...Research Paper Outline I. Introduction A) Hook – For thousands of years, humans have never really known what existed beyond what we could see with our own eyes. B) General Statements/Explain the Controversy – Advocates for space exploration say that there are much advantages that push humankind towards a better tomorrow. Opponents argue that there is an huge cost put into research and development C) Thesis Statement and Forecast – I think that the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages because of the benefits that people will inherit and that the economic benefit we receive is a lot more than the cost we put into it. II. Body (Arguments) A) Transition and Topic Sentence for Reason #1 – We can use the new technology 1) Supporting Detail - Not possible without NASA (Wilson, Space Program Benefits) 2) Supporting Detail -Things from fiberglass to GPS (Wilson, Space Program Benefits) 3) Supporting Detail - More investment, more commercialized (Wilson, Space Program Benefits) B) Transition and Topic Sentence for Reason #2 – The exploration development basic necessities 1) Supporting Detail - NASA started water program (Dunbar, “Water Water Everywhere!”) 2) Supporting Detail - Based off design for astronauts (Dunbar, “Water Water Everywhere!”) 3) Supporting Detail - Inexpensive, useful (Dunbar, “Water Water Everywhere!”) C) Transition and Topic Sentence for Reason #3 –The exploration extended to help people in medicine 1) Supporting...
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...will analyze the reasons why NASA allowed this aircraft to take off, and the reason why it should not have. I will also research the aftermath and how this huge error could have been avoided. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration was created on October 1, 1958 by the President of the United States and Congress. It was to provide research into the problems of flight within and outside the Earth’s atmosphere. The main reason NASA was invented was due to World War 2. The United States and the Soviet Union were engaged in a cold ward. During this time, space exploration become the one of the highest priority discussions. This became known as the space race. (American Psychological Association, 2011) The United States launched its first Earth satellite on January 31, 1958. It was called Explorer 1. Then the United States started several missions to the moon and other planets in 1950 and the 1960’s. It had 8,000 employees and an annual budget of $100 million. Nasa rapidly grew. They had three main laboratories. First, Langley Aeronautical Laboratory, Second, Ames Aeronautical Laboratory, and thirdly, Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory. They also created two small testing laboratories. As NASA was becoming more and more successful, they eventually created even more centers. Today they have 10 across the country. They also conducted several large programs : ● Human...
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...NASA Research Paper Chelsea Best 4138567 LSTD 300 Professor Kerney Since its beginning the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has been pivotal in the scientific advancements made in the United States. Their vision, “To reach for new heights and reveal the unknown so that what we do and learn will benefit all humankind.” The scientist and researchers for NASA are trying to answer questions not just about the universe at large, but also about everyday human lives here on Earth. There are four focuses of NASA’s activity, called mission directives. Aeronautics, which focuses on meeting the worldwide demand for more eco-friendly and sustainable aircrafts. Human Exploration and Operations which involves operations on the International Space Station (ISS), developing commercial spaceflight and the ability for humans to explore beyond low-Earth Orbit. Scientist are exploring not only the Earth itself, but the universe beyond as well and works on charting the best exploration paths for us to continue discovering the universe. Space Technology is the final mission directive of NASA which combines elements from the others to develop and create the most innovative technology to aid future missions. NASA is also working hard to aid in the development of a private sector in space travel. Their hope is that by commercializing some aspects of space travel, such as routine trips to the ISS, more of their resources will be available for furthering their overall goals...
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...United States Space Program has brought to life things that, as late as the 1950’s, were once believed to be impossible. As a little boy, I remember watching TV in the library at school as the latest space shuttle was going to blast off from its launch pad en route to its destiny in space exploration. As I’ve grown, so too has my never ending curiosity of what lies beyond our own planet and solar system. We have been to the moon, seen unbelievable, up close photos of planets like Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, and just when it looked like we’re about to make a leap into exploring beyond our solar system or possibly sending a manned mission to Mars, it all stops. Along with millions of other people who grew up dreaming of one day going into outer space or visiting a faraway planet, we all watched in horror as the United States Space Program has all but been eliminated by decisions made by members of Congress and President Barak Obama to drastically overhaul funding for NASA and the United States Space Program. In 2010, the President announced dramatic changes including the abandonment of the Constellation program and the Ares Rocket which was supposed to replace the newly retired space shuttle program, as well as outlining the development of commercializing elements of the industry which has forced NASA to re-evaluate the overall direction of its program and establish new, long-term initiatives. Will the commercialization and privatization of the space flight program enable NASA and...
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...Alen Sonny Mr. Lewis APUSH Period 5 13 April, 2014 The War between Communism and Democracy for Dominance of Space The Space Race was a war of firsts between the United States of America and the Union Soviet Socialist Republics. But it was also the culmination of the dreams of man for many millennia and the team who worked on the space programs was able to discover what so many of the people that came before and after them could only dream of. It was an endeavor that all of humanity was invested in at the time. It was a testament to the power of the human spirit and it showed how nothing was impossible if we persevered and strived to be better. The space race did not start as one would expect with the respective American and Soviet space agencies. But rather it began with the German V2 missile launches towards the end of World War 2. The V2 missile was designed by Wernher Von Braun a German scientist who had dreamed of traveling to the moon for many years; however this dream had to be secret as it was considered to be treasonous and not helpful to the German cause. Von Braun and many other amateur rocketeers were drafted into the German war machine in order to help build a super weapon and their base was Peenemünde. When the war was nearing its end the Third Reich unleashed its secret weapon, the V2 missile. It could hit anywhere within its target range and there would be no warning. When it hit, it caused scenes of mass destruction. The V2 missiles were to be Hitler’s...
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...I. Introduction: The purpose of this paper is an overview about the current space tourism industry with advanced developments of space vehicles. Until now, seven tourists have ridden Soyuz spacecraft, a Russian spacecraft, to the International Space Station. Capturing the potential demand of space tourism, many private companies began to introduce their new and well-designed spacecraft promising to enable tourist to travel to space. From now to the next couple of years, we are expected to see many launches including testing and commercial flights into suborbital and low Earth orbit. There are also some private companies, who were awarded by NASA for their space programs to carry astronauts to the space station. II. Virgin Galactic – Scaled Composites (Suborbital): Virgin Galactic – Scaled Composites founded by Burt Rutan designed a unique type of spacecraft. Using a mothership aircraft, the space plane will be carried to midair and then be released to launch toward the edge of the atmosphere. Using carbon composite construction, the company has introduced two version of the space plane: SpaceShipOne and SpaceShipTwo along with two model of the mothership aircraft: WhiteKnightOne and WhiteKnightTwo. (Ref 1,3) A. Spaceship: a. SpaceshipOne – WhiteKnightOne: Scaled Composites first launched the SpaceShipOne to the suborbital in 2004 while the first of WhiteKnightOne was in 2002. Overall, the WhiteKnightOne’s features are carriage and launch of payloads up to 7...
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...History of Kodak In 1880 George Eastman began inventing a single shot piece of paper that was covered in a photographic emulsion which was the beginning of Kodak. Three years later in 1883 he was joined by William Walker, working together they created a holder for photo plates two years later. In 1887 Hannibal Goodwin created a transparent nitrocellulose film base. In 1888 Emile Reynaud put perforations into nitrocellulose film. That same year Eastman trademarked the name Kodak and released the Kodak camera which came pre-loaded with a roll of paper film that could take up to 100 pictures and when finished the camera had to be sent back to Eastman to be developed and re-loaded with more film. In 1889, Eastman combined all of those inventions and created the first mass-produced rolls of transparent photographic film. T.he Kodak camera by folding collapsible Kodak cameras with nitrocellulose film, and by 1897 the invention of a folding, pocketable camera came. In 1892 Eastman began working with Thomas Edison to trim the 40mm film stock down to 35mm. Edison then perforated the film with four sprockets holes per frame which was a patented invention but was invalidated later on by the court. It also created the Kinetoscope which was a single person motion picture device which helped create the movie industry and give way to advances to create movies as we see them today. Eastman released a cardboard box camera called the Brownie and was very affordable at one dollar to operate...
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...The Mission to Mars Project Signature Assignment Submitted to: Dr. Archer 06/28/2013 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to describe what the Mission to Mars Project and understand how they plan on surviving accordingly and what they plan to accomplish. The Mission to Mars project is a huge exploration venture for man-kind and can possibly cause a paradigm shift in our world as we know it today. I will describe the Mission exactly as it planned and many flaws that come with their plans. NASA has been defunded so this mission has been privatized by a nonprofit organization (Mission One). Mission One is seeking individuals to volunteer for their mission to Mars. The individuals they choose for the mission will have to expect to live on Mars and colonize the red planet. Most of their plans are just theory and I will research more of their plans like growing vegetation, using solar power, and survival. Introduction to “The Mission to Mars” Project Many great men and women have been able to experience the glory beyond our atmosphere. Retired NASA astronaut, Frank Borman, was one of those great men. Borman was one of the first 24 individuals to fly around the moon. Borman is a modern explorer, beyond the constraints of the seas, or land, Borman was able to reach new heights. This great explorer once said, “Exploration really is the essence of the human spirit, and to pause, to falter, to turn our back...
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...1 Table of Contents Abstract .................................................................................................................................................. 2 I. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 3 II. Mars Odyssey Overview and Missions ................................................................................................. 3 III. Launch Vehicles .................................................................................................................................. 4 IV. Aerobraking........................................................................................................................................ 5 V. Instruments ......................................................................................................................................... 6 1. Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) ................................................................................ 6 2. Gamma Ray Spectrometer (GRS) .................................................................................................. 7 3. The Mars Radiation Environment Experiment (MARIE) ................................................................. 7 VI. Results ............................................................................................................................................... 8 VII. Legacy ............
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...Upon searching for a non-profit organization to write my research paper on, I was over whelmed because there are numerous amounts of organizations throughout the country that assist people and communities with different services. My first priority was to stay far from excessively popular large organizations and bring to light a less popular one. I looked up the meaning and functions of ‘non-profit organization’ which is defined as “an incorporated organization which exists for educational or charitable reasons, and from which its shareholders or trustees do not benefit financially.” After carefully considering many exemplary organizations, and knowing of what exactly a non-profit organization is, and how the said organization should operate I selected the Expand Your Horizons non-profit organization. The Organization began in 1974, as a Math and Science Network with an informal group made up of women scientists, and educators, in the San Francisco Bay Area. The concerned with the low female participation in math and science courses initiated them to plan and coordinate programs to strengthen girls in these topics. A two year grant from the Carnegie Corporation in 1978 was awarded to the small Network to help establish it as a formal organization and soon the organization operated at the Mills College campus in Oakland, California. The mission of this organization is to “encourage young teenage girls in middle and high school to pursue science, technology, engineering and...
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...things makes sense right? But doesn't the government fund programs that keeps its citizens employed? The answer is yes that's the whole point of stimulus programs and in some way or another government's whole budget. So when the government gets together and looks at what to cut for the sequester they seem to weigh what seems to be important to the people and what's not important. The disturbing result is the lack of funding and respect space programs get. I know, I know the "fact" that the moon is mad of cheese is good enough for a lot of people and seems to satisfy the masses but I have news for you NASA and the drive of space exploration has given the people of the world more than just the real truth of what the moon is made of. A 1999 Gallup poll found that 18 percent of American adults believed that the sun revolved around earth with 3 percent unsure.(Andrews). Not only that according to a 2004 Science Foundation study 32 percent of adults thought that astrology was either "sort of scientific" or "very scientific".(Andrews). How pathetic is that? There has been a seeming acceptance of ignorance across the board on anything scientific. So no wonder why there is a lack of respect for space and scientific research. Maybe it's the science community's fault for making space uninteresting by taking the human out of it after all we just ended the shuttle program in 2011 leaving American astronauts no choice but to...
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...Wernher Von Braun and his impact on physics. We will discuss his life, where he came from, his education, and his accomplishments. We will discuss the effect he and others like him had on our lives, how they changed them, and their contribution to science. Wernher Von Braun was born March 23, 1912 the second of three sons born to Baron Magnus von Braun and Baroness Emmy von Quistorp. Born in thecity of Wirsitz, the province of Posen in the Prussian area of Germany. Von Braun being born the son of a Baron and Baroness. Wernher and his brothers all became Barons at birth, they being born of German nobility. Wernher and his brothers were raised to be honorable and educated. At an early age of four Von Braun’s father had noted he could read a paper upside down and ask his teachers question they couldn’t answer even then showing an understanding complex matter above others his age. His father’s job as a diplomat had him transferred to Berlin where in the 1920 he studied music, a passion he continued until adulthood. In 1924 at 12 years old the young aspiring rocketeers first rocket experiment didn’t go so well for him. Wernher after talking his older brother, Magnus into helping.The two Von Braun brothers bought 6 large skyrockets and lashed them to Wernher’s coaster wagon. Then placing the wagon with the rockets mounted on it on the most upscale street in Berlin. They ignited the fuses and Werher jumped in. What followed was described as a “wholly out of control wagon trailing a comet’s...
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...Challenger Disaster Research Paper Space Shuttle Challenger was first called as STA-099, and was built as a test vehicle for the space program. But despite its Earth-bound beginnings, STA-099 was destined for space. In 1979, NASA awarded a contract to Rockwell, a space shuttle manufacturer to convert the STA-099 to a space orbiter OV-099. After completion of OV-099, it arrived at the at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida in July 1982, bearing the name "Challenger." Space Shuttle orbiter Challenger was named after the British Naval vessel HMS Challenger that sailed the Atlantic and Pacific oceans during the 1870s. Challenger launched on her maiden voyage, STS-6, on April 4, 1983. That mission saw the first spacewalk of the Space Shuttle program. The NASA had planned for a six day flight, and their mission was to release and retrieve one satellite to study Haley’s comet, and to launch another satellite that would become part of the space communications network. Challenger was originally set to launch from Florida on January 22nd. But delays in STS-61-C and bad weather caused it to reschedule to January 23rd, 24th, 25th, and 27th. On January 28th 1986, the space shuttle was set to take off, but the launch time was delayed due to problems with the...
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...Marat Ayan Professor Estillore ENGL 1301(30628) 09 November 2014 Word Count: 805 Rewrite/Essay #3 Impacts of technology on human life Technologies developed so far these days that human being has changed completely; human life became more digital than physical. The disturbing fact of that technology takes over our natural way of living as it was about a century ago now has benefits people heavily rely upon it. Technology brought luxury to life, increased access to knowledge, provides a communication platform and has generally made life easier. Sherry Turkle, is an Abby Rockefeller Mauze Professor in the Program of Science Technology, and Society at MIT shares her views on impact of technology in TED talks, her truthful observation tells: “As we expect more from technology; we start to expect less from each other”. (Sandra) There are many arguments against benefits that technology can provide. For instance, technology makes people use internet everyday as they are addicted and dependent on it. People spend too much time surfing the web that their loved ones and close people suffer of their non-participation and paralysis caused by internet. Warmth of personal contact is now deprived by SMS and e-mails; people hide from each other and it’s easier to send a message than talking personally. People became more luxurious than ever. Luxurious people tend to act selfish and arrogantly. People have neglected the need of physical activity and exercise, which makes human body resist...
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...“The probability of success is difficult to estimate; but if we never search the chance of success is zero, “Giuseppe Cocconi and Philip Morrison in their 1959 paper ‘Searching for Interstellar Communications’ supports the search for extraterrestrial intelligence. This prediction was one of the first of its kind and it opened up nonbeliever’s eyes to real possibility of space exploration. Cocconi knew even back in 1959 that the expedition to space would be arduous but had the United States not tried to get there they never would have known the incredible opportunities space had to offer. In order to continue the pursuit of intelligence in space, the United States must consider impact on the economy, job industry, influence on youth, and impact...
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