...Human and Machine Intelligence Essay Joe Schmo Human and Machine Intelligence Essay Are machines able to think, feel, comprehend, and act intelligently similar to that of their human counterparts? The debate continues and with the advancement of technology anything is possible. This paper will take a look at artificial intelligence and clearly state goals and limitations related to it. This paper will also compare and contrast the relation between the functioning brains and will evaluate if computers are capable of thought and how the right and left hemispheres of the human brain correspond to that of a microchip. Finally, this paper will discuss our feelings on free will in intelligent beings. According to "The Free Dictionary" (2012), "Artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer or other machine to perform actions thought to require intelligence. Among these actions are logical deduction and inference, creativity, the ability to make decisions based on past experience or insufficient or conflicting information, and the ability to understand spoken language ” (Artificial Intelligence). Technology has advanced tremendously since the creation of artificial intelligence in the 1950’s. A major goal moving ahead for scientists is to create machines that have the capacity to think and act like humans. Scientists then hope that if they are able to create human-like machines they will eventually be able to surpass...
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...SCM Research paper | Shreerang Datar Supply Chain Management (SCHM 6210) Spring 2016 RESEARCH PAPER “ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT” By Shreerang Datar (NUID 001649801) 04/14/2016 1 SCM Research paper | Shreerang Datar Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary……………………………………………………3 2. Introduction…………………………………………………………….4 3. Background…………………………………………………………….5 4. Findings………………………………………………………………...6 a. Artificial Intelligence Tools……………………………………..7 b. Business Examples…………………………………………….10 5. Future Trends and Challenges………………………………………...18 6. Conclusion……………………………………………………………19 7. Bibliography…………………………………………………………..20 2 SCM Research paper | Shreerang Datar Executive Summary: Surpassing the limits of business intelligence, artificial intelligence (AI) focuses on developing an algorithmic approach in decision making. This technology has come so far that inculcating human competencies like logic, reasoning, simulation and analytical thinking in a machine seems to be in reach. In the field of Supply Chain Management this technology is placing a strong foot in achieving creative optimization and automation in different supply chain processes. AI has found its applications in various SCM aspects which include Inventory management, Network design optimization, Logistics strategy formulation, demand forecasting, etc. It is designed to generate a step-wise mechanism for problem solving in which it defines the problem...
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...on the first page. Any other reproduction or transmission requires prior written permission. Artificial Intelligence in Cyber Defense Enn Tyugu R&D Branch Cooperative Cyber Defense Center of Excellence (CCD COE) and Estonian Academy of Sciences Tallinn, Estonia tyugu@ieee.org Abstract- The speed of processes and the amount of data to be used in defending the cyber space cannot be handled by humans without considerable automation. However, it is difficult to develop software with conventional fixed algorithms (hard-wired logic on decision making level) for effectively defending against the dynamically evolving attacks in networks. This situation can be handled by applying methods of artificial intelligence that provide flexibility and learning capability to software. This paper presents a brief survey of artificial intelligence applications in cyber defense (CD), and analyzes the prospects of enhancing the cyber defense capabilities by means of increasing the intelligence of the defense systems. After surveying the papers available about artificial intelligence applications in CD, we can conclude that useful applications already exist. They belong, first of all, to applications of artificial neural nets in perimeter defense and some other CD areas. From the other side – it has become obvious that many CD problems can be solved successfully only when methods of artificial intelligence are being used. For example, wide knowledge usage is necessary in decision making, and intelligent...
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...Artificial Intelligence Artificial intelligence is a scientific concept that gives machines the ability to copy and complete human tasks. It was a term that first came into use in 1955 and has come quite a long way since then. According to Stanford University in California, this type of intelligence is created by studying and simulating human actions, not human intelligence, to complete tasks. The actions are then programmed into a computer to allow the computer to complete the same task.It does not actually resemble human intelligence at all. Only in the movements and processing and fina l product or accomplishment. The computer should solve all the tasks with its own methods, similar to the methods in which a person with computer knowledge and know how would use. Artificial intelligence will never possess a creative side such a write an original thought, create an intelligent though or compose anything that has not already been thought or entered into its programming. The science of artificial intelligence is the part of the complex computer sciences, and the technology created by humans. The aim of the science is to create answers and solutions as well on the basis of calculations and artificially made intelligent machines. Artificial intelligence is aimed to make the human life easier and do all the difficult tasks and provide people with acceptable solutions to any problems. The main problems with Artificial Intelligence include...
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...the 21st Century……………………………………………..4 Intelligence in the 21st Century……………………………………………..5 Artificial Intelligence and Modern Society……………………………………….....6 Advancements in Technology………………………………………………..7 Advancements in Human Education and Growth…………………………..8 Technology and its Role in Developing Human Minds…………………………..…9 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………...10 References…………………………………………………………………………....11 Introduction During the onset of what has been dubbed the Digital Age, a debate has arisen over the ethical and developmental implications of technology and the dependence of the human world on Artificial Intelligence. This paper serves as an added voice to the debate of Artificial Intelligence versus the Human Mind. The fundamental question being addressed is that of whether the rapid technological advancements that have and are still being made are stifling the growth of human innovation. The realization that technology is increasingly becoming a huge facet in the day to day lives of billions of people around the globe makes it ever more necessary to evaluate how dependent the world will be on it in the near future. For example, technology is used to determine weather patterns, determining the direction the global economy is taking and so forth. So it is pertinent for an evaluation to be made in relation to how detrimental an overreliance on Artificial Intelligence could be for the next generation. In...
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...Artificial Intelligence and The Future of Humanity Artificial intelligence is the human-like intelligence demonstrated by machines and man made software. The artificial intelligence field is interdisciplinary meaning that it combines two or more academic disciplines or fields of study, in which a number and professions mesh together, including computer science, psychology, linguistics, philosophy and neuroscience, as well as other specialized fields such as artificial psychology. Major artificial intelligence researchers and textbooks define this field as the study and design of intelligent agents, where as an intelligence agent is a system that checks out its environment and takes the necessary actions that maximizes the chances of success(Artificial Intelligence, A.G. Cohn, R. Dechter). Now, this person John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1955, defined it as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines. Artificial intelligence research is very highly technical and specialized, and is deeply divided into sub fields that usually often fail to communicate with each other. Some of the division is due to social and cultural factors meaning that it will or will not function because of our multicultural race. Some sub fields have grown up around particular institutions and the work of individual researchers. Artificial intelligence research is also divided by several technical issues. Some sub fields focus on the solution of specific problems. Others focus on one...
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...In this paper, I will evaluate Putnam’s, Turing’s and Searle’s argument concerning computers having consciousness. I will argue that Searle’s argument against computers having consciousness is the stronger argument of the three arguments. Firstly, I will begin by examining the Turing’s and Putman’s argument showing their strengths and weaknesses. Then I will layout Searle’s argument and showing it strengths and weaknesses. Consequently, I will show that although Artificial Intelligence has the capability of producing machines that have humanistic functions, this science however lacks the ability to produce computers with minds. In other words, computers will do a lot, but won’t be a lot. Artificial Intelligence according to the Webster dictionary can be defined as computer programs developed to mimic human intelligence, such as reasoning, learning, problem-solving, and making decisions. Artificial intelligence programs enable computers to perform tasks such as playing chess, proving mathematical theorems, etc. The definition of Artificial Intelligence can be further placed into four categories, these are systems that think like humans, systems that act like humans, systems that think rationally and systems that act rationally. Let examine the Turing test; this is test experiment invented by as the name suggests by A.M Turing as a proposal for the question whether machines can think. This experiment is one in which two connecting rooms are arranged each consisting of a teletypewriter...
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...In 1950 Alan Turing wrote the paper Computing Machinery and Intelligence. This document attempts to address the question "Can machines think?". Much of the paper involves speculation and the creation of theories without any solid facts to back them up. Due to the lack of digital computers, really the only one being ENIAC at this time, it was nearly impossible for him to test these concepts. Therefore one can view many of the statements within this document as both theory and philosophy. Additionally with Americas participation in the Korean war the development of computation would not be a major interest of the American public till the start of the space race in the late 50's. Alan Mathison Turing played a critical role in the evolution of computer science and subsequently the advancement of technology. While working as a cryptographer he came up with the ideas of representing data with ones and zeros and assigning computers with six essential...
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...Ethics of Artificial Intelligence Introduction: Artificial Intelligence The growing field of artificial intelligence is one that continues to show potential in many areas of expertise such as legal work and medicine. Artificial intelligence (AI) as explained by Semmler and Rose is “the process of simulating human intelligence through machine processes” (Semmler). There are many kinds of AI that do different things, but the main attribute of all AI is the ability to learn from specific data and use what they learn to perform a task. Some simple AI can improve the chance to find diseases in blood by keeping good records, while others can do the work of first-year associates at a law firm (Nunez). There are now countless AIs and with them starting to become widespread the ethics of having powerful AI is now being studied. The study of AI is widespread and unregulated in many countries which has created an opportunity for questionable AI to appear. This has caused an issue of ethics to appear and be studied. Researchers of AI such as Sean Semmler and Zeeve Rose look into the effect AI has...
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...System Engineering Management ROBOT PAINTING USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SUBMITTED BY Hari priya Kapileswarapu 1504606 ADVISOR Steven Maher; Geoffrey Rodman OKLAHOMA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY ABTRACT: This paper describes about one the functionality of the robot and how robot paints an object using artificial intelligence. And objects like iron wall, wooden box, motor bike etc. Suppose if the robot has to paint a motor bike it has to identify the parts of the motor bike and has to paint the color to those parts. For example, if the rims of the wheels had to be painted in black color then the robot has to identify the rims and paint the black color. In the same way, if the chassis had to be painted with black color then the robot has to identify the chassis and paint it accordingly. In this way, the whole motor bike would be painted by the robot based on the parts. For painting the parts of the motor bike there are some methods like generating the optimum path and the trajectory methods. In this way, robot can paint the respective object based on the models with different colors. Index Terms— Artificial Intelligence, Dec ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: I feel it a great pleasure and honor to express our immense gratitude towards our esteemed guide, Geoffrey Rodman for standing by our side all through the implementation of the project. His able technical guidance and expertise have Contribute to the success of...
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...from God. Man forges his own purpose from the desires of his imagination and the rare strength of his will to create. His implements have been modified as time has gone on, but his longing, his passion to create; to change his world has not. The paper will address Artificial Intelligence from several aspects. The history, the key players, everyday uses, technologies and the future will be conversed. Definition Artificial intelligence is defined as the study of intelligent behavior and the attempt to find ways in which such behavior could be engineered in any type of artifact. Simply is the act of putting human intelligence into a machine. AI is a major section of computer science dealing with the reformation of intelligent behavior in computers: the capability of a machine to emulate intelligent human behavior. It can be correlated to the parallel task of using computers to understand human intelligence; however AI does not have to limit itself to methods that are physically visible. History The pursuit for artificial intelligence is not a new venture for science it’s been around before Christ. Even in Egyptian times looked to talking statues for mystical advice the quest for the thinking machine was there. Artificial intelligence (AI) are both a term and a science was coined 120 years later, after the operational digital computer had made...
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...http://www.slideshare.net/ajaysuman/artificial-intelligence-in-business ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN BUSINESS Introduction Business applications utilize the specific technologies mentioned earlier to try and make better sense of potentially enormous variability (for example, unknown patterns/relationships in sales data, customer buying habits, and so on). However, within the corporate world, AI is widely used for complex problem-solving and decision-support techniques in real-time business applications. The business applicability of AI techniques is spread across functions ranging from finance management to forecasting and production. In the fiercely competitive and dynamic market scenario, decision-making has become fairly complex and latency is inherent in many processes. In addition, the amount of data to be analyzed has increased substantially. AI technologies help enterprises reduce latency in making business decisions, minimize fraud and enhance revenue opportunities. Definition of AI AI is a broad discipline that promises to simulate numerous innate human skills such as automatic programming, case-based reasoning, neural networks, decision-making, expert systems, natural language processing, pattern recognition and speech recognition etc. AI technologies bring more complex data-analysis features to existing applications. There are many definitions that attempt to explain what Artificial Intelligence (AI) is. I like to think of AI as a science that investigates...
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...ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENT May 22, 2016 Artificial Intelligence Introduction “With artificial intelligence, we are summoning the demon. You know all those stories where there is the guy with the pentagram and the holy water and he’s like… (wink) yeah he’s sure he can control the demon… doesn’t work out.” Elon Musk. For some people, AI is the response to many of our major problems and it will help us to get more space in our daily life to perform other activities unrelated to work. In addition, some people think that they came to accelerate a world of calculation that is to complex for the human race. However, there are others like Elon Musk thinking about the ability of self-improvement process they have. At the end the question is, Is AI in our advantage or dis-advantage?. The Gestation of Artificial intelligent: 1. In 1943 McCulloch & Pitts: Boolean circuit model of brain: They proved that something that something that behaved like a biological neuron was capable of computation and early computer designer often though in term of them. They created a neuronal network similar to the way human neuronal works. The way the neuron network works is: * A cell, which can output a 0 or a 1 * A number of excitatory inputs * A threshold value. What is important about their work and this type of network is that they could generate or recognize any regular sequence. 2. In 1950 Turing's ``Computing Machinery and Intelligence'': The testing machine era. He...
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...Development of Software Packages for neural networks using qualitative visualization *Dr.Osamah Abdulgader Al- Rababah and ** Alaa Ismat Al-Attili ***Dr.khalid Shraidah *King Abdul Aziz University- KSA-JEDDA-21931 ALKamell College – Computer Department **AL-Zahra College for Women (University College) - IT Department | | ***King Abdul Aziz University- KSA-JEDDA-21931 ALKamell College – Computer Department | | Abstract The paper suggests an improved neuro-simulators block diagram, which not only extends the functionality of the software package, but also allows rapid learning in the development of the package due to the qualitative visualization of different phases of network development. Key words: Information Technology , Artificial Neural Networks (NN), Network Operation Visualization Tools , Artificial Neuron . 1. Introduction In the last few decades interest has risen in a new application area of applied mathematics, information technology specializing in artificial Neural Networks (NN). The relevance of the research in this line is confirmed by the various spheres of the NN application, which are being widely used now to solve applied tasks. NNR was actively used in applications where conventional algorithmic approach to solving problems turned out to be ineffective. Some of those applications: automation of pattern recognition process, adaptive control, functional approximation forecasting, creation of expert system,...
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...AI robot: how machine intelligence is evolving No computer can yet pass the 'Turing test' and be taken as human. But the hunt for artificial intelligence is moving in a different, exciting direction that involves creativity, language – and even jazz • Comments (109) • Marcus du Sautoy • The Observer, Saturday 31 March 2012 • Article history [pic] Marcus du Sautoy with one of Luc Steels's language-making robots. Photograph: Jodie Adams/BBC 'I propose to consider the question "Can machines think?"' Not my question but the opening of Alan Turing's seminal 1950 paper which is generally regarded as the catalyst for the modern quest to create artificial intelligence. His question was inspired by a book he had been given at the age of 10: Natural Wonders Every Child Should Know by Edwin Tenney Brewster. The book was packed with nuggets that fired the young Turing's imagination including the following provocative statement: "Of course the body is a machine. It is vastly complex, many times more complicated than any machine ever made with hands; but still after all a machine. It has been likened to a steam machine. But that was before we knew as much about the way it works as we know now. It really is a gas engine; like the engine of an automobile, a motor boat or a flying machine." If the body were a machine, Turing wondered: is it possible to artificially create such a contraption that could think like he did? This year is Turing's centenary so would he...
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