...Gothic Architecture can be viewed as the skyscrapers of the medieval era with the sheer height of the buildings and the slender windows and columns adding to the verticality of the buildings. In his book 'Gothic' Prof. Dr Bruno Klein enlightens the readers that Gothic Architecture was not entirely initiated with the construction of St. Denis by Abbot Sugar but rather played as major catalyst for the movement which had slowly started to appear in the late Romanesque movement. By instigating a search through Klein's work a better understanding of the Gothic movement can be achieved. This paper will discuss in detail factors that contributed towards the Gothic movement and how the movement was not initiated by the construction of St. Denise by Abbot Sugar but rather a few years before hand. By exploring factors such as political, social and cultural beliefs and values that influence the dramatic change that helped emerge the gothic movement and differ it from its predecessor. Aim of this paper is showcase and illuminate the differences between Gothic and Romanesque Architecture but also how past Architectural styles transcends over time rather than stop with the Architectural movement ends and moves to another. The fact that the founding stone of Gothic Architecture was laid on the july 14 1140 can be disputed (Toman and Bednorz 2007, pg 28). According to Prof. Dr. Bruno Klein the rebuilding of the choir of the Benedictine church of St. Denis was begun at the influence of Abbot...
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...Running head: ROMANESQUE VS. GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE 1 Romanesque vs. Gothic Architecture WGU Humanities IWT 1 ROMANESQUE VS. GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE Romanesque vs. Gothic Architecture Romanesque architecture, one of the most important styles of European art that developed during the Middle Ages in a time of heavy religious fervor. During the Romanesque period devout Christians would undertake long pilgrimages in order to visit and venerate the relics of saints and martyrs. Large numbers of people moved from one monastery to another creating travel routes which would later become trade routes. Because of this large influx of people, churches were built large enough to hold hundreds of people. Romanesque architecture style was one of the first to build entirely with stone materials instead of wood because stone was the only thing that would support the heavy roofs. The 2 structure was massive, boxy and low to the ground. Round Roman arches, thick walls, and small windows are typical of the buildings. All Romanesque architecture was built to make a statement of power and wealth. Romanesque buildings were not just churches, abbeys, and monasteries; they also encapsulated the castles. These castles were used as power sources and were built to be sturdy and long lasting during times of war. This meant that buildings were serviceable, durable, defensive, and strong, but not very creative. The Gothic style grew out of the Romanesque architectural style, when both prosperity and...
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...one became famous for its specific brand of art and architecture. The names of those three styles are Byzantine, Romanesque, and Gothic. Arriving in the spotlight first is Byzantine art. Originating from the Byzantine Empire, this style's art revolved around mosaics and icons. Usually wooden, icons were small paintings of holy figures such as Berlinghiero's "Madonna and Child". Byzantine art did not display these saints in grandeur and color but in still, flat forms, often...
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...Check Art What are the differences that separate Romanesque and Gothic architecture ? What made Italian Gothic architecture unique Romanesque architecture was influenced not only by early Christian and Byzantine styles but by native forms as well . Although Romanesque varied from region to region , there were some common characteristics . The use of the round arch was a major feature of the sober and dignified style Towers are prominent features of many Romanesque churches . In addition there were many regional differences . In Italy , Romanesque is distinguished by the use of marble for facing the walls . In northern France , especially Normandy , western facades are flanked by two towers Similar to the architecture of Normandy is the English Romanesque style usually called Norman architecture . German Romanesque , or Rhenish churches often have both western and eastern apses . On the other hand gothic architecture originated and attained its highest development in northern France . It is distinguished mainly by the use of the pointed arch , traceried stained-glass windows , and elaborate ribbed vaults . The lightness , delicacy , and soaring height of the Gothic cathedral were possible because of the pointed arch , ribbed vaults , and flying buttresses . Use of the pointed arch with the Romanesque rib and panel vaulting method possible Gothic vaults of great height and span . With the weight of the multiribbed vault supported by buttresses , the cathedral became a stone...
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...The collapse of the Roman Empire broke the unity in Western Europe. Different cultural patterns and styles began to merge and take on new forms. A common theme throughout medieval art is religion. Architecture focuses mainly on the construction of churches, where Christians would come to worship. Throughout time, the style of church architecture transforms from being relatively simple and true to the balanced proportions of Roman buildings, to the churches that extend to a much greater height and increase in complexity. Christian iconography was another major form of art during the medieval times. While this was a consistent style throughout the time period, the method of representing Christian figures evolved. The three majors of style of art that reflect the ideology of medieval art include Byzantine, Romanesque, and Gothic style. The Byzantine Style comes from the Byzantine Empire, which survived the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 (Jarus). The architecture from...
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...Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Romanesque capital under consideration belongs to a set of four which had been installed in the cloister of the monastery of Saint – Rémi. This monastery of Saint – Rémi is located in the geographical region of Remis, France, Europse. Constructed using the medium of limestone, the dimensions of this piece of art are; 13 x 21 x 21 inches. Even though the cloister had been destroyed and reconstructed during the seventeenth century, the surviving remains of the monument which were found in the Reims region which corresponded to this Romanesque capital were utilized as an aid for the demonstration of its origin. On the whole, a general analysis of this piece of art indicates the expertise of this art form, particularly in terms of the establishment of an appropriate balance of proportions while ensuring that the aspect of delicacy is maintained. Moreover, a general observation of the Capital from the Cloister of the Monastery of Saint – Remi portrays the perfection which has been maintained in the right selection of shapes and forms. Also, the way the different patterns have been carved into it, throws light on the originality, artistry, perfectionism and the skills of the carver. Specifically addressing the differences between the Romanesque capitals and the classical Roman capitals, it is generally observed that irrespective of the fact that the art form of Romanesque is fundamentally inspired by the Roman architecture, it is generally...
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...The Gothic Age Possible Introduction Standing before a piece of Gothic art, whether it is a painting, sculpture or a cathedral, you are drawn to a visual exploration like none you have ever seen. Where does the art start and end? The style of Gothic art draws the eye's attention at every turn. A choir of medieval spiritual beliefs is told in art, singing harmoniously in a language from long ago, which eludes us at the frontier of our memory reminding us of stories told throughout the years. History of Gothic Art Gothic is the name given to the style of architecture, painting, and sculpture which flourished in Western Europe, mainly France and England, between the 12th and 15th centuries. The label of 'Gothic' was coined in Italy, during the Renaissance, as a derogatory reference to the art and architecture of these earlier centuries. The defamation was a comparison to the earlier Goth barbarians. Goths were an ancient Teutonic people, who were an important power in the Roman world from the 3rd to the 6th century AD. The entire Goth population divided into the Ostrogoths and the Visigoths, aligned themselves with the Roman Empire, and set out to conquer and rule. It is during this timeframe that the artistic influence of the Goths took hold and began to spread, mixing Gothic and Roman artistic styles. With the passing centuries, Gothic became more clearly associated with the closing era of the medieval age. In time, the separating point between...
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...* Architecture Paper * HUM/266 April 16, 2013 * Architecture Paper * This paper will compare the architecture of Classical Greek temple such as the Parthenon and medieval Gothic cathedrals such as Salisbury or Amiens cathedrals. The paper will also include the date each structure was built, the main purpose it was built and the type of architecture. The major architectural innovations in each style and the obvious symbolism of each style will also be included. The integral sculptures will also be included and which style the author personally find more interesting, appealing and why. The Acropolis of Athens is a complex of buildings on top of the Acropolis rock watching over Athens. The most recognizable building on the Acropolis is the Parthenon; this structure is one of the most iconic structures in the world. The building is old but stand strong and continue to influence modern-day architecture every western country. Under the leadership of Pericles, the Parthenon was built sometime between the years 447-432 BCE. The structure was designed to be the focus of the Acropolis building complex and was dedicated to the goddess Athena Pallas. The building project of the Acropolis was to demonstrate the political and cultural achievements of Athens and Greece and to accommodate the enormous statue of Athena that was made of gold and ivory by Pheidias. The Parthenon continues to marvel anyone who visits the historic site. Earthquakes, wars, vandalism and looting...
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...Final research paper Art history Beth mchale Mrs Cozad 14th December, 2015 Christian art and architecture has been developed dramatically though out the centuries, from Early Christian through the Gothic eras. There are four classification in the development of Cristian art: Early Christian and Byzantine, Early Medieval, Late Medieval—Romanesque and Late Medieval—Gothic. Art and architecture from these periods all tell stories from that specific time in life, they give factual knowledge on the information that we have today, allowing us to relate to these time periods. The first era in which is going to be spoke about is the Early Christian and Byzantine time period of 500-1000. In the Early Christian and Byzantine time...
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... Art during the Middle Ages saw many changes and the emergence of the early Renaissance period. Byzantine Art was the name given to the style of architecture used in very early Middle Ages Art. This period was also known as the Dark Ages ( 410 AD - 1066 AD ). The advances of art in the Middle Ages was due to the changes in more liberal religious beliefs and the efforts and the pioneering art styles developed by the artists, sculptors and painters of the Medieval period of the Middle Ages. The Later Middle Ages saw the emergence of Gothic Art and the advances of art in the Middle Ages. During this period, artists broke away from the influences of the Byzantium and Romanesque art style. It developed into Gothic and Middle Ages visual art. Middle Ages art increased from the type of art depicted in Pietistic painting (religious art) in the form of illuminated manuscripts, mosaics and fresco paintings in churches. Christian Art - based on religion Romanesque Art Approximately 1000 A.D. to the 13th century. Spread across the whole of Catholic Europe Influenced by Byzantine art Gothic Art developed out of Romanesque art in the mid-12th century spread to all of Western Europe consisted of sculpture, panel painting, stained glass, and fresco. Byzantine Art had more of a symbolic approach developed out of the art of the Roman Empire iconography was created. The artists and painters were founders of the movement towards greater realism that culminated in the Renaissance art style...
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...Gothic Revival and All of its Glory Architecture, just like fashion, set trends that change as time goes by. The revolution of style occurs to become concurrent to the fast pacing growth of technology throughout the world. At present, the style that governs and favored upon by most architects is that of contemporary or of modern design. Everywhere you look, one can see buildings made of glass and steel with forms that exhibits simplicity and openness. But it was not always that way, before the increasing popularity of modern architecture, a style characterized by its rejection of the classical approach, became apparent in today’s time, there was a prevailing architectural movement during the 19th century called Gothic Revival that encompasses all the other neoclassical styles in that period. Gothic Revival that is also known as Victorian Gothic or neo-Gothic architecture got its name from the medieval Gothic Architecture it was influenced to. Back in the Medieval era, the style wasn’t referred to as ‘Gothic’ yet, it was only during the period of the Renaissance that the term became commonly used by the people, which was started by Italian architect, historian and writer Giorgio Vasari, deemed all buildings of the middle Ages to be that of having a rude and barbaric quality because it does not conform to the traditional designs of classical Greek and Roman, and also thought of as having an association with the savage Goths, the people who were responsible for the fall of the...
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...Middle Ages and Renaissance Art Western Governor’s University It is interesting how two different artistic periods can compare to each other. When comparing Middle Age art to art of the Renaissance, I find a vast transformation of ideas and mentality between the two eras. The Middle Ages, also called the Medieval period, lasted from the 5th to the 15th century. It began with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. Christianity, religion and the church played an important role in life in the Middle Ages. Life seemed difficult in the Middle Ages. A vast majority of the population could read or write. The population’s hope was declining and this lead to a strong belief that the next life in heaven would be better than the current life that they were in. The basic government and society in Europe during the middle ages was based around the feudal system. (Eco, U. (1986). Because Christianity played an important role during the Middle Ages, early Christian art icons were popular such as images of Christ, the Virgin Mary or saints. Also popular were illuminated manuscripts that were of a religious nature. Because of the radiant glow created by the gold, silver, and other colors that were used, these handwritten and decorated or painted texts were called illuminations. These were still being created in the Middle Ages. Architecture of the Middle Ages also focused on a Christianity theme. Two...
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...The Classical Period The Classical Art Period consisted of ancient Greek and Roman art and fell between the years 900 BC and 31 BC. During the Classical Period, Athens and Sparta were dominant cities in the Greek region. These cities were suspicious of one another, but managed to live peacefully together until the 5th century, BC. Cultural and political differences between the two cities caused a rivalry to form. The rivalry was eventually quelled after a brutal war which ultimately ended in the demise of both cities and the rise of Macedonia as the dominant power in the region. Eventually, the social structure in the Classical Period became somewhat of a democracy and an open society which we have emulated in the United States (“History of Greece: Classical Greece”, 2014). Many other wars occurred over the course of the Classical Period, and this culture of war contributed to the realism of the art of the time. The brutality of war and the effects it had on Greek society inspired artists to focus on man, rational thinking, and logic (“History of Greece: Classical Greece”, 2014). Greek artists in the 5th century, BC began to realistically imitate humans and animals through art (Boardman, 2012). These Greek artists gained a better understanding of anatomy and the human body’s mechanics, giving them the ability to realistically render the human form in multiple positions without appearing awkward. Logic was valued over emotion in sculptures. This means that facial expressions...
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...Gothic: The Evangelical Cathedral In Sibiu [pic] The artwork is very much 3dimensional and the materials used to complete this project are not really known but it is constructed with a gothic style characterized with arched bolts on the walls and tombstones. The colors used are pretty simple, built with a 13th century theme. Its measures include 73.34 meters in height and is well known as the largest building built in Romania and also verified as the highest cathedral in the country. The uses of value, line, shape and value are very much similar to the same styles due to the fact of the way that the cathedral is built. The towers are all symmetrical to each other and each stone is the same size all around so that gives its shape also a well round symmetrical look throughout the whole outside of the cathedral. The arts subject matter of the cathedral was intended on a creation of a historic landmark. Built in the place of Romanesque building from the 12th century, but the entire structure depicts influences from central Europe. The artwork can be known as representational because it represents a landmark towards central Europe. Its structure is surrounded and built upon statues and monuments which exist of great value, also due to the fact the cathedral was renovated and constructed over due time shows its importance towards past and future references. This work of art represents a gothic architect in Transylvania which it was built in 1520, this cathedral...
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...Final Project: Art Timeline University of Phoenix Instructor ART/101 Final Project: Art Timeline Architecture has long been a reflection of the attitudes and views of society in which the buildings have been built. The styles, just like political movements, often shift from one end of the spectrum to the other in rebellion against the previous conventions. The shift from Romanesque and Gothic, however, was not a cut and dry transition but more of a fluid transition from one style to the next. The influence of the Gothic style can be seen on churches in different regions in Europe. Although the style may vary slightly from one region to the next, the elements of Gothic architecture can be seen in each of the churches. Saint Denis cathedral is truly the first Gothic cathedral seen in Europe. The construction to renovate the smaller existing structure started in 1135 and was managed by Abbot Suger until the completion in 1144. In Example 1 the arched doorways, lancet windows, flying buttress, and spire can be seen. The stained glass rose window can also be seen, which is found in most, if not all, Gothic cathedrals. The cruciform can be seen in the floor plan, but where Example 1 differs from the previous Romanesque style is that the cathedral is taller and the large windows provide for ample lighting in the worship area rather than a dim, artificially meeting place (Medieval Spell, 2011). One example of the Gothic style is the cathedral...
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