...learned that a Muslim is a person who practices Islam. Islam is the name of the religion. Muslims sometimes claim that there is no Muslim culture, only a Muslim religion. However, people in today's society do not acknowledge this distinction since we view religion as one aspect of one's culture. Muslim culture generally includes all the practices which have developed around the religion of Islam. Muslims are obligated to follow the practices of Islam in every detail in daily life. These practices are dictated by the Qur'an of Koran. The Muslim's sacred book, which is considered to be the final word of God. These practices are reported to be the practices and sayings of the prophet Muhammad. There are several cultural aspects of the Islam religion that Muslims practice. For example, there are five major tenets (pillars) in the Islam religion a Muslim is expected to follow. The first is "There is only on God (Allah) and Muhammad is the Messenger of God". The other four are the practical obligations of daily prayer, fasting, paying annual money to be distributed among the poor, and making the pilgrimage to Mecca. Islam is considered the fastest growing religion in the world. There are approximately 1.3 billion Muslims constituting a fifth of humanity. Most are under 25. The US has an estimated 5.7 million Muslims. Although Christianity still is the world's leading religion, Islam is a close second. Muslims wish to educate Christians in their religion. Muslims fear that with...
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...Pakistani" shows the following characteristics: 1. Is a Muslim 2. Considers Urdu to be the sole National Language of Pakistan. 3. Accepts the history Pakistan Studies Textbooks present as fact. 4. Says "Thank You Raheel Sharif" and looks towards India as a grave external threat. 5. Is affluent and influential. 1. IS A MUSLIM: Being a Muslim...
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... The misinterpretation of this word was first started by Ali ibn Tahir al-Sulami, He was a Damascene jurist and a pious Muslim who was the first to preach jihad against the crusaders in the aftermath of the First Crusade. He was one of the first to misconstrue jihad and preach the misinterpretation of jihad .He wrote the book Kitab Al- Jihad which means “book of the holy war”. In this book he proposes for the first time Jihad as a means of warfare against non-believers. “If he did not undertake the sending of enough troops to fight, those who are absent (must) go out, and consider as an obligation that which God (who is praised) said.” The above excerpts explicitly prove the aggressive nature of his ideology and the eventual misinterpretation of Jihad. The above statement suggests to Muslims if god didn’t send enough men to war against non-Muslims then it is the obligation of every Muslim to fight this war against non-believers. This concept was shouted through speakers in mosques and had a lot of audience hence the impact it had on Muslims was much more. His concept of jihad as warfare and fight against non-Muslims originated thus and slowly gained favor amidst other Muslim leaders as well. Jihad today is practiced in many countries all over the world. However, as stated earlier Jihad’s true meaning was lost in the course of human history .What we have and practice today is a corroded or corrupted version...
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...someone ??? … well , we can get the answer for this question by the saying of another scholar , algzander the great ……. He said ‘’ I you want to spoil someone , keep them totally away from their cultural values ‘’ …….. A big shock for us ….. rather, the biggest …… We are losing our cultural values ……. We are a blind nation ….. our brains are blind that cant even chose , what culture should be adopted ?? ….. We are being chopped by many cultures …….. we are adversely affected by western culture …….. harshly crushed by Indian civilization ….. whereas we are compelled to study Pakistan ……… and forced to b called a muslim …….. Which corner do we smash our heads ?? …….. in which direction ???? …..where should we go ??? I can hear the screams of a man in the air when he is being killed , a lady being raped , when a kid being cut into small pieces …… just for being a muslim ???? ....
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...Describe the role of business in the economy. Business is what makes up our economy. Without business we wouldn’t have an economy. Business IS economy. Get where I’m going with this? There is no easier way to explain this concept. Business brings services and products which brings employment, which brings salaries and income. Economy depends on the progress or performance of big and small businesses. The type of economy in the United States is a capitalistic economy. This means that it revolves around the big and small businesses in our economy. If the major businesses are doing well, our economy will do well too. Compare and contrast the roles of for-profit and nonprofit organizations in the economy. The two types of organizations in our economy are for profit and non profit. For profit organizations sole purpose is to bring in more money that it spends. Or in other words, to simply make a profit. With profit made, the business owners can choose to keep all the money for themselves or they can use it on their business to expand it or do anything else that they feel necessary. They can also use some or all of it to share between their employees. This is where compensation plans such as employee profit sharing comes from. Whatever they do with their profit made, is their choice. Some forms of for profit organizations include; partnerships, small or large corporations and sole proprietorships. A non profit organization provides services to the community without making a...
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...extremely controversial where individuals are targeted of suspicious behaviors based on their race, religion or ethnicity. People of color in the United States experience controversial confrontation with law enforcers constantly. There will be discussions on multiple confrontations with law enforcers and the possibility of how each can be considered discrimination. Some racism against young African American needs to be addressed and law enforcers need to stop targeting minorities. As mentioned above, racial profiling refers to discriminatory practice by law enforcers, or others authorities of the law, target specific individuals due to their race, ethnicity or religion (American Civil Liberties Union). Some of the many recent targets include Muslims, who have been labeled as terrorists, African Americans as gang members and with Donald Trump’s recent dramas, Latin Americans are labeled as immigrants. All these labels mentioned above are based on either race or ethnicity which have no value or importance. Before discussing some of the details in racial discrimination, A brief explanation of the history of racial profiling (American Civil Liberties Union). Racial profiling in the United States dates back to 1700’s during time that many African Americans were slaves and those who did not have an owner had to prove it with registry papers (Opposing Viewpoints). Those African Americans that were free were constantly...
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...adolescence. Parvez enjoys his job because he gets to work late shifts where the roads are more clear and he does not have to spend so much time with his wife, because he sleeps at day. They live in England and Parvez has fullyinto western culture and the English way of life, instead of holding onto Pakistani beliefs and culture. Parvez likes English culture and wants the rest of the family to adopt a Western lifestyle also. It seems like Parvez totally opposes his background and the Muslim faith the muslim way of life does not seem to interest him or impact his life in any shape or fashion. Ali was a straight A student and excelled in sports.efore his interest shifted completely to religion. Because of his disgust for the Western way of living, Ali has completely ended all of his relationships with his English friends, his English girlfriend, and he’s even given up playing all sports. He has also got rid of Western possessions. Ali is quick to judge his father when he does anything not true to the Muslim faith. For example, when they are at a restaurant talking Ali shuns Parvez for drinking alcohol and eating pork, two things that strongly goes against his religious beliefs. Parvez does not speak to his wife very much and especially not about any of his worries. Instead he talks with a prostitute named Bettina who Parvez drives as a passenger, but they become friends. Parvez feels that he has lost his son,...
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...their leaders. The founder of Islam is Muhammad, which means the worthy of praise. At the age of forty, Muhammad experienced something strange, while he was meditating in a cave outside of mecca, on Mount Hira when an angle named Gabriel (jibril) appeared to him and delivered a special message from Allah, which means the God. He recited Qur’an to his people of mecca and the people started to believe that Muhammad was a prophet. Fundamental authority is the Qur’an and most emphasis is placed on the basic five pillars and all of Islam is based on the principle of mercy, and those who expect mercy from God must be merciful themselves. Islam preaches the divine presence of God or Allah in daily life. By prying regularly, they believed that Muslims can come to better understand the nature of God and partake in his divinity. The founder of Sikhism is Nanak Dev also know as Baba, which is grandfather. At the age of thirty, Nanak had a vision through which he had face-to-face conversation with God, who gave him a cup of nectar to drink and bestowed upon him “the gift of my name”. He was told by God to teach others about the path of God. Nanak became the first “guru” to teach about this new path, also known as a...
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... World Religions Islam is one the largest and fastest growing religions in the world, second only to Christianity. The Islamic faith believes that there is only one God, who is named Allah. The Qur’an is the holy scriptures of Islam, believed by Muslims to be the words of God revealed to the great prophet Muhammad for the purpose of educating Muslims on how to live spiritually, mentally, and physically pure lives. An interview on the religion of Islam was conducted with Lonna al’ Moctar, a thirty-nine-year-old administrative assistant at The Muslim Community Center of Louisville in Louisville, Kentucky. The Muslim Community Center of Louisville is the newest mosque in Louisville and is the “boldest architectural expression of Islam to date in Louisville” (Smith, 2010, para. 2). The Muslim Community Center of Louisville is a mosque “intended as a place of interaction for all faiths” to learn about Islam, and is also home to an adjacent school, the Islamic School of Louisville, for pre-school, elementary, and middle school students (Smith, 2010, para. 7). Not unlike the construction of other mosques across the nation, The Muslim Community Center of Louisville had its share of opposition; however, its neighbors never complained about the construction of the mosque itself. Shortly after approval of the building plans, mosque leaders did have to revise the design of the mosque. Eventually an agreement was reached between...
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...qÜÉ=_~ëáÅ=aáÑÑÉêÉåÅÉ=ÄÉíïÉÉå=`~éáí~äáëí=~åÇ=fëä~ãáÅ= bÅçåçãó= ^ëëÉíJÄ~ÅâÉÇ=cáå~åÅáåÖ= `~éáí~ä=~åÇ=båíêÉéêÉåÉìê= mêÉëÉåí=mê~ÅíáÅÉë=çÑ=fëä~ãáÅ=_~åâë= 6 9 V NM NO NQ NR Musharakah qÜÉ=`çåÅÉéí=çÑ=jìëÜ~ê~â~Ü= qÜÉ=_~ëáÅ=oìäÉë=çÑ=jìëÜ~ê~â~Ü= Distribution of Profit Ratio of Profit Sharing of Loss 17 NV OP 23 24 24 qÜÉ=k~íìêÉ=çÑ=íÜÉ=`~éáí~ä= j~å~ÖÉãÉåí=çÑ=jìëÜ~ê~â~Ü= qÉêãáå~íáçå=çÑ=jìëÜ~ê~â~Ü= Termination of Musharakah without Closing the Business OR OU OU 29 Mudarabah _ìëáåÉëë=çÑ=íÜÉ=jìÇ~ê~Ä~Ü= aáëíêáÄìíáçå=çÑ=íÜÉ=mêçÑáí= qÉêãáå~íáçå=çÑ=jìÇ~ê~Ä~Ü= `çãÄáå~íáçå=çÑ=jìëÜ~ê~â~Ü=~åÇ=jìÇ~ê~Ä~Ü= 31 PO PP PQ PR ÅçåíÉåíë= Musharakah & Mudarabah as Modes of Financing mêçàÉÅí=cáå~åÅáåÖ= Securitization of Musharakah Financing of a Single Transaction Financing of the Working Capital 37 PU 39 42 43 pçãÉ=lÄàÉÅíáçåë=çå=jìëÜ~ê~â~Ü=cáå~åÅáåÖ= Risk of Loss Dishonesty Secrecy of the Business Clients’ Unwillingness to Share Profits House Financing on the Basis of Diminishing Musharakah Diminishing Musharakah for Carrying Business of Services Diminishing Musharakah in Trade RO aáãáåáëÜáåÖ=jìëÜ~ê~â~Ü= 52 54 55 56 RT 59 63 63 Murabahah fåíêçÇìÅíáçå= Some Basic Rules of Sale Bai’ Mu’ajjal (Sale on Deferred Payment Basis) 65 SR 66 70 jìê~Ä~Ü~Ü= pçãÉ=fëëìÉë=fåîçäîÉÇ=áå=jìê~Ä~Ü~Ü= Murabahah as a Mode of Financing Basic Features of Murabahah Financing Different Pricing for Cash and Credit Sales The Use of Interest-Rate as Benchmark Promise to Purchase Securities...
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...FAMILY LAW II (MUSLIM LAW) CIA 3 RIGHT TO DIVORCE FOR MUSLIM WOMAN AND KHULA SUBMITTED BY: POUSHALI NANDI CLASS: III BA-LLB (C) REGISTER NO: 1216227 INTRODUCTION Romans, Hebrews, Israelis, all such religion had divorce in one or the other forms. But even though such provision was recognised in all religions Islam is perhaps the first religion which has expressly recognised the termination of marriage by way of divorce. Divorce among the ancient Arabs was easy and of frequent occurrence. In fact, this tendency has even persisted to some extent, in Islamic law in spite of the fact that Prophet showed his dislike to it. It was regarded by the Prophet to be the worst and hateful form of divorce before the Almighty God as it prevented conjugal happiness and also effected the proper bringing up of a child. Under Muslim law, a marriage is dissolved either by the death of the husband or wife, or by divorce. After the death of a wife, the husband may remarry immediately. But the widow cannot remarry before a certain period called ‘iddat’ expires. In case of death of the husband, iddat period is four months and ten days. In case of pregnant woman, iddat period is till the delivery of the child. Generally both the parties to marriage have an option to divorce, but the husband’s right is considered to be greater than that of the woman. The woman or the wife cannot divorce herself from her husband without his consent. But this does not mean that the wife has...
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...evolution dates back to the days of Greeks and Romans who imitated the Hindus and engrossed Hindu beliefs Lynch (2012). Hindus hold the belief that hitherto, Hindu culture and civilization takes the chief position in the world. No other religion has brought forth as many prominent saints, Yogins, maharishis, sages, rishis, acharyas, prophets, poets, statesmen, kings, and heroes as Hinduism. The Hinduism has undergone severe challenges. Some of the most notable include their controversial caste system which discriminates against the lower castes. The caste system neglects the poor and the disadvantaged in the society; therefore, distinct social barriers exist. Hinduism has also struggled in the wake of the introduction of other religions such as Muslim and Christianity. Hegel et al. (2006) identified that Hinduism has no set of organized or systematic approach in its teachings nor do they have a set of rules to associate with like the Ten Commandments in Christianity. However, Hindus have a common belief in a Supreme Being and tend to follow certain concepts including Truth, Dharma, and Karma. Hindus believe in the authority of Vedas or sacred blockaders although interpretation may vary significantly across followers. Some of the key beliefs of the Hindus include the following. First is the notion that Truth is eternal, and hence,...
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...was highly suppressed and left to only uneducated, rural part of population. Religion was seen as a"opium of the people" Marx, Karl; Engels, Friedrich (2002). "3. I. a. Feudal Socialism". In Jones, Gareth Stedman. The Communist Manifesto (paperback) (New ed.). London: Penguin Group. pp. 246–247. ISBN 978-0-140-44757-6. Retrieved 10 March 2015. In Bosnia, where I grew up we had almost equal part of Muslim, Catholic and Greeko-orthodox population. My both parents where educated, my mom was a teacher and my father was involved in local communistic party (just like anyone else on high positions). My mother was Greeko – orthodox, father was Muslim. None of them practiced religion because it was seen as something that only old people and...
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...their ancestry. Furthermore, the physical separation created by the Sahara desert also played a major role into accentuating the disparities. We will explore here, how the introduction of Islam in both regions differed significantly and how in the secondary phase of “rooting” of the faith, this key difference in the first contacts the religion had in these two regions led to the establishment of two distinct Islams. Finally, we will demonstrate that when we look beyond the complexity of both processes, they ultimately share many similarities. The main difference in the process of arrival of Islam in North Africa and Sub-Saharan African is displayed by the rapidity of expansion. Whereas by 720, North Africa was controlled by the Muslims, the adoption of Islam below the Sahara appeared to be more slowly paced and gradual.There exists such a disparity because of the modes of introduction of Islam in both regions. While Islam was imposed in North Africa, we can say Islam arrived in Sub-Saharan in a more pacific manner and we can even suggest that its adoption was negotiated. In North Africa, the spreading of Islam was part of the great empire building process undertook by the Caliphs,...
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...dialects, forms of address, customs, taboos, and other cultural elements influence interaction among different groups. Numerous films contain excellent examples of intercultural communication and are highly useful resources for teachers. Additional reasons for teachers to incorporate films in class and encourage their students to watch movies in English include: • Films combine pleasure and learning by telling a story in a way that captures and holds the viewer’s interest. • Films simultaneously address different senses and cognitive channels. For example, spoken language is supported by visual elements that make it easier for students to understand the dialogues and the plot. • Students are exposed to the way people actually speak. 2 2010 N u m b e r F • Films involve the viewers, appeal to their feelings, and help them empathize with the protagonists. • DVDs usually come with subtitles in English, which facilitates understanding and improves reading skills. After discussing the importance of teaching intercultural communication and suggesting films that match specific cultural categories, this article describes some activities to use when showing a film in the classroom and presents a task-based project involving the use of films. Using films for intercultural training Culture, according to one definition, is the values, traditions, customs, art, and institutions shared by a group of people who are unified by nationality, ethnicity, religion, or language. The...
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