...Earlier today the US Army issued a statement via a press conference notifying the public that rescued Soldier SGT Bowe Bergdahl is being charged under the Armed Forces Uniformed Code of Military Justice. SGT Bergdahl was charged with 1 count of Article 85 which is desertion with intent to sherk important or hazardous duty and 1 count of Article 99, misbehavior before the enemy by endangering the safety of a command, unit or place. The Article 85 charge carries a maximum punishment of a dishonorable discharge, reduction in rank to PVT, forfeiture of all wages and confinement for 5 years. The Article 99 charge carries a maximum punishment of a dishonorable discharge, reduction in rank to PVT, forfeiture of all wages and confinement for life. For those unfamiliar with SGT Bergdahl, he left his patrol base while serving in Afghanistan in 2009 and ended up getting captured by the enemy and held in captivity for 5 years until the US Government negotiated his release. This case will undoubted bring allot of different emotions out different people because of their ethical views on the issues at hand. Some may think that him being a prisoner of war for 5 years being mistreated by the enemy is punishment enough. Others may think as a Soldier, he must be held accountable for his actions regardless of the circumstances his actions put him in. We also have to consider the people that got killed and injured in the numerous search and rescue attempts made when it was discovered that...
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...[pic] BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION WITH HONOURS MAY / 2012 MPW2153 MORAL STUDIES MATRICULATION NO : 740704125850-001 IDENTITY CARD NO. : 740704-12-5850 TELEPHONE NO. : 016-3699817 E-MAIL : : madelinaj@maybank.com.my LEARNING CENTRE : SABAH LEARNING CENTRE Tables Of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Drug Laws 2.0 DISCUSSION 2.1 Global Overview on the Status of the Death Penalty for Drug Offences 2.2 The Pros of Death Penalty 2.2.1 Precedent Server 2.2.2 Just Punishment 2.2.3 Society Safety Concerns 2.2.4 Excess Sympathy 2.3 The Cons Of Death Penalty 2.3.1 Wrong Convictions 2.3.2 Costs 2.3.3 Deterrence 2.3.4 Rehabilitation 2.4 Religious Views On Death Penalty 2.4.1 Buddhism 2.4.2 Hinduism 2.4.3 Christianity 2.4.4 Islam 3.0 SUGGESTION TO REPLACE DEATH PENALTY 3.1 Life Imprisonment 3.2 Prison with Parole 3.3 Rehabilitation or Reformatories 3.4 Community Service Orders 4.0 SUMMARY REFERENCE 1.0 INTRODUCTION Law is a system of rules and guidelines which are enforced through social institutions to govern behavior. Laws are made by governments, specifically...
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...the death penalty? ‘Punishments are imposed on a person, not on racial or economic groups. Guilt is personal. The only relevant question is: does the person to be executed deserve the punishment?’ (Ernest van den Haag, 1986) According to Amnesty International, 139 countries have abolished the death penalty. In 2010, only one country, Gabon, abolished the death penalty for all crimes. During 2010, 23 countries executed 527 prisoners and at least 2,024 people were sentenced to death in 67 countries. More than 17,833 people are currently under sentence of death around the world (‘The Death Penalty Worldwide’) According to the United Nations, the highest per capita use of the death penalty is in Singapore, with a rate of 13.57 executions per one million population for the period 1994-99 (‘Executions Under Fire’) The death penalty is the most extreme form of punishment a government can use on its citizens Pros for death penalty ‘Simply put there is a class of people whose crimes are so heinous…that the death penalty should apply’ (Paul Rosenzweig, 2003) It is believed that governments can protect people by retaining the death penalty for murder and serious crime Opponents believe that governments should not take a life under any circumstance International human rights law forbids the execution of people who are under 18 years of age at the time of their crime (‘Death Penalty For Minors’) Cons for death penalty Unlike other punishments, the death penalty is...
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...Commander’s and First Sergeant’s Quick Reference Guide to Army Regulations December 2011 (Version 2) CPT Joe Byerly Joe.byerly@us.army.mil CPT Michael Shepard michael.j.shepard@us.army.mil 1 Commander’s and First Sergeant’s Quick Reference Guide to Army Regulations Chapter 1 Table of Contents 1. PURPOSE ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 General .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Credits ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 2. ARMY WEIGHT CONTROL PROGRAM (AWCP) ........................................................................................ 6 2.1 References ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Main Points ................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Company Commander Responsibilities........................................................................................................ 6 2.3.1 General Requirements ..................................................
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...registered in the United States as of 2008. The vast majority of motorcycle riders are law-abiding citizens who enjoy motorcycles as a hobby or form of transportation. Some enthusiasts even belong to clubs or groups devoted to motorcyclists; for example, an estimated 230,000 riders belong to the American Motorcyclist Association, one of the largest motorcycle clubs in the United States. What I will be talking about today is a small portion of motorcycle clubs that function as gangs and engage in a variety of deviant behavior and criminal activities. Individual members of such clubs proudly call themselves “One Percenters,” a nick name that originated from a comment made by the American Motorcycle Association that “99% of bikers follow the law.”! ! In an article; Leathers and Rolexs: The Symbolism and Values of the Motorcycle Club by! James F. Quinn and Craig J. Forsyth wrote “It is difficult to distinguish a modern one percenter from other bikers unless the patch is present. Further, the core traits of one percenters and their clubs are merely the extreme of a continuum that runs from law-abiding to crime immersed and from the countercultural gang member to the sophisticated subcultural entrepreneur.”! ! There are 4 distinct types of offending that can be observed with these groups:! Spontaneous expressive acts, which are typically violent crimes that arise between rivals in social settings and are committed by small numbers rather than the entire group, such as bar...
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...Barrister M. Zillur Rahman Course Teacher Legal Environment of Business (L-501) Institute of Business Administration University of Dhaka Dear Sir: Subject: SUBMISSION OF GROUP TERM PAPER Here is the report on “An Overview of Bangladesh Legal System with Special Reference to Criminal Justice Administration System”. This report mainly gives an overview of the legal system of Bangladesh and its history. The report gives special focus on the criminal procedures and systems used in Bangladesh. Moreover, the report also analyses two real life criminal cases with the help from the theories and techniques learned from the Legal Environment of Business Course. We would like to thank our Course teacher Mr. Zillur Rahman for giving us the support and opportunity to write this report. It has been an honor and a privilege. Sincerely Yours, ________________ Apon Das (Roll 03) __________________________ Rahman Saihad Shahid (Roll 06) Contents Executive Summary vii 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Authorization 1 1.2 Problem and Purpose 1 1.3 Objectives 1 1.4 Literature Review 2 1.5 Methodology 4 1.6 Scope 4 1.7 Limitation 4 1.8 Report Organization 5 2.0 Research Findings 6 2.1 Definition of Law: 6 2.2 Overview of the Bangladesh Legal System 6 2.2.1 Sources of Law 7 2.2.2 Law of Bangladesh: 7 2.2.3 Rules of Law 9 2.2.4 Judiciary System of Bangladesh 9 2.2.5...
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...the topic of forgiveness Chasity Webster PSY 400 Martin Methodist College Forgiveness is one of the most compassionate things that we can do for one another. The term is greatly misinterpreted and because of this it is not often given in the truest sense of the word. Forgiveness requires finding and feeling compassion and then being able to let go of anxiety, anger and yearning for revenge. Letting go of grudges and bitterness can make way for compassion, kindness and peace. In an article reviewing compassion, the authors define compassion as the feeling that arises in witnessing another’s suffering and that motivates a subsequent desire to help. The definition theorizes compassion as an affective state defined by a specific independent feeling, and it differs from treatment of compassion as an attitude (Goetz & et. al 2010). According to Webster’s Third Edition, to forgive is to cease to feel resentment against, on accord of wrong committed, to give up claim to requital from or retribution upon an offender, to absolve; pardon. Generally, forgiveness is a decision to let go of resentment and thoughts of revenge. The act that hurt or offended you might always remain a part of your life, but forgiveness can lessen its grip on you and help you focus on other, positive parts of your life. Forgiveness can even lead to feelings of understanding, empathy and compassion for the one who hurt you. Forgiveness doesn't mean that you deny the other person's responsibility for hurting...
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...the information in your notes is accurate so that when you need to reflect on it, it is correct. Taking notes with misinformation would defeat the purpose when it came to preparing for your exam. The next step in memorization is encoding. When you encode something, it is like you are making a permanent place in your brain for the memory. Some of the best ways to remember things are using imagery, such as photographs, to relate the information to. By doing this, when you see the image again, you will remember the concept or idea that is tied to it. Also, while reading your material, take the time to tie your personal life experiences to what you are reading about. I did this in this class when we were learning about reinforcement and punishment. While I was reading that section of the chapter, I thought about how it applied to the things I do with my children. Now when I see the term positive reinforcement, I remember the examples I thought of and know what the definition is. The third step in memorization is to rehearse. This simply...
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...Karra Bryant ENG 1020-011 Mrs. Shiner-Swanson Final Research Paper The Sale of Human Organs In the US recently the issue of human organ trafficking has become a bigger and bigger problem. When people hear that human organs are being bought and sold on the black market, they think that kind of thing only happens in third world countries, but it is quickly becoming one of America's biggest issues. People spend years of their lives on the transplant list waiting for a life saving operation, and they think that if they just buy whatever they need, it will solve all their problems. What most people don’t understand is how corrupt and dangerous organ trafficking is. The sale of human organs either facilitated through a doctor or on the black market, will soon be a huge problem in the near future. People on one hand are becoming so desperate for life saving transplants, and on the other hand people are looking to make a profit from buying or stealing organs and selling them on the black market. Organ trafficking is already an issue in third world countries, and will become a problem in the United States before we know it. The history of human organ transplant dates back further than most people would think. The curiosity of transplant dates back before modern medicine, in 9th century BC where individuals sewed animal parts together. In 4th century BC, Chinese texts describe Tsin Yue-Jen, a surgeon who switches the hearts of two people. This is the first documentation...
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...Introduction to Ethics Abortion May 1, 2014 Rights of the fragile Wendy McElroy is an individualist anarchist and individualist feminist. In her article “The Abortion Debate That Wasn’t” she states that “a woman’s body is a woman’s right” and she proceeds with her argument that “the law must protect a woman's right to control her own body, it must acknowledge a woman's right to abort” (McElroy). To support her argument, she offers the following premises: first, the purpose of law in society is to protect person, property, and individual rights; second, individuals have the right to do anything with their own bodies and property whether or not those actions are "moral" by some standard. Morality is a matter of individual conscience, not of law. I have to say that she is using the ethical egoism moral theory here, but I disagree with her because an abortion is a violation of the main idea of human morals, the idea about inviolability of human life. Certainly, by having an abortion a woman deprives the unborn child of its life. So, my argument is that premeditated killing of a human being, even if the human being is still in the womb, is a form of murder. Therefore, abortion is a form of murder. To support my claim I will use the following premises with evidence. My first premise is that a unborn child is a human being. From the point of view of modern biology (genetics and embryology) human life as a biological individual begins at the moment the male’s sperm and the female’s...
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...Final Project: Appeals Process Paper University name here Your name here CJS/220 09/99/2012 Instructors name here What is an appeal? An appeal is a process which assists defendants from wrongful incarceration, (What are Appeal Courts for? 2004). An Appeal if successful allows the higher court to over-turn a lower court’s decision. An appeal is also a defendant’s way of challenging the court’s decision. In the Criminal Justice system, an appeal takes place when an offender “tried in court”, is found guilty, later sentenced or someone who is already convicted and incarcerated may be released from incarceration or a sentence vacated if the prison term has not commenced with a successful appeal. A sentence can be vacated via an appeal, or reduced even after the sentence has begun. In Federal court, the attorney or offender files a brief(s) in support of their motion 2255 to vacate the sentence. In Europe, they follow a different standard as follows: But it is as well to remember, for example, that while article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights,agreed in November 1950, guarantees you a fair trial, it does not guarantee you a right to appeal against the outcome of that trial. The right of appeal is to be found in article 2 of the Seventh Protocol to the Convention which was only agreed so 34 years later, in November 1984. So, even in the legal thinking of the modern world, appeals are something of...
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...In pre-Islamic times, apart from a small number of urban trading settlements (such as Mecca and Medina), most of what was to become Saudi Arabia was populated by nomadic tribal societies in the inhospitable desert.[38] The Islamic prophet, Muhammad, was born in Mecca in about 571 A.D. In the early 7th century, Muhammad united the various tribes of the peninsula and created a single Islamic religious polity. Following his death in 632, his followers rapidly expanded the territory under Muslim rule beyond Arabia, conquering huge swathes of territory (from the Iberian Peninsula in west to modern day Pakistan in east) in a matter of decades. In so doing, Arabia soon became a politically peripheral region of the Muslim world as the focus shifted to the more developed conquered lands.[39] From the 10th century to the early 20th century Mecca and Medina were under the control of a local Arab ruler known as the Sharif of Mecca, but at most times the Sharif owed allegiance to the ruler of one of the major Islamic empires based in Baghdad, Cairo or Istanbul. Most of the remainder of what became Saudi Arabia reverted to traditional tribal rule.[40][41] In the 16th century, the Ottomans added the Red Sea and Persian Gulf coast (the Hejaz, Asir and Al-Ahsa) to the Empire and claimed suzerainty over the interior. One reason was to thwart Portuguese attempts to attack the Red Sea (hence the Hejaz) and the Indian Ocean.[42] Ottoman degree of control over these lands varied over the next four...
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...Territorial Sea is established up to 12 miles from the baseline of the coast. This is an extension of the land and the coastal state exerts full sovereignty over the area. It is an area of national jurisdiction. Also establishes a contiguous zone where the coastal State may exercise the control necessary to (1) prevent infringement of its customs, fiscal, immigration or sanitary laws and regulations (2) punish infringement of the above laws and regulations committed within its territory or territorial sea. The contiguous zone may not extend beyond 24 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured. 1 Compare and contrast the powers of coastal states in internal waters, the territorial sea and the contiguous zone. Internal Waters are assimilated into the territory of the state. A coastal state may exercise jurisdiction over foreign ships within its internal waters to enforce its laws, although the judicial authorities of the flag state may also act where crimes have occurred on board the ship. There exists therefore a concurrent jurisdiction.[1] A merchant vessel in a foreign port or in foreign internal waters is automatically subject to local jurisdiction unless the matter was concerning general conduct of the crew where it did not threaten peace and security it would be left, through courtesy to the flag state. In the case of a warship however the authorisation of the captain or of the flag state is necessary before the coastal...
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...the treatment of prisoners at California’s Pelican Bay Supermax Penitentiary. I argue that the language of dehumanization fails to describe the harm of solitary confinement because it remains complicit with a hierarchical opposition between human and nonhuman animal that rebounds against prisoners, especially those who have been racialized and/or sexualized as less than human. Humanist discourse neglects the sense in which both human and nonhuman animals are affective, corporeal beings who rely upon the support of others for their own capacity to orient themselves within a mutually-perceived world. Drawing on the testimony of inmates in solitary confinement, and situating this testimony in relation to the political and scientific history of US incarceration practices, I develop a post-humanist critique of solitary confinement. Keywords: Solitary confinement, sensory deprivation, intercorporeal Malebranche would not have beaten a stone as he beat his dog, saying that the dog didn’t suffer. Merleau-Ponty, Nature, 166 Certain carceral practices are often condemned – both by prisoners and by their legal or political advocates – on the grounds that they violate human dignity by treating people like nonhuman animals. For example, in the 1995 Eighth Amendment case, Madrid v Gomez, the treatment of prisoners at California’s Pelican Bay Supermax Penitentiary is consistently compared to the treatment of nonhuman animals.i Some inmates were “hog-tied” with their hands and feet bound...
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...called equal rights), which refer to rights that members of various groups (racial, ethnic, sexual, and so on) have to equal treatment by government under the law and equal access to society’s opportunities. 3. What were the Alien and Sedition Acts and were editors if newspapers actually jailed? 74 - Alien Act, which authorized the president to deport from the United States all aliens suspected of “treasonable or secret” inclinations; the Alien Enemies Act, which allowed the president during wartime to arrest aliens subject to an enemy power; and the Sedition Act, which criminalized the publication of materials that brought the U.S. government into “disrepute.” Yes 4. What is the Patriot Act and what is “Gitmo”? How did Obama alter US policy? 75 - USA Patriot Act, authorizing President Bush to take numerous steps to prosecute the war, including giving the federal government broad new powers to detain suspects without hearings at the Guantanamo Military Base in Cuba and elsewhere. Guantanamo Military Base. Obama did halt the...
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