 years, dating from the establishment of its predecessor agency, the Bureau of Fisheries, in 1871. First created as an independent agency, the Bureau of Fisheries was later placed in the Department of Commerce. A second predecessor agency, the Bureau of Biological Survey, was established in 1885 in the Department of Agriculture. In 1939, the two Bureaus and their functions were transferred to the Department of the Interior in 1940, They were consolidated into one agency and redesignated the Fish and Wildlife Service by Reorganization Plan III (Fish and Wildlife Service, n.d., p. 1). The Fish and Wildlife Service’s works to conserve, protect and enhance fish, wildlife and plants and their habitats. To contact the agency or department you can access the agency website at http://www.fws.gov or http://www.fws.gov/duspit/contactus.htm. The agency is located at Fish and Wildlife Service, 1849 C Street NW, Washington, DC 20240 and the telephone number is (202)-208-5634 (Public Affairs routes all call from here) or toll free at (800) 344-9453. The parent agency is the Department of the Interior (DOI) at http://www.usa.gov/directory/federal/department-of-the-interior...
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...Energy Summary Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Not many people are familiar with the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, and how we as a nation benefits from it. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, is located in the Northeast corner of Alaska, is positioned north of the Arctic Circle and 1,300 miles south of the North Pole. The Alaska National Wildlife Refuge is approximately 19.2-million acres that was created in order to give provisions to a variety of plant and animal life of any Park or Refuge in the circumpolar arctic. This area served as a vital factor due to the ecological and evolutionary process because of the fact that different kinds of life forms can grow. In 1980 Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act renamed "Range" to "Refuge," and increased the two areas of the Refuge and assigned a big part for Wilderness, let Congress have a portion of the coastal plain for oil and gas development, and designated three Wild Rivers (Voss, 2006). There were mixed feelings in reference to discovering of oil on the land with concerns of whether or not the drilling would cause harm the areas of the ecosystem. Even with the concerns, and after confirmation was made on the negative impact that the drilling would cause with the ecosystem the senate and the House of Representatives passed measures to allow it. There was jobs created from this, and the cost of the oil was less than imported oil in 2004. This also created an ecological...
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...It is a vital birthing ground for polar bears, grizzlies, Arctic wolves, caribou and the endangered shaggy musk ox.” The quote explains that if America drills through Alaska for oil, they will be destroying a vast amount of habitats that belong to the native animals of Alaska. Drilling for oil can harm the environment in various ways, including creating over 60 waste sites. Another harmful effect would be disturbing wildlife and turning over 1,000 miles of tundra into an industrial zone. On average, the document explains that drilling in Alaska will cause a large amount of damage to the...
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...Energy Summary Sarah Guillen SCI/362 Dr. May 6, 2013 Abstract This energy summary will review three cases, The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, The Yucca Mountain, and The Three Gorges Dam. The summary will recognize each kind of energy source, its comparative abundance, environmental impact, and the ethical and economic concerns of each of these cases selected. This summary will pinpoint prominent stakeholder’s, value the disadvantages and advantages of each of these energy sources according to the stakeholder’s vision, and possible tactics for resolving limited-resource issues raised in these selected cases while adding the role of conservation into these tactics. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge The debate about opening the refuge for oil drilling has been going on since 1980. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is closer one of the world’s largest pipeline systems, which is the Trans-Alaska Pipeline that starts in Prudhoe Bay and goes to the south of Valdez. Fourteen barrels of crude oil have been produced by Prudhoe Bay, making it the first time in the United States history to import more than half the oil it uses since the early 1900s. Such interest to open the oil drilling began after it decreased for five years after the Alaskan oil spill. The Department of the Interior admitted the opening the oil drilling will damage the area’s ecology and consequently the House of Representatives and the House settled to allow it. The ethical and economic problems...
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